Migdal et al, Equation (51)

Percentage Accurate: 99.4% → 99.4%
Time: 14.0s
Alternatives: 11
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt k)) (pow (* (* 2.0 PI) n) (/ (- 1.0 k) 2.0))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return (1.0 / sqrt(k)) * pow(((2.0 * ((double) M_PI)) * n), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return (1.0 / Math.sqrt(k)) * Math.pow(((2.0 * Math.PI) * n), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
}
def code(k, n):
	return (1.0 / math.sqrt(k)) * math.pow(((2.0 * math.pi) * n), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0))
function code(k, n)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / sqrt(k)) * (Float64(Float64(2.0 * pi) * n) ^ Float64(Float64(1.0 - k) / 2.0)))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = (1.0 / sqrt(k)) * (((2.0 * pi) * n) ^ ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[(N[(1.0 / N[Sqrt[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[N[(N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * n), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(1.0 - k), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 11 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 99.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt k)) (pow (* (* 2.0 PI) n) (/ (- 1.0 k) 2.0))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return (1.0 / sqrt(k)) * pow(((2.0 * ((double) M_PI)) * n), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return (1.0 / Math.sqrt(k)) * Math.pow(((2.0 * Math.PI) * n), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
}
def code(k, n):
	return (1.0 / math.sqrt(k)) * math.pow(((2.0 * math.pi) * n), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0))
function code(k, n)
	return Float64(Float64(1.0 / sqrt(k)) * (Float64(Float64(2.0 * pi) * n) ^ Float64(Float64(1.0 - k) / 2.0)))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = (1.0 / sqrt(k)) * (((2.0 * pi) * n) ^ ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[(N[(1.0 / N[Sqrt[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[N[(N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * n), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(1.0 - k), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.4% accurate, 0.6× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi\\ \frac{\sqrt{t_0}}{\sqrt{k \cdot {t_0}^{k}}} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (* 2.0 n) PI))) (/ (sqrt t_0) (sqrt (* k (pow t_0 k))))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	double t_0 = (2.0 * n) * ((double) M_PI);
	return sqrt(t_0) / sqrt((k * pow(t_0, k)));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	double t_0 = (2.0 * n) * Math.PI;
	return Math.sqrt(t_0) / Math.sqrt((k * Math.pow(t_0, k)));
}
def code(k, n):
	t_0 = (2.0 * n) * math.pi
	return math.sqrt(t_0) / math.sqrt((k * math.pow(t_0, k)))
function code(k, n)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(2.0 * n) * pi)
	return Float64(sqrt(t_0) / sqrt(Float64(k * (t_0 ^ k))))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	t_0 = (2.0 * n) * pi;
	tmp = sqrt(t_0) / sqrt((k * (t_0 ^ k)));
end
code[k_, n_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(2.0 * n), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[Sqrt[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[N[(k * N[Power[t$95$0, k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi\\
\frac{\sqrt{t_0}}{\sqrt{k \cdot {t_0}^{k}}}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-sub99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{2} - \frac{k}{2}\right)}} \]
    2. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\color{blue}{0.5} - \frac{k}{2}\right)} \]
    3. pow-sub99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{0.5}}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{k}{2}\right)}}} \]
    4. pow1/299.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n}}}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{k}{2}\right)}} \]
    5. associate-*l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{k}{2}\right)}} \]
    6. associate-*l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{k}{2}\right)}} \]
    7. div-inv99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{\left(k \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)}}} \]
    8. metadata-eval99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right)}} \]
  3. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n}}}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}} \]
    2. associate-*r*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n}}{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}} \]
  5. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n}}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u96.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n}}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef84.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n}}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. frac-times84.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \sqrt{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}}\right)} - 1 \]
    4. *-un-lft-identity84.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n}}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}\right)} - 1 \]
    5. associate-*r*84.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}\right)} - 1 \]
    6. associate-*r*84.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}\right)} - 1 \]
  7. Applied egg-rr84.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}\right)} - 1} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def96.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}} \]
    3. associate-*r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n}}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}} \]
    4. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}} \]
    5. associate-*r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}} \]
    6. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}} \]
  9. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u96.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\sqrt{n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef84.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\sqrt{n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. pow1/284.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\sqrt{n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}}{\color{blue}{{k}^{0.5}} \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(k \cdot 0.5\right)}}\right)} - 1 \]
    4. pow-unpow84.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\sqrt{n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}}{{k}^{0.5} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left({\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{k}\right)}^{0.5}}}\right)} - 1 \]
    5. pow-prod-down84.1%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\sqrt{n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}}{\color{blue}{{\left(k \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{k}\right)}^{0.5}}}\right)} - 1 \]
  11. Applied egg-rr84.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\sqrt{n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(k \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{k}\right)}^{0.5}}\right)} - 1} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def96.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\sqrt{n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(k \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{k}\right)}^{0.5}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p99.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}}{{\left(k \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{k}\right)}^{0.5}}} \]
    3. associate-*r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi}}}{{\left(k \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{k}\right)}^{0.5}} \]
    4. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right)} \cdot \pi}}{{\left(k \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{k}\right)}^{0.5}} \]
    5. unpow1/299.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi}}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{k \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{k}}}} \]
    6. associate-*r*99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{k \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\left(n \cdot 2\right) \cdot \pi\right)}}^{k}}} \]
    7. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{k \cdot {\left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right)} \cdot \pi\right)}^{k}}} \]
  13. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{k \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{k}}}} \]
  14. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{k \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{k}}} \]

