VandenBroeck and Keller, Equation (20)

Percentage Accurate: 6.7% → 96.9%
Time: 30.0s
Alternatives: 8
Speedup: 3.3×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f\\ t_1 := e^{t_0}\\ t_2 := e^{-t_0}\\ -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t_1 + t_2}{t_1 - t_2}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ PI 4.0) f)) (t_1 (exp t_0)) (t_2 (exp (- t_0))))
   (- (* (/ 1.0 (/ PI 4.0)) (log (/ (+ t_1 t_2) (- t_1 t_2)))))))
double code(double f) {
	double t_0 = (((double) M_PI) / 4.0) * f;
	double t_1 = exp(t_0);
	double t_2 = exp(-t_0);
	return -((1.0 / (((double) M_PI) / 4.0)) * log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
}
public static double code(double f) {
	double t_0 = (Math.PI / 4.0) * f;
	double t_1 = Math.exp(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.exp(-t_0);
	return -((1.0 / (Math.PI / 4.0)) * Math.log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
}
def code(f):
	t_0 = (math.pi / 4.0) * f
	t_1 = math.exp(t_0)
	t_2 = math.exp(-t_0)
	return -((1.0 / (math.pi / 4.0)) * math.log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))))
function code(f)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(pi / 4.0) * f)
	t_1 = exp(t_0)
	t_2 = exp(Float64(-t_0))
	return Float64(-Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(pi / 4.0)) * log(Float64(Float64(t_1 + t_2) / Float64(t_1 - t_2)))))
end
function tmp = code(f)
	t_0 = (pi / 4.0) * f;
	t_1 = exp(t_0);
	t_2 = exp(-t_0);
	tmp = -((1.0 / (pi / 4.0)) * log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
end
code[f_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision] * f), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Exp[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Exp[(-t$95$0)], $MachinePrecision]}, (-N[(N[(1.0 / N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[N[(N[(t$95$1 + t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / N[(t$95$1 - t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision])]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f\\
t_1 := e^{t_0}\\
t_2 := e^{-t_0}\\
-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t_1 + t_2}{t_1 - t_2}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 8 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 6.7% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f\\ t_1 := e^{t_0}\\ t_2 := e^{-t_0}\\ -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t_1 + t_2}{t_1 - t_2}\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* (/ PI 4.0) f)) (t_1 (exp t_0)) (t_2 (exp (- t_0))))
   (- (* (/ 1.0 (/ PI 4.0)) (log (/ (+ t_1 t_2) (- t_1 t_2)))))))
double code(double f) {
	double t_0 = (((double) M_PI) / 4.0) * f;
	double t_1 = exp(t_0);
	double t_2 = exp(-t_0);
	return -((1.0 / (((double) M_PI) / 4.0)) * log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
}
public static double code(double f) {
	double t_0 = (Math.PI / 4.0) * f;
	double t_1 = Math.exp(t_0);
	double t_2 = Math.exp(-t_0);
	return -((1.0 / (Math.PI / 4.0)) * Math.log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
}
def code(f):
	t_0 = (math.pi / 4.0) * f
	t_1 = math.exp(t_0)
	t_2 = math.exp(-t_0)
	return -((1.0 / (math.pi / 4.0)) * math.log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))))
function code(f)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(pi / 4.0) * f)
	t_1 = exp(t_0)
	t_2 = exp(Float64(-t_0))
	return Float64(-Float64(Float64(1.0 / Float64(pi / 4.0)) * log(Float64(Float64(t_1 + t_2) / Float64(t_1 - t_2)))))
end
function tmp = code(f)
	t_0 = (pi / 4.0) * f;
	t_1 = exp(t_0);
	t_2 = exp(-t_0);
	tmp = -((1.0 / (pi / 4.0)) * log(((t_1 + t_2) / (t_1 - t_2))));
end
code[f_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision] * f), $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$1 = N[Exp[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]}, Block[{t$95$2 = N[Exp[(-t$95$0)], $MachinePrecision]}, (-N[(N[(1.0 / N[(Pi / 4.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Log[N[(N[(t$95$1 + t$95$2), $MachinePrecision] / N[(t$95$1 - t$95$2), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision])]]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f\\
t_1 := e^{t_0}\\
t_2 := e^{-t_0}\\
-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{t_1 + t_2}{t_1 - t_2}\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 96.9% accurate, 1.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := 0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\\ \log \left(e^{\frac{\log \left(\frac{2 \cdot \cosh t_0}{2 \cdot \sinh t_0}\right)}{\pi}}\right) \cdot \left(-4\right) \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* 0.25 (* PI f))))
   (*
    (log (exp (/ (log (/ (* 2.0 (cosh t_0)) (* 2.0 (sinh t_0)))) PI)))
    (- 4.0))))
double code(double f) {
	double t_0 = 0.25 * (((double) M_PI) * f);
	return log(exp((log(((2.0 * cosh(t_0)) / (2.0 * sinh(t_0)))) / ((double) M_PI)))) * -4.0;
}
public static double code(double f) {
	double t_0 = 0.25 * (Math.PI * f);
	return Math.log(Math.exp((Math.log(((2.0 * Math.cosh(t_0)) / (2.0 * Math.sinh(t_0)))) / Math.PI))) * -4.0;
}
def code(f):
	t_0 = 0.25 * (math.pi * f)
	return math.log(math.exp((math.log(((2.0 * math.cosh(t_0)) / (2.0 * math.sinh(t_0)))) / math.pi))) * -4.0
function code(f)
	t_0 = Float64(0.25 * Float64(pi * f))
	return Float64(log(exp(Float64(log(Float64(Float64(2.0 * cosh(t_0)) / Float64(2.0 * sinh(t_0)))) / pi))) * Float64(-4.0))
end
function tmp = code(f)
	t_0 = 0.25 * (pi * f);
	tmp = log(exp((log(((2.0 * cosh(t_0)) / (2.0 * sinh(t_0)))) / pi))) * -4.0;
end
code[f_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(0.25 * N[(Pi * f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(N[Log[N[Exp[N[(N[Log[N[(N[(2.0 * N[Cosh[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(2.0 * N[Sinh[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * (-4.0)), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := 0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\\
\log \left(e^{\frac{\log \left(\frac{2 \cdot \cosh t_0}{2 \cdot \sinh t_0}\right)}{\pi}}\right) \cdot \left(-4\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 6.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Taylor expanded in f around inf 6.4%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} + e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} - e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}{\pi}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-log-exp6.4%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\frac{\log \left(\frac{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} + e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} - e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}{\pi}}\right)} \]
  4. Applied egg-rr97.7%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\frac{\log \left(\frac{2 \cdot \cosh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi}}\right)} \]
  5. Final simplification97.7%

