Maksimov and Kolovsky, Equation (32)

Percentage Accurate: 76.1% → 96.4%
Time: 28.1s
Alternatives: 8
Speedup: 2.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M))
  (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - fabs((m - n)))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos((((k * (m + n)) / 2.0d0) - m_1)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) - (l - abs((m - n)))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * Math.exp((-Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - Math.abs((m - n)))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * math.exp((-math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - math.fabs((m - n)))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(K * Float64(m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp(Float64(Float64(-(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)) - Float64(l - abs(Float64(m - n))))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) - (l - abs((m - n)))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(K * N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[((-N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]) - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 8 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 76.1% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M))
  (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - fabs((m - n)))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos((((k * (m + n)) / 2.0d0) - m_1)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) - (l - abs((m - n)))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * Math.exp((-Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - Math.abs((m - n)))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * math.exp((-math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) - (l - math.fabs((m - n)))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(Float64(Float64(Float64(K * Float64(m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp(Float64(Float64(-(Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0)) - Float64(l - abs(Float64(m - n))))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos((((K * (m + n)) / 2.0) - M)) * exp((-((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) - (l - abs((m - n)))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(N[(N[(K * N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Exp[N[((-N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]) - N[(l - N[Abs[N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 96.4% accurate, 0.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + \left(m - n\right)\right)}\\ \frac{\cos M}{{\left(e^{{t_0}^{2}}\right)}^{t_0}} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (cbrt (+ (pow (- (* (+ m n) 0.5) M) 2.0) (+ l (- m n))))))
   (/ (cos M) (pow (exp (pow t_0 2.0)) t_0))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = cbrt((pow((((m + n) * 0.5) - M), 2.0) + (l + (m - n))));
	return cos(M) / pow(exp(pow(t_0, 2.0)), t_0);
}
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double t_0 = Math.cbrt((Math.pow((((m + n) * 0.5) - M), 2.0) + (l + (m - n))));
	return Math.cos(M) / Math.pow(Math.exp(Math.pow(t_0, 2.0)), t_0);
}
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	t_0 = cbrt(Float64((Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) * 0.5) - M) ^ 2.0) + Float64(l + Float64(m - n))))
	return Float64(cos(M) / (exp((t_0 ^ 2.0)) ^ t_0))
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[Power[N[(N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(l + N[(m - n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Power[N[Exp[N[Power[t$95$0, 2.0], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + \left(m - n\right)\right)}\\
\frac{\cos M}{{\left(e^{{t_0}^{2}}\right)}^{t_0}}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 76.0%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Simplified76.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos \left(K \cdot \frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}} \]
  3. Taylor expanded in K around 0 95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg95.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  5. Simplified95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-cube-cbrt95.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}}} \]
    2. exp-prod95.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right)}}} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}}} \]
  8. Final simplification95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{{\left(e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + \left(m - n\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + \left(m - n\right)\right)}\right)}} \]

Alternative 2: 96.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\cos M}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (cos M) (exp (+ (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0) (- l (fabs (- n m)))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos(M) / exp((pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) + (l - fabs((n - m)))));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos(m_1) / exp((((((m + n) / 2.0d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) + (l - abs((n - m)))))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos(M) / Math.exp((Math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) + (l - Math.abs((n - m)))));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos(M) / math.exp((math.pow((((m + n) / 2.0) - M), 2.0) + (l - math.fabs((n - m)))))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(M) / exp(Float64((Float64(Float64(Float64(m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) + Float64(l - abs(Float64(n - m))))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos(M) / exp((((((m + n) / 2.0) - M) ^ 2.0) + (l - abs((n - m)))));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(N[Power[N[(N[(N[(m + n), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(l - N[Abs[N[(n - m), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\cos M}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 76.0%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Simplified76.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos \left(K \cdot \frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}} \]
  3. Taylor expanded in K around 0 95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg95.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  5. Simplified95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  6. Final simplification95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]

