Falkner and Boettcher, Equation (22+)

Percentage Accurate: 98.5% → 100.0%
Time: 5.0s
Alternatives: 5
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{4}{\left(\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v)
 :precision binary64
 (/ 4.0 (* (* (* 3.0 PI) (- 1.0 (* v v))) (sqrt (- 2.0 (* 6.0 (* v v)))))))
double code(double v) {
	return 4.0 / (((3.0 * ((double) M_PI)) * (1.0 - (v * v))) * sqrt((2.0 - (6.0 * (v * v)))));
}
public static double code(double v) {
	return 4.0 / (((3.0 * Math.PI) * (1.0 - (v * v))) * Math.sqrt((2.0 - (6.0 * (v * v)))));
}
def code(v):
	return 4.0 / (((3.0 * math.pi) * (1.0 - (v * v))) * math.sqrt((2.0 - (6.0 * (v * v)))))
function code(v)
	return Float64(4.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(3.0 * pi) * Float64(1.0 - Float64(v * v))) * sqrt(Float64(2.0 - Float64(6.0 * Float64(v * v))))))
end
function tmp = code(v)
	tmp = 4.0 / (((3.0 * pi) * (1.0 - (v * v))) * sqrt((2.0 - (6.0 * (v * v)))));
end
code[v_] := N[(4.0 / N[(N[(N[(3.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 - N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[(2.0 - N[(6.0 * N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{4}{\left(\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 5 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 98.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{4}{\left(\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v)
 :precision binary64
 (/ 4.0 (* (* (* 3.0 PI) (- 1.0 (* v v))) (sqrt (- 2.0 (* 6.0 (* v v)))))))
double code(double v) {
	return 4.0 / (((3.0 * ((double) M_PI)) * (1.0 - (v * v))) * sqrt((2.0 - (6.0 * (v * v)))));
}
public static double code(double v) {
	return 4.0 / (((3.0 * Math.PI) * (1.0 - (v * v))) * Math.sqrt((2.0 - (6.0 * (v * v)))));
}
def code(v):
	return 4.0 / (((3.0 * math.pi) * (1.0 - (v * v))) * math.sqrt((2.0 - (6.0 * (v * v)))))
function code(v)
	return Float64(4.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(3.0 * pi) * Float64(1.0 - Float64(v * v))) * sqrt(Float64(2.0 - Float64(6.0 * Float64(v * v))))))
end
function tmp = code(v)
	tmp = 4.0 / (((3.0 * pi) * (1.0 - (v * v))) * sqrt((2.0 - (6.0 * (v * v)))));
end
code[v_] := N[(4.0 / N[(N[(N[(3.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 - N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[N[(2.0 - N[(6.0 * N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{4}{\left(\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 100.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  (/ 1.3333333333333333 (* PI (- 1.0 (* v v))))
  (sqrt (+ 2.0 (* (* v v) -6.0)))))
double code(double v) {
	return (1.3333333333333333 / (((double) M_PI) * (1.0 - (v * v)))) / sqrt((2.0 + ((v * v) * -6.0)));
}
public static double code(double v) {
	return (1.3333333333333333 / (Math.PI * (1.0 - (v * v)))) / Math.sqrt((2.0 + ((v * v) * -6.0)));
}
def code(v):
	return (1.3333333333333333 / (math.pi * (1.0 - (v * v)))) / math.sqrt((2.0 + ((v * v) * -6.0)))
function code(v)
	return Float64(Float64(1.3333333333333333 / Float64(pi * Float64(1.0 - Float64(v * v)))) / sqrt(Float64(2.0 + Float64(Float64(v * v) * -6.0))))
end
function tmp = code(v)
	tmp = (1.3333333333333333 / (pi * (1.0 - (v * v)))) / sqrt((2.0 + ((v * v) * -6.0)));
end
code[v_] := N[(N[(1.3333333333333333 / N[(Pi * N[(1.0 - N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[N[(2.0 + N[(N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision] * -6.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.5%

    \[\frac{4}{\left(\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{4}{\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}} \]
    2. associate-*l*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{4}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    3. associate-/r*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{4}{3}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    4. metadata-eval100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{1.3333333333333333}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    5. sub-neg100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{2 + \left(-6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}} \]
    6. *-commutative100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(-\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot 6}\right)}} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-in100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(-6\right)}}} \]
    8. metadata-eval100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{-6}}} \]
  3. Simplified100.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}}} \]
  4. Final simplification100.0%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}} \]