Alternative 2: 99.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sqrt{\frac{1}{k}} \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (* (sqrt (/ 1.0 k)) (pow (* n (* 2.0 PI)) (/ (- 1.0 k) 2.0))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return sqrt((1.0 / k)) * pow((n * (2.0 * ((double) M_PI))), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.sqrt((1.0 / k)) * Math.pow((n * (2.0 * Math.PI)), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.sqrt((1.0 / k)) * math.pow((n * (2.0 * math.pi)), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0))
function code(k, n)
	return Float64(sqrt(Float64(1.0 / k)) * (Float64(n * Float64(2.0 * pi)) ^ Float64(Float64(1.0 - k) / 2.0)))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = sqrt((1.0 / k)) * ((n * (2.0 * pi)) ^ ((1.0 - k) / 2.0));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[(N[Sqrt[N[(1.0 / k), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[N[(n * N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(1.0 - k), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sqrt{\frac{1}{k}} \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-sqr-sqrt99.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}}\right)} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. sqrt-unprod99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    3. frac-times99.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 1}{\sqrt{k} \cdot \sqrt{k}}}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    4. metadata-eval99.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\sqrt{k} \cdot \sqrt{k}}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    5. add-sqr-sqrt99.6%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{1}{\color{blue}{k}}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  3. Applied egg-rr99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{k}}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  4. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{1}{k}} \cdot {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]

Alternative 3: 99.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot {k}^{-0.5} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (* (pow (* n (* 2.0 PI)) (/ (- 1.0 k) 2.0)) (pow k -0.5)))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return pow((n * (2.0 * ((double) M_PI))), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0)) * pow(k, -0.5);
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.pow((n * (2.0 * Math.PI)), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0)) * Math.pow(k, -0.5);
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.pow((n * (2.0 * math.pi)), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0)) * math.pow(k, -0.5)
function code(k, n)
	return Float64((Float64(n * Float64(2.0 * pi)) ^ Float64(Float64(1.0 - k) / 2.0)) * (k ^ -0.5))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = ((n * (2.0 * pi)) ^ ((1.0 - k) / 2.0)) * (k ^ -0.5);
end
code[k_, n_] := N[(N[Power[N[(n * N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(1.0 - k), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * N[Power[k, -0.5], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot {k}^{-0.5}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u95.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}\right)\right)} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef70.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}\right)} - 1\right)} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    3. inv-pow70.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt{k}\right)}^{-1}}\right)} - 1\right) \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    4. sqrt-pow270.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{{k}^{\left(\frac{-1}{2}\right)}}\right)} - 1\right) \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    5. metadata-eval70.7%

      \[\leadsto \left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left({k}^{\color{blue}{-0.5}}\right)} - 1\right) \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  3. Applied egg-rr70.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left({k}^{-0.5}\right)} - 1\right)} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def95.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left({k}^{-0.5}\right)\right)} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{k}^{-0.5}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  5. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{k}^{-0.5}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  6. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto {\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot {k}^{-0.5} \]