Alternative 3: 91.2% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -1.5 \cdot 10^{+41}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{m + {\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{{\left(n \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - n\right)}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= m -1.5e+41)
   (/ (cos M) (exp (+ m (pow (- (* m 0.5) M) 2.0))))
   (/ (cos M) (exp (+ (pow (- (* n 0.5) M) 2.0) (- l n))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -1.5e+41) {
		tmp = cos(M) / exp((m + pow(((m * 0.5) - M), 2.0)));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) / exp((pow(((n * 0.5) - M), 2.0) + (l - n)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (m <= (-1.5d+41)) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) / exp((m + (((m * 0.5d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0)))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) / exp(((((n * 0.5d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) + (l - n)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -1.5e+41) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) / Math.exp((m + Math.pow(((m * 0.5) - M), 2.0)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) / Math.exp((Math.pow(((n * 0.5) - M), 2.0) + (l - n)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if m <= -1.5e+41:
		tmp = math.cos(M) / math.exp((m + math.pow(((m * 0.5) - M), 2.0)))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) / math.exp((math.pow(((n * 0.5) - M), 2.0) + (l - n)))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (m <= -1.5e+41)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) / exp(Float64(m + (Float64(Float64(m * 0.5) - M) ^ 2.0))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) / exp(Float64((Float64(Float64(n * 0.5) - M) ^ 2.0) + Float64(l - n))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (m <= -1.5e+41)
		tmp = cos(M) / exp((m + (((m * 0.5) - M) ^ 2.0)));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((((n * 0.5) - M) ^ 2.0) + (l - n)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[m, -1.5e+41], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(m + N[Power[N[(N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(N[Power[N[(N[(n * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(l - n), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;m \leq -1.5 \cdot 10^{+41}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{m + {\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2}}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{{\left(n \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - n\right)}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if m < -1.4999999999999999e41

    1. Initial program 88.3%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified88.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos \left(K \cdot \frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}} \]
    3. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    5. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cube-cbrt100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}}} \]
      2. exp-prod100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right)}}} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}}} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{1}^{0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow-base-1100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{1} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}} \]
      2. *-lft-identity100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
    10. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in l around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + m}}} \]

    if -1.4999999999999999e41 < m

    1. Initial program 72.3%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified72.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos \left(K \cdot \frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}} \]
    3. Taylor expanded in K around 0 94.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg94.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    5. Simplified94.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cube-cbrt94.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}}} \]
      2. exp-prod94.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right)}}} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr94.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}}} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in m around 0 88.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{\left(\left({\left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right)}^{2} + \ell\right) - n\right) \cdot {1}^{0.3333333333333333}}}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow-base-188.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(\left({\left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right)}^{2} + \ell\right) - n\right) \cdot \color{blue}{1}}} \]
      2. *-rgt-identity88.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{\left({\left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right)}^{2} + \ell\right) - n}}} \]
      3. associate--l+88.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{{\left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - n\right)}}} \]
    10. Simplified88.1%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{\left(0.5 \cdot n - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - n\right)}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification90.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -1.5 \cdot 10^{+41}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{m + {\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{{\left(n \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - n\right)}}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 4: 86.0% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -0.0058:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{m + {\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(m + \ell\right) + M \cdot M}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= m -0.0058)
   (/ (cos M) (exp (+ m (pow (- (* m 0.5) M) 2.0))))
   (/ (cos M) (exp (+ (+ m l) (* M M))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -0.0058) {
		tmp = cos(M) / exp((m + pow(((m * 0.5) - M), 2.0)));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((m + l) + (M * M)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (m <= (-0.0058d0)) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) / exp((m + (((m * 0.5d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0)))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) / exp(((m + l) + (m_1 * m_1)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -0.0058) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) / Math.exp((m + Math.pow(((m * 0.5) - M), 2.0)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) / Math.exp(((m + l) + (M * M)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if m <= -0.0058:
		tmp = math.cos(M) / math.exp((m + math.pow(((m * 0.5) - M), 2.0)))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) / math.exp(((m + l) + (M * M)))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (m <= -0.0058)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) / exp(Float64(m + (Float64(Float64(m * 0.5) - M) ^ 2.0))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) / exp(Float64(Float64(m + l) + Float64(M * M))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (m <= -0.0058)
		tmp = cos(M) / exp((m + (((m * 0.5) - M) ^ 2.0)));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((m + l) + (M * M)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[m, -0.0058], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(m + N[Power[N[(N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(N[(m + l), $MachinePrecision] + N[(M * M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;m \leq -0.0058:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{m + {\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2}}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(m + \ell\right) + M \cdot M}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if m < -0.0058