Alternative 2: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{\pi}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (* 1.3333333333333333 (/ 1.0 PI)) (sqrt (+ 2.0 (* (* v v) -6.0)))))
double code(double v) {
	return (1.3333333333333333 * (1.0 / ((double) M_PI))) / sqrt((2.0 + ((v * v) * -6.0)));
}
public static double code(double v) {
	return (1.3333333333333333 * (1.0 / Math.PI)) / Math.sqrt((2.0 + ((v * v) * -6.0)));
}
def code(v):
	return (1.3333333333333333 * (1.0 / math.pi)) / math.sqrt((2.0 + ((v * v) * -6.0)))
function code(v)
	return Float64(Float64(1.3333333333333333 * Float64(1.0 / pi)) / sqrt(Float64(2.0 + Float64(Float64(v * v) * -6.0))))
end
function tmp = code(v)
	tmp = (1.3333333333333333 * (1.0 / pi)) / sqrt((2.0 + ((v * v) * -6.0)));
end
code[v_] := N[(N[(1.3333333333333333 * N[(1.0 / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[N[(2.0 + N[(N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision] * -6.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{\pi}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.5%

    \[\frac{4}{\left(\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{4}{\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}} \]
    2. associate-*l*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{4}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    3. associate-/r*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{4}{3}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    4. metadata-eval100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{1.3333333333333333}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    5. sub-neg100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{2 + \left(-6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}} \]
    6. *-commutative100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(-\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot 6}\right)}} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-in100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(-6\right)}}} \]
    8. metadata-eval100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{-6}}} \]
  3. Simplified100.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in v around 0 99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi}}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. clear-num99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{1.3333333333333333}}}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}} \]
    2. associate-/r/99.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\pi} \cdot 1.3333333333333333}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\pi} \cdot 1.3333333333333333}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}} \]
  7. Final simplification99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{\pi}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}} \]

Alternative 3: 98.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (/ 1.3333333333333333 PI) (sqrt (+ 2.0 (* (* v v) -6.0)))))
double code(double v) {
	return (1.3333333333333333 / ((double) M_PI)) / sqrt((2.0 + ((v * v) * -6.0)));
}
public static double code(double v) {
	return (1.3333333333333333 / Math.PI) / Math.sqrt((2.0 + ((v * v) * -6.0)));
}
def code(v):
	return (1.3333333333333333 / math.pi) / math.sqrt((2.0 + ((v * v) * -6.0)))
function code(v)
	return Float64(Float64(1.3333333333333333 / pi) / sqrt(Float64(2.0 + Float64(Float64(v * v) * -6.0))))
end
function tmp = code(v)
	tmp = (1.3333333333333333 / pi) / sqrt((2.0 + ((v * v) * -6.0)));
end
code[v_] := N[(N[(1.3333333333333333 / Pi), $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[N[(2.0 + N[(N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision] * -6.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.5%

    \[\frac{4}{\left(\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{4}{\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}} \]
    2. associate-*l*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{4}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    3. associate-/r*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{4}{3}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    4. metadata-eval100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{1.3333333333333333}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    5. sub-neg100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{2 + \left(-6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}} \]
    6. *-commutative100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(-\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot 6}\right)}} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-in100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(-6\right)}}} \]
    8. metadata-eval100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{-6}}} \]
  3. Simplified100.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in v around 0 99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi}}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}} \]
  5. Final simplification99.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}} \]

Alternative 4: 97.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\sqrt{0.8888888888888888}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (sqrt 0.8888888888888888) (* PI (- 1.0 (* v v)))))
double code(double v) {
	return sqrt(0.8888888888888888) / (((double) M_PI) * (1.0 - (v * v)));
}
public static double code(double v) {
	return Math.sqrt(0.8888888888888888) / (Math.PI * (1.0 - (v * v)));
}
def code(v):
	return math.sqrt(0.8888888888888888) / (math.pi * (1.0 - (v * v)))
function code(v)
	return Float64(sqrt(0.8888888888888888) / Float64(pi * Float64(1.0 - Float64(v * v))))
end
function tmp = code(v)
	tmp = sqrt(0.8888888888888888) / (pi * (1.0 - (v * v)));
end
code[v_] := N[(N[Sqrt[0.8888888888888888], $MachinePrecision] / N[(Pi * N[(1.0 - N[(v * v), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\sqrt{0.8888888888888888}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.5%

