
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 9 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+ (/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (- (/ PI s))))) (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0))
(- s)))
float code(float u, float s) {
return logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf(-(((float) M_PI) / s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f)) * -s;
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(pi) / s))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0))) * Float32(-s)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp(-(single(pi) / s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))) * -s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{-\frac{\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right) \cdot \left(-s\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Final simplification99.0%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+ (* u 0.5) (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (+ -1.0 (+ 1.0 (/ PI s))))))))))
(- s)))
float code(float u, float s) {
return logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / ((u * 0.5f) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((-1.0f + (1.0f + (((float) M_PI) / s)))))))))) * -s;
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(0.5)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))))))) * Float32(-s)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / ((u * single(0.5)) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) + (single(pi) / s)))))))))) * -s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{u \cdot 0.5 + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{-1 + \left(1 + \frac{\pi}{s}\right)}}}\right) \cdot \left(-s\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.7%
expm1-log1p-u37.7%
Applied egg-rr37.7%
expm1-udef37.7%
log1p-udef37.7%
add-exp-log37.7%
Applied egg-rr37.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-out37.7%
div-inv37.7%
metadata-eval37.7%
metadata-eval37.7%
sub-neg37.7%
metadata-eval37.7%
Applied egg-rr37.7%
Final simplification37.7%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (log (+ -1.0 (/ 1.0 (+ (/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))) (* u 0.5))))) (- s)))
float code(float u, float s) {
return logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / (((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))) + (u * 0.5f))))) * -s;
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) + Float32(u * Float32(0.5)))))) * Float32(-s)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / (((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))) + (u * single(0.5)))))) * -s; end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}} + u \cdot 0.5}\right) \cdot \left(-s\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-out37.7%
div-inv37.7%
metadata-eval37.7%
metadata-eval37.7%
+-commutative37.7%
Applied egg-rr37.7%
Final simplification37.7%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (exp (log (log (+ -1.0 (/ 2.0 u))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -expf(logf(logf((-1.0f + (2.0f / u)))));
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = s * -exp(log(log(((-1.0e0) + (2.0e0 / u)))))
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-exp(log(log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(2.0) / u))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -exp(log(log((single(-1.0) + (single(2.0) / u))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-e^{\log \log \left(-1 + \frac{2}{u}\right)}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.0%
associate-+r+37.0%
unpow237.0%
unpow237.0%
times-frac37.0%
unpow137.0%
pow-plus37.0%
metadata-eval37.0%
Simplified37.0%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 37.3%
associate-*r*37.3%
neg-mul-137.3%
sub-neg37.3%
associate-*r/37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
Simplified37.3%
add-exp-log37.3%
+-commutative37.3%
Applied egg-rr37.3%
Final simplification37.3%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(/
(+ -1.0 (pow (/ 2.0 u) 3.0))
(+ (* (/ 2.0 u) (/ 2.0 u)) (+ 1.0 (/ 2.0 u))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(((-1.0f + powf((2.0f / u), 3.0f)) / (((2.0f / u) * (2.0f / u)) + (1.0f + (2.0f / u)))));
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = s * -log((((-1.0e0) + ((2.0e0 / u) ** 3.0e0)) / (((2.0e0 / u) * (2.0e0 / u)) + (1.0e0 + (2.0e0 / u)))))
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + (Float32(Float32(2.0) / u) ^ Float32(3.0))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) / u) * Float32(Float32(2.0) / u)) + Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(2.0) / u))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log(((single(-1.0) + ((single(2.0) / u) ^ single(3.0))) / (((single(2.0) / u) * (single(2.0) / u)) + (single(1.0) + (single(2.0) / u))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{-1 + {\left(\frac{2}{u}\right)}^{3}}{\frac{2}{u} \cdot \frac{2}{u} + \left(1 + \frac{2}{u}\right)}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.0%
associate-+r+37.0%
unpow237.0%
unpow237.0%
times-frac37.0%
unpow137.0%
pow-plus37.0%
metadata-eval37.0%
Simplified37.0%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 37.3%
associate-*r*37.3%
neg-mul-137.3%
sub-neg37.3%
associate-*r/37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
Simplified37.3%
flip3-+37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
Applied egg-rr37.3%
Final simplification37.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log (/ (+ -1.0 (* (/ 2.0 u) (/ 2.0 u))) (- (/ 2.0 u) -1.0))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(((-1.0f + ((2.0f / u) * (2.0f / u))) / ((2.0f / u) - -1.0f)));
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = s * -log((((-1.0e0) + ((2.0e0 / u) * (2.0e0 / u))) / ((2.0e0 / u) - (-1.0e0))))
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) / u) * Float32(Float32(2.0) / u))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) / u) - Float32(-1.0)))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log(((single(-1.0) + ((single(2.0) / u) * (single(2.0) / u))) / ((single(2.0) / u) - single(-1.0)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{-1 + \frac{2}{u} \cdot \frac{2}{u}}{\frac{2}{u} - -1}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.0%
associate-+r+37.0%
unpow237.0%
unpow237.0%
times-frac37.0%
unpow137.0%
pow-plus37.0%
metadata-eval37.0%
Simplified37.0%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 37.3%
associate-*r*37.3%
neg-mul-137.3%
sub-neg37.3%
associate-*r/37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
Simplified37.3%
flip-+37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
Applied egg-rr37.3%
Final simplification37.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (- (log (+ -1.0 (/ 2.0 u))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf((-1.0f + (2.0f / u)));
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = s * -log(((-1.0e0) + (2.0e0 / u)))
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(2.0) / u))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log((single(-1.0) + (single(2.0) / u))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(-1 + \frac{2}{u}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.0%
associate-+r+37.0%
unpow237.0%
unpow237.0%
times-frac37.0%
unpow137.0%
pow-plus37.0%
metadata-eval37.0%
Simplified37.0%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 37.3%
associate-*r*37.3%
neg-mul-137.3%
sub-neg37.3%
associate-*r/37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
Simplified37.3%
Final simplification37.3%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (/ 2.0 u))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((2.0f / u));
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = -s * log((2.0e0 / u))
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(2.0) / u))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(2.0) / u)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{2}{u}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 37.0%
associate-+r+37.0%
unpow237.0%
unpow237.0%
times-frac37.0%
unpow137.0%
pow-plus37.0%
metadata-eval37.0%
Simplified37.0%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 37.3%
associate-*r*37.3%
neg-mul-137.3%
sub-neg37.3%
associate-*r/37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
metadata-eval37.3%
Simplified37.3%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 37.2%
Final simplification37.2%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 99.0%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.0%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.0%
sub-neg99.0%
Simplified99.0%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 11.5%
mul-1-neg11.5%
Simplified11.5%
Final simplification11.5%
herbie shell --seed 2023207
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))