    1. Initial program 85.3%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified85.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos \left(K \cdot \frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}} \]
    3. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    5. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cube-cbrt100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}}} \]
      2. exp-prod100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right)}}} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}}} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{1}^{0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow-base-1100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{1} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}} \]
      2. *-lft-identity100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
    10. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in l around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + m}}} \]

    if -0.0058 < m

    1. Initial program 72.2%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified72.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos \left(K \cdot \frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}} \]
    3. Taylor expanded in K around 0 93.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg93.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    5. Simplified93.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cube-cbrt93.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}}} \]
      2. exp-prod93.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right)}}} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr93.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}}} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 85.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{1}^{0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow-base-185.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{1} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}} \]
      2. *-lft-identity85.5%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
    10. Simplified85.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in m around 0 85.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{{M}^{2}} + \left(\ell + m\right)}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow285.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{M \cdot M} + \left(\ell + m\right)}} \]
    13. Simplified85.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{M \cdot M} + \left(\ell + m\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification89.4%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -0.0058:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{m + {\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(m + \ell\right) + M \cdot M}}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 5: 87.1% accurate, 1.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\cos M}{e^{{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(m + \ell\right)}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (cos M) (exp (+ (pow (- (* m 0.5) M) 2.0) (+ m l)))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos(M) / exp((pow(((m * 0.5) - M), 2.0) + (m + l)));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos(m_1) / exp(((((m * 0.5d0) - m_1) ** 2.0d0) + (m + l)))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos(M) / Math.exp((Math.pow(((m * 0.5) - M), 2.0) + (m + l)));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos(M) / math.exp((math.pow(((m * 0.5) - M), 2.0) + (m + l)))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(M) / exp(Float64((Float64(Float64(m * 0.5) - M) ^ 2.0) + Float64(m + l))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos(M) / exp(((((m * 0.5) - M) ^ 2.0) + (m + l)));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(N[Power[N[(N[(m * 0.5), $MachinePrecision] - M), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision] + N[(m + l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\cos M}{e^{{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(m + \ell\right)}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 76.0%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Simplified76.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos \left(K \cdot \frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}} \]
  3. Taylor expanded in K around 0 95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg95.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  5. Simplified95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-cube-cbrt95.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}}} \]
    2. exp-prod95.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right)}}} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 89.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{1}^{0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. pow-base-189.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{1} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}} \]
    2. *-lft-identity89.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
  10. Simplified89.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
  11. Final simplification89.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{{\left(m \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(m + \ell\right)}} \]

Alternative 6: 85.0% accurate, 2.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(m + \ell\right) + 0.25 \cdot \left(m \cdot m\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(m + \ell\right) + M \cdot M}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= m -5e+26)
   (/ (cos M) (exp (+ (+ m l) (* 0.25 (* m m)))))
   (/ (cos M) (exp (+ (+ m l) (* M M))))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -5e+26) {
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((m + l) + (0.25 * (m * m))));
	} else {
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((m + l) + (M * M)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8) :: tmp
    if (m <= (-5d+26)) then
        tmp = cos(m_1) / exp(((m + l) + (0.25d0 * (m * m))))
    else
        tmp = cos(m_1) / exp(((m + l) + (m_1 * m_1)))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	double tmp;
	if (m <= -5e+26) {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) / Math.exp(((m + l) + (0.25 * (m * m))));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cos(M) / Math.exp(((m + l) + (M * M)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	tmp = 0
	if m <= -5e+26:
		tmp = math.cos(M) / math.exp(((m + l) + (0.25 * (m * m))))
	else:
		tmp = math.cos(M) / math.exp(((m + l) + (M * M)))
	return tmp
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (m <= -5e+26)
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) / exp(Float64(Float64(m + l) + Float64(0.25 * Float64(m * m)))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(cos(M) / exp(Float64(Float64(m + l) + Float64(M * M))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if (m <= -5e+26)
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((m + l) + (0.25 * (m * m))));
	else
		tmp = cos(M) / exp(((m + l) + (M * M)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := If[LessEqual[m, -5e+26], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(N[(m + l), $MachinePrecision] + N[(0.25 * N[(m * m), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(N[(m + l), $MachinePrecision] + N[(M * M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;m \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(m + \ell\right) + 0.25 \cdot \left(m \cdot m\right)}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(m + \ell\right) + M \cdot M}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if m < -5.0000000000000001e26

    1. Initial program 86.4%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified86.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos \left(K \cdot \frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}} \]
    3. Taylor expanded in K around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    5. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cube-cbrt100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}}} \]
      2. exp-prod100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right)}}} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}}} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{1}^{0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow-base-1100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{1} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}} \]
      2. *-lft-identity100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
    10. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in M around 0 100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{\ell + \left(m + 0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}\right)}}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-+r+100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\ell + m\right) + 0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}}} \]
      2. +-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{\left(m + \ell\right)} + 0.25 \cdot {m}^{2}}} \]
      3. unpow2100.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(m + \ell\right) + 0.25 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(m \cdot m\right)}}} \]
    13. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{\left(m + \ell\right) + 0.25 \cdot \left(m \cdot m\right)}}} \]