    \[\frac{4}{\left(\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{4}{\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}} \]
    2. associate-*l*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{4}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    3. associate-/r*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{4}{3}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    4. metadata-eval100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{1.3333333333333333}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    5. sub-neg100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{2 + \left(-6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}} \]
    6. *-commutative100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(-\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot 6}\right)}} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-in100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(-6\right)}}} \]
    8. metadata-eval100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{-6}}} \]
  3. Simplified100.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}}} \]
    2. div-inv100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}} \]
    3. associate-*l*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}}\right)} \]
    4. pow1/2100.0%

      \[\leadsto 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}^{0.5}}}\right) \]
    5. pow-flip98.5%

      \[\leadsto 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}^{\left(-0.5\right)}}\right) \]
    6. +-commutative98.5%

      \[\leadsto 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6 + 2\right)}}^{\left(-0.5\right)}\right) \]
    7. associate-*l*98.5%

      \[\leadsto 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot {\left(\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(v \cdot -6\right)} + 2\right)}^{\left(-0.5\right)}\right) \]
    8. fma-def98.5%

      \[\leadsto 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}}^{\left(-0.5\right)}\right) \]
    9. metadata-eval98.5%

      \[\leadsto 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{-0.5}}\right) \]
  5. Applied egg-rr98.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r*98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}\right) \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}} \]
    2. associate-*r/100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1.3333333333333333 \cdot 1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5} \]
    3. metadata-eval100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1.3333333333333333}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5} \]
    4. associate-*l/98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1.3333333333333333 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
  7. Simplified98.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1.3333333333333333 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-sqr-sqrt98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{1.3333333333333333 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}} \cdot \sqrt{1.3333333333333333 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    2. sqrt-unprod98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right) \cdot \left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    3. swap-sqr98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot 1.3333333333333333\right) \cdot \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    4. metadata-eval98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{1.7777777777777777} \cdot \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    5. fma-udef98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \left({\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(v \cdot -6\right) + 2\right)}}^{-0.5} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    6. associate-*l*98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \left({\left(\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6} + 2\right)}^{-0.5} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    7. +-commutative98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \left({\color{blue}{\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}}^{-0.5} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    8. fma-udef98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \left({\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}^{-0.5} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(v \cdot -6\right) + 2\right)}}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    9. associate-*l*98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \left({\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}^{-0.5} \cdot {\left(\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6} + 2\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    10. +-commutative98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \left({\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}^{-0.5} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    11. pow-prod-up98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}^{\left(-0.5 + -0.5\right)}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    12. +-commutative98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6 + 2\right)}}^{\left(-0.5 + -0.5\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    13. associate-*l*98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot {\left(\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(v \cdot -6\right)} + 2\right)}^{\left(-0.5 + -0.5\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    14. fma-udef98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}}^{\left(-0.5 + -0.5\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    15. metadata-eval98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{-1}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr98.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-1}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow-198.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    2. associate-*r/98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1.7777777777777777 \cdot 1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    3. metadata-eval98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1.7777777777777777}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
  11. Simplified98.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1.7777777777777777}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
  12. Taylor expanded in v around 0 97.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{0.8888888888888888}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
  13. Final simplification97.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{0.8888888888888888}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]

Alternative 5: 97.3% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\sqrt{0.8888888888888888}}{\pi} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (v) :precision binary64 (/ (sqrt 0.8888888888888888) PI))
double code(double v) {
	return sqrt(0.8888888888888888) / ((double) M_PI);
}
public static double code(double v) {
	return Math.sqrt(0.8888888888888888) / Math.PI;
}
def code(v):
	return math.sqrt(0.8888888888888888) / math.pi
function code(v)
	return Float64(sqrt(0.8888888888888888) / pi)
end
function tmp = code(v)
	tmp = sqrt(0.8888888888888888) / pi;
end
code[v_] := N[(N[Sqrt[0.8888888888888888], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\sqrt{0.8888888888888888}}{\pi}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.5%