Alternative 4: 99.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (pow (* (* 2.0 n) PI) (/ (- 1.0 k) 2.0)) (sqrt k)))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return pow(((2.0 * n) * ((double) M_PI)), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0)) / sqrt(k);
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.pow(((2.0 * n) * Math.PI), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0)) / Math.sqrt(k);
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.pow(((2.0 * n) * math.pi), ((1.0 - k) / 2.0)) / math.sqrt(k)
function code(k, n)
	return Float64((Float64(Float64(2.0 * n) * pi) ^ Float64(Float64(1.0 - k) / 2.0)) / sqrt(k))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = (((2.0 * n) * pi) ^ ((1.0 - k) / 2.0)) / sqrt(k);
end
code[k_, n_] := N[(N[Power[N[(N[(2.0 * n), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(1.0 - k), $MachinePrecision] / 2.0), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    2. *-lft-identity99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    3. *-commutative99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 2\right)} \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    4. associate-*l*99.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{{\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \]
  3. Simplified99.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
  4. Final simplification99.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}} \]

Alternative 5: 38.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 6.2 \cdot 10^{+226}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n \cdot \pi}}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{1.5}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= k 6.2e+226)
   (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt (/ k (* n PI)))) (sqrt 2.0))
   (cbrt (pow (* 2.0 (* PI (/ n k))) 1.5))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	double tmp;
	if (k <= 6.2e+226) {
		tmp = (1.0 / sqrt((k / (n * ((double) M_PI))))) * sqrt(2.0);
	} else {
		tmp = cbrt(pow((2.0 * (((double) M_PI) * (n / k))), 1.5));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	double tmp;
	if (k <= 6.2e+226) {
		tmp = (1.0 / Math.sqrt((k / (n * Math.PI)))) * Math.sqrt(2.0);
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cbrt(Math.pow((2.0 * (Math.PI * (n / k))), 1.5));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(k, n)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (k <= 6.2e+226)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(1.0 / sqrt(Float64(k / Float64(n * pi)))) * sqrt(2.0));
	else
		tmp = cbrt((Float64(2.0 * Float64(pi * Float64(n / k))) ^ 1.5));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[k_, n_] := If[LessEqual[k, 6.2e+226], N[(N[(1.0 / N[Sqrt[N[(k / N[(n * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Power[N[Power[N[(2.0 * N[(Pi * N[(n / k), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1.5], $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;k \leq 6.2 \cdot 10^{+226}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n \cdot \pi}}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{1.5}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if k < 6.19999999999999952e226

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      2. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto {\left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 2\right)} \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      3. associate-*r*99.5%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      4. div-inv99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      5. expm1-log1p-u96.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)\right)} \]
      6. expm1-udef81.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. Applied egg-rr67.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-def82.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-log1p84.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
      3. associate-*r*84.0%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}} \]
    5. Simplified84.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in k around 0 47.2%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*47.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n}{\frac{k}{\pi}}}} \]
      2. associate-/r/47.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    8. Simplified47.2%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. pow1/247.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{0.5}} \]
      2. *-commutative47.2%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 2\right)}}^{0.5} \]
      3. unpow-prod-down47.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}^{0.5} \cdot {2}^{0.5}} \]
      4. pow1/247.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi}} \cdot {2}^{0.5} \]
      5. *-commutative47.1%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}}} \cdot {2}^{0.5} \]
      6. pow1/247.1%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}} \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{2}} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr47.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}} \cdot \sqrt{2}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. clear-num47.1%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{k}{n}}}} \cdot \sqrt{2} \]
      2. div-inv47.1%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{k}{n}}}} \cdot \sqrt{2} \]
      3. clear-num47.1%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\frac{k}{n}}{\pi}}}} \cdot \sqrt{2} \]
      4. sqrt-div47.8%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{1}}{\sqrt{\frac{\frac{k}{n}}{\pi}}}} \cdot \sqrt{2} \]
      5. metadata-eval47.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\sqrt{\frac{\frac{k}{n}}{\pi}}} \cdot \sqrt{2} \]
    12. Applied egg-rr47.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{\frac{k}{n}}{\pi}}}} \cdot \sqrt{2} \]
    13. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/r*47.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{k}{n \cdot \pi}}}} \cdot \sqrt{2} \]
    14. Simplified47.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n \cdot \pi}}}} \cdot \sqrt{2} \]