    if -5.0000000000000001e26 < m

    1. Initial program 72.4%

      \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
    2. Simplified72.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos \left(K \cdot \frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}} \]
    3. Taylor expanded in K around 0 93.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. cos-neg93.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    5. Simplified93.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cube-cbrt93.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}}} \]
      2. exp-prod93.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right)}}} \]
    7. Applied egg-rr93.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}}} \]
    8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 86.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{1}^{0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow-base-186.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{1} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}} \]
      2. *-lft-identity86.2%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
    10. Simplified86.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
    11. Taylor expanded in m around 0 84.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{{M}^{2}} + \left(\ell + m\right)}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow284.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{M \cdot M} + \left(\ell + m\right)}} \]
    13. Simplified84.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{M \cdot M} + \left(\ell + m\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification88.6%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;m \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+26}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(m + \ell\right) + 0.25 \cdot \left(m \cdot m\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos M}{e^{\left(m + \ell\right) + M \cdot M}}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 7: 69.8% accurate, 2.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\cos M}{e^{\ell + M \cdot M}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l) :precision binary64 (/ (cos M) (exp (+ l (* M M)))))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos(M) / exp((l + (M * M)));
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos(m_1) / exp((l + (m_1 * m_1)))
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos(M) / Math.exp((l + (M * M)));
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos(M) / math.exp((l + (M * M)))
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return Float64(cos(M) / exp(Float64(l + Float64(M * M))))
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos(M) / exp((l + (M * M)));
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[(N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision] / N[Exp[N[(l + N[(M * M), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\cos M}{e^{\ell + M \cdot M}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 76.0%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Simplified76.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos \left(K \cdot \frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}} \]
  3. Taylor expanded in K around 0 95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg95.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  5. Simplified95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-cube-cbrt95.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}}} \]
    2. exp-prod95.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right)}}} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in n around 0 89.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{1}^{0.3333333333333333} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. pow-base-189.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{1} \cdot \left({\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)\right)}} \]
    2. *-lft-identity89.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
  10. Simplified89.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{{\left(0.5 \cdot m - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell + m\right)}}} \]
  11. Taylor expanded in m around 0 74.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{\ell + {M}^{2}}}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative74.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{{M}^{2} + \ell}}} \]
    2. unpow274.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{M \cdot M} + \ell}} \]
  13. Simplified74.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{e^{M \cdot M + \ell}}} \]
  14. Final simplification74.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\ell + M \cdot M}} \]

Alternative 8: 7.0% accurate, 4.2× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \cos M \end{array} \]
(FPCore (K m n M l) :precision binary64 (cos M))
double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return cos(M);
}
real(8) function code(k, m, n, m_1, l)
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8), intent (in) :: m
    real(8), intent (in) :: n
    real(8), intent (in) :: m_1
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    code = cos(m_1)
end function
public static double code(double K, double m, double n, double M, double l) {
	return Math.cos(M);
}
def code(K, m, n, M, l):
	return math.cos(M)
function code(K, m, n, M, l)
	return cos(M)
end
function tmp = code(K, m, n, M, l)
	tmp = cos(M);
end
code[K_, m_, n_, M_, l_] := N[Cos[M], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\cos M
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 76.0%

    \[\cos \left(\frac{K \cdot \left(m + n\right)}{2} - M\right) \cdot e^{\left(-{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2}\right) - \left(\ell - \left|m - n\right|\right)} \]
  2. Simplified76.0%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\cos \left(K \cdot \frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}} \]
  3. Taylor expanded in K around 0 95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos \left(-M\right)}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. cos-neg95.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  5. Simplified95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\cos M}}{e^{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-cube-cbrt95.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{e^{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}}} \]
    2. exp-prod95.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\frac{m + n}{2} - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left|n - m\right|\right)}\right)}}} \]
  7. Applied egg-rr95.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}^{2}}\right)}^{\left(\sqrt[3]{{\left(\left(m + n\right) \cdot 0.5 - M\right)}^{2} + \left(\ell - \left(n - m\right)\right)}\right)}}} \]
  8. Taylor expanded in m around inf 5.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\cos M}{\color{blue}{1}} \]
  9. Final simplification5.5%

    \[\leadsto \cos M \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023217 
(FPCore (K m n M l)
  :name "Maksimov and Kolovsky, Equation (32)"
  :precision binary64
  (* (cos (- (/ (* K (+ m n)) 2.0) M)) (exp (- (- (pow (- (/ (+ m n) 2.0) M) 2.0)) (- l (fabs (- m n)))))))