    \[\frac{4}{\left(\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{4}{\left(3 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}}} \]
    2. associate-*l*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{4}{\color{blue}{3 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)\right)}}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    3. associate-/r*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{4}{3}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    4. metadata-eval100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{1.3333333333333333}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 - 6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)}} \]
    5. sub-neg100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{2 + \left(-6 \cdot \left(v \cdot v\right)\right)}}} \]
    6. *-commutative100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(-\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot 6}\right)}} \]
    7. distribute-rgt-neg-in100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \left(-6\right)}}} \]
    8. metadata-eval100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot \color{blue}{-6}}} \]
  3. Simplified100.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1.3333333333333333}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}}} \]
    2. div-inv100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}} \]
    3. associate-*l*100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6}}\right)} \]
    4. pow1/2100.0%

      \[\leadsto 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}^{0.5}}}\right) \]
    5. pow-flip98.5%

      \[\leadsto 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}^{\left(-0.5\right)}}\right) \]
    6. +-commutative98.5%

      \[\leadsto 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6 + 2\right)}}^{\left(-0.5\right)}\right) \]
    7. associate-*l*98.5%

      \[\leadsto 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot {\left(\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(v \cdot -6\right)} + 2\right)}^{\left(-0.5\right)}\right) \]
    8. fma-def98.5%

      \[\leadsto 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}}^{\left(-0.5\right)}\right) \]
    9. metadata-eval98.5%

      \[\leadsto 1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{-0.5}}\right) \]
  5. Applied egg-rr98.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1.3333333333333333 \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r*98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}\right) \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}} \]
    2. associate-*r/100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1.3333333333333333 \cdot 1}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5} \]
    3. metadata-eval100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1.3333333333333333}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5} \]
    4. associate-*l/98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1.3333333333333333 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
  7. Simplified98.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1.3333333333333333 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-sqr-sqrt98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{1.3333333333333333 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}} \cdot \sqrt{1.3333333333333333 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    2. sqrt-unprod98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right) \cdot \left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    3. swap-sqr98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(1.3333333333333333 \cdot 1.3333333333333333\right) \cdot \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    4. metadata-eval98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{1.7777777777777777} \cdot \left({\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    5. fma-udef98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \left({\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(v \cdot -6\right) + 2\right)}}^{-0.5} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    6. associate-*l*98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \left({\left(\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6} + 2\right)}^{-0.5} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    7. +-commutative98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \left({\color{blue}{\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}}^{-0.5} \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    8. fma-udef98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \left({\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}^{-0.5} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(v \cdot -6\right) + 2\right)}}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    9. associate-*l*98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \left({\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}^{-0.5} \cdot {\left(\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6} + 2\right)}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    10. +-commutative98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \left({\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}^{-0.5} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}}^{-0.5}\right)}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    11. pow-prod-up98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(2 + \left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6\right)}^{\left(-0.5 + -0.5\right)}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    12. +-commutative98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\left(v \cdot v\right) \cdot -6 + 2\right)}}^{\left(-0.5 + -0.5\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    13. associate-*l*98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot {\left(\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(v \cdot -6\right)} + 2\right)}^{\left(-0.5 + -0.5\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    14. fma-udef98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}}^{\left(-0.5 + -0.5\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    15. metadata-eval98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{-1}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr98.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot {\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)\right)}^{-1}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow-198.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{1.7777777777777777 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    2. associate-*r/98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1.7777777777777777 \cdot 1}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
    3. metadata-eval98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1.7777777777777777}}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
  11. Simplified98.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1.7777777777777777}{\mathsf{fma}\left(v, v \cdot -6, 2\right)}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
  12. Taylor expanded in v around 0 97.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{0.8888888888888888}}}{\pi \cdot \left(1 - v \cdot v\right)} \]
  13. Taylor expanded in v around 0 97.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{0.8888888888888888}}{\pi}} \]
  14. Final simplification97.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{0.8888888888888888}}{\pi} \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023217 
(FPCore (v)
  :name "Falkner and Boettcher, Equation (22+)"
  :precision binary64
  (/ 4.0 (* (* (* 3.0 PI) (- 1.0 (* v v))) (sqrt (- 2.0 (* 6.0 (* v v)))))))