    if 6.19999999999999952e226 < k

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      2. *-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto {\left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 2\right)} \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      3. associate-*r*100.0%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      4. div-inv100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      5. expm1-log1p-u100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)\right)} \]
      6. expm1-udef100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. Applied egg-rr100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-def100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-log1p100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
      3. associate-*r*100.0%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}} \]
    5. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in k around 0 2.8%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*2.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n}{\frac{k}{\pi}}}} \]
      2. associate-/r/2.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    8. Simplified2.8%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cbrt-cube17.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}}} \]
      2. pow1/317.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333}} \]
      3. add-sqr-sqrt17.2%

        \[\leadsto {\left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333} \]
      4. pow117.2%

        \[\leadsto {\left(\color{blue}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{1}} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333} \]
      5. pow1/217.2%

        \[\leadsto {\left({\left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{1} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{0.5}}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333} \]
      6. pow-prod-up17.2%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left({\left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 + 0.5\right)}\right)}}^{0.3333333333333333} \]
      7. *-commutative17.2%

        \[\leadsto {\left({\left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)}\right)}^{\left(1 + 0.5\right)}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333} \]
      8. metadata-eval17.2%

        \[\leadsto {\left({\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{1.5}}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr17.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left({\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{1.5}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow1/317.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{1.5}}} \]
    12. Simplified17.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{1.5}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification43.9%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 6.2 \cdot 10^{+226}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n \cdot \pi}}} \cdot \sqrt{2}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{1.5}}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 6: 88.0% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ {\left(\frac{k}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}\right)}^{-0.5} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (pow (/ k (pow (* (* 2.0 n) PI) (- 1.0 k))) -0.5))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return pow((k / pow(((2.0 * n) * ((double) M_PI)), (1.0 - k))), -0.5);
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.pow((k / Math.pow(((2.0 * n) * Math.PI), (1.0 - k))), -0.5);
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.pow((k / math.pow(((2.0 * n) * math.pi), (1.0 - k))), -0.5)
function code(k, n)
	return Float64(k / (Float64(Float64(2.0 * n) * pi) ^ Float64(1.0 - k))) ^ -0.5
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = (k / (((2.0 * n) * pi) ^ (1.0 - k))) ^ -0.5;
end
code[k_, n_] := N[Power[N[(k / N[Power[N[(N[(2.0 * n), $MachinePrecision] * Pi), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 - k), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -0.5], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
{\left(\frac{k}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}\right)}^{-0.5}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 2\right)} \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. associate-*r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    3. associate-/r/99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{k}}{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}}} \]
    4. add-sqr-sqrt99.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{k}}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}}}} \]
    5. sqrt-unprod99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{k}}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}}}} \]
    6. associate-*r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\pi \cdot 2\right) \cdot n\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}}} \]
    7. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{{\left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}}} \]
    8. associate-*r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\left(\pi \cdot 2\right) \cdot n\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}}} \]
    9. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}}} \]
    10. pow-prod-up99.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2} + \frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}}}} \]
  3. Applied egg-rr99.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}}}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in n around 0 83.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{e^{\left(1 - k\right) \cdot \left(\log n + \log \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}}}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. +-commutative83.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{e^{\left(1 - k\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(2 \cdot \pi\right) + \log n\right)}}}}} \]
    2. exp-prod83.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{1 - k}\right)}^{\left(\log \left(2 \cdot \pi\right) + \log n\right)}}}}} \]
    3. log-prod83.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{{\left(e^{1 - k}\right)}^{\color{blue}{\log \left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}}}}} \]
    4. associate-*r*83.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{{\left(e^{1 - k}\right)}^{\log \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}}}}} \]
    5. *-commutative83.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{{\left(e^{1 - k}\right)}^{\log \left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}}}} \]
    6. exp-prod83.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{\color{blue}{e^{\left(1 - k\right) \cdot \log \left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}}}} \]
    7. *-commutative83.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - k\right)}}}}} \]
    8. exp-to-pow86.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{\color{blue}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(n \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}}}} \]
    9. *-commutative86.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(n \cdot \pi\right) \cdot 2\right)}}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}}} \]
    10. associate-*l*86.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{{\color{blue}{\left(n \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 2\right)\right)}}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}}} \]
    11. *-commutative86.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{{\left(n \cdot \color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}}} \]
  6. Simplified86.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}}}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u85.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef72.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}}}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. pow1/272.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{1}{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}\right)}^{0.5}}}\right)} - 1 \]
    4. pow-flip72.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}\right)}^{\left(-0.5\right)}}\right)} - 1 \]
    5. metadata-eval72.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left({\left(\frac{k}{{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}\right)}^{\color{blue}{-0.5}}\right)} - 1 \]
  8. Applied egg-rr72.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left({\left(\frac{k}{{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}\right)}^{-0.5}\right)} - 1} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def85.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left({\left(\frac{k}{{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}\right)}^{-0.5}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p86.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}\right)}^{-0.5}} \]
  10. Simplified86.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}\right)}^{-0.5}} \]
  11. Final simplification86.7%

    \[\leadsto {\left(\frac{k}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \pi\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}\right)}^{-0.5} \]

Alternative 7: 38.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 10^{+234}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{1.5}}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= k 1e+234)
   (/ (sqrt (* 2.0 PI)) (sqrt (/ k n)))
   (cbrt (pow (* 2.0 (* PI (/ n k))) 1.5))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	double tmp;
	if (k <= 1e+234) {
		tmp = sqrt((2.0 * ((double) M_PI))) / sqrt((k / n));
	} else {
		tmp = cbrt(pow((2.0 * (((double) M_PI) * (n / k))), 1.5));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	double tmp;
	if (k <= 1e+234) {
		tmp = Math.sqrt((2.0 * Math.PI)) / Math.sqrt((k / n));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.cbrt(Math.pow((2.0 * (Math.PI * (n / k))), 1.5));
	}
	return tmp;
}
function code(k, n)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (k <= 1e+234)
		tmp = Float64(sqrt(Float64(2.0 * pi)) / sqrt(Float64(k / n)));
	else
		tmp = cbrt((Float64(2.0 * Float64(pi * Float64(n / k))) ^ 1.5));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[k_, n_] := If[LessEqual[k, 1e+234], N[(N[Sqrt[N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[N[(k / n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Power[N[Power[N[(2.0 * N[(Pi * N[(n / k), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], 1.5], $MachinePrecision], 1/3], $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;k \leq 10^{+234}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n}}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{1.5}}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if k < 1.00000000000000002e234

    1. Initial program 99.5%

      \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      2. *-commutative99.5%

        \[\leadsto {\left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 2\right)} \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      3. associate-*r*99.5%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      4. div-inv99.5%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      5. expm1-log1p-u96.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)\right)} \]
      6. expm1-udef81.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. Applied egg-rr67.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-def82.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-log1p84.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
      3. associate-*r*84.2%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}} \]
    5. Simplified84.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in k around 0 46.8%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*46.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n}{\frac{k}{\pi}}}} \]
      2. associate-/r/46.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    8. Simplified46.8%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    9. Taylor expanded in n around 0 46.8%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    10. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative46.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot n}}{k}} \]
      2. associate-/l*46.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{k}{n}}}} \]
    11. Simplified46.8%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{k}{n}}}} \]
    12. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/46.8%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{\frac{k}{n}}}} \]
      2. sqrt-div47.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n}}}} \]
    13. Applied egg-rr47.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n}}}} \]

    if 1.00000000000000002e234 < k

    1. Initial program 100.0%

      \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      2. *-commutative100.0%

        \[\leadsto {\left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 2\right)} \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      3. associate-*r*100.0%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
      4. div-inv100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
      5. expm1-log1p-u100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)\right)} \]
      6. expm1-udef100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. Applied egg-rr100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. expm1-def100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)\right)} \]
      2. expm1-log1p100.0%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
      3. associate-*r*100.0%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}} \]
    5. Simplified100.0%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in k around 0 2.9%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-/l*2.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n}{\frac{k}{\pi}}}} \]
      2. associate-/r/2.9%

        \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    8. Simplified2.9%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
    9. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cbrt-cube18.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}}} \]
      2. pow1/318.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}\right) \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333}} \]
      3. add-sqr-sqrt18.2%

        \[\leadsto {\left(\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333} \]
      4. pow118.2%

        \[\leadsto {\left(\color{blue}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{1}} \cdot \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333} \]
      5. pow1/218.2%

        \[\leadsto {\left({\left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{1} \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{0.5}}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333} \]
      6. pow-prod-up18.2%

        \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left({\left(2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 + 0.5\right)}\right)}}^{0.3333333333333333} \]
      7. *-commutative18.2%

        \[\leadsto {\left({\left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)}\right)}^{\left(1 + 0.5\right)}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333} \]
      8. metadata-eval18.2%

        \[\leadsto {\left({\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{\color{blue}{1.5}}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333} \]
    10. Applied egg-rr18.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left({\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{1.5}\right)}^{0.3333333333333333}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow1/318.2%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{1.5}}} \]
    12. Simplified18.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{1.5}}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification43.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 10^{+234}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt[3]{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)\right)}^{1.5}}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 8: 87.4% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sqrt{\frac{{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n)
 :precision binary64
 (sqrt (/ (pow (* n (* 2.0 PI)) (- 1.0 k)) k)))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return sqrt((pow((n * (2.0 * ((double) M_PI))), (1.0 - k)) / k));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.sqrt((Math.pow((n * (2.0 * Math.PI)), (1.0 - k)) / k));
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.sqrt((math.pow((n * (2.0 * math.pi)), (1.0 - k)) / k))
function code(k, n)
	return sqrt(Float64((Float64(n * Float64(2.0 * pi)) ^ Float64(1.0 - k)) / k))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = sqrt((((n * (2.0 * pi)) ^ (1.0 - k)) / k));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[Sqrt[N[(N[Power[N[(n * N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(1.0 - k), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / k), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sqrt{\frac{{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    2. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto {\left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 2\right)} \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    3. associate-*r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    4. div-inv99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    5. expm1-log1p-u96.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)\right)} \]
    6. expm1-udef84.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
  3. Applied egg-rr71.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def84.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p86.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
    3. associate-*r*86.1%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}} \]
  5. Simplified86.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
  6. Final simplification86.1%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\left(n \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}} \]

Alternative 9: 37.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n}}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n) :precision binary64 (/ (sqrt (* 2.0 PI)) (sqrt (/ k n))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return sqrt((2.0 * ((double) M_PI))) / sqrt((k / n));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.sqrt((2.0 * Math.PI)) / Math.sqrt((k / n));
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.sqrt((2.0 * math.pi)) / math.sqrt((k / n))
function code(k, n)
	return Float64(sqrt(Float64(2.0 * pi)) / sqrt(Float64(k / n)))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = sqrt((2.0 * pi)) / sqrt((k / n));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[(N[Sqrt[N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sqrt[N[(k / n), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    2. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto {\left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 2\right)} \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    3. associate-*r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    4. div-inv99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    5. expm1-log1p-u96.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)\right)} \]
    6. expm1-udef84.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
  3. Applied egg-rr71.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def84.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p86.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
    3. associate-*r*86.1%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}} \]
  5. Simplified86.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in k around 0 41.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*41.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n}{\frac{k}{\pi}}}} \]
    2. associate-/r/41.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  8. Simplified41.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in n around 0 41.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative41.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot n}}{k}} \]
    2. associate-/l*41.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{k}{n}}}} \]
  11. Simplified41.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{k}{n}}}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/41.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot \pi}{\frac{k}{n}}}} \]
    2. sqrt-div41.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n}}}} \]
  13. Applied egg-rr41.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n}}}} \]
  14. Final simplification41.8%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sqrt{2 \cdot \pi}}{\sqrt{\frac{k}{n}}} \]

Alternative 10: 37.4% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n) :precision binary64 (sqrt (* 2.0 (* PI (/ n k)))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return sqrt((2.0 * (((double) M_PI) * (n / k))));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.sqrt((2.0 * (Math.PI * (n / k))));
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.sqrt((2.0 * (math.pi * (n / k))))
function code(k, n)
	return sqrt(Float64(2.0 * Float64(pi * Float64(n / k))))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = sqrt((2.0 * (pi * (n / k))));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[Sqrt[N[(2.0 * N[(Pi * N[(n / k), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    2. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto {\left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 2\right)} \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    3. associate-*r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    4. div-inv99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    5. expm1-log1p-u96.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)\right)} \]
    6. expm1-udef84.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
  3. Applied egg-rr71.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def84.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p86.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
    3. associate-*r*86.1%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}} \]
  5. Simplified86.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in k around 0 41.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*41.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n}{\frac{k}{\pi}}}} \]
    2. associate-/r/41.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  8. Simplified41.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  9. Final simplification41.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)} \]

Alternative 11: 37.4% accurate, 1.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \sqrt{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{n}{k}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (k n) :precision binary64 (sqrt (* (* 2.0 PI) (/ n k))))
double code(double k, double n) {
	return sqrt(((2.0 * ((double) M_PI)) * (n / k)));
}
public static double code(double k, double n) {
	return Math.sqrt(((2.0 * Math.PI) * (n / k)));
}
def code(k, n):
	return math.sqrt(((2.0 * math.pi) * (n / k)))
function code(k, n)
	return sqrt(Float64(Float64(2.0 * pi) * Float64(n / k)))
end
function tmp = code(k, n)
	tmp = sqrt(((2.0 * pi) * (n / k)));
end
code[k_, n_] := N[Sqrt[N[(N[(2.0 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] * N[(n / k), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{n}{k}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 99.5%

    \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \cdot {\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    2. *-commutative99.5%

      \[\leadsto {\left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 2\right)} \cdot n\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    3. associate-*r*99.5%

      \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{k}} \]
    4. div-inv99.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}} \]
    5. expm1-log1p-u96.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)\right)} \]
    6. expm1-udef84.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{{\left(\pi \cdot \left(2 \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(\frac{1 - k}{2}\right)}}{\sqrt{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
  3. Applied egg-rr71.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)} - 1} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def84.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p86.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot n\right)\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
    3. associate-*r*86.1%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\frac{{\color{blue}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}} \]
  5. Simplified86.1%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot n\right)}^{\left(1 - k\right)}}{k}}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in k around 0 41.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/l*41.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n}{\frac{k}{\pi}}}} \]
    2. associate-/r/41.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  8. Simplified41.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\frac{n}{k} \cdot \pi\right)}} \]
  9. Taylor expanded in n around 0 41.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n \cdot \pi}{k}}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative41.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot n}}{k}} \]
    2. associate-/l*41.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{k}{n}}}} \]
  11. Simplified41.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{\frac{k}{n}}}} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u39.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{k}{n}}}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-udef37.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\frac{k}{n}}}\right)} - 1} \]
    3. div-inv37.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{k}{n}}\right)}}\right)} - 1 \]
    4. clear-num37.4%

      \[\leadsto e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{n}{k}}\right)}\right)} - 1 \]
  13. Applied egg-rr37.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)}\right)} - 1} \]
  14. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-def39.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)}\right)\right)} \]
    2. expm1-log1p41.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{2 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot \frac{n}{k}\right)}} \]
    3. associate-*r*41.5%

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{n}{k}}} \]
  15. Simplified41.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{n}{k}}} \]
  16. Final simplification41.5%

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{n}{k}} \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023214 
(FPCore (k n)
  :name "Migdal et al, Equation (51)"
  :precision binary64
  (* (/ 1.0 (sqrt k)) (pow (* (* 2.0 PI) n) (/ (- 1.0 k) 2.0))))