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\frac{\log \left(\frac{2 \cdot \cosh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi}}\right) \cdot \left(-4\right) \]

Alternative 2: 96.9% accurate, 1.7× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} t_0 := f \cdot \left(0.25 \cdot \pi\right)\\ 4 \cdot \frac{-\log \left(\frac{\cosh t_0}{\sinh t_0}\right)}{\pi} \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (* f (* 0.25 PI))))
   (* 4.0 (/ (- (log (/ (cosh t_0) (sinh t_0)))) PI))))
double code(double f) {
	double t_0 = f * (0.25 * ((double) M_PI));
	return 4.0 * (-log((cosh(t_0) / sinh(t_0))) / ((double) M_PI));
}
public static double code(double f) {
	double t_0 = f * (0.25 * Math.PI);
	return 4.0 * (-Math.log((Math.cosh(t_0) / Math.sinh(t_0))) / Math.PI);
}
def code(f):
	t_0 = f * (0.25 * math.pi)
	return 4.0 * (-math.log((math.cosh(t_0) / math.sinh(t_0))) / math.pi)
function code(f)
	t_0 = Float64(f * Float64(0.25 * pi))
	return Float64(4.0 * Float64(Float64(-log(Float64(cosh(t_0) / sinh(t_0)))) / pi))
end
function tmp = code(f)
	t_0 = f * (0.25 * pi);
	tmp = 4.0 * (-log((cosh(t_0) / sinh(t_0))) / pi);
end
code[f_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(f * N[(0.25 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, N[(4.0 * N[((-N[Log[N[(N[Cosh[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision] / N[Sinh[t$95$0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]) / Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := f \cdot \left(0.25 \cdot \pi\right)\\
4 \cdot \frac{-\log \left(\frac{\cosh t_0}{\sinh t_0}\right)}{\pi}
\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 6.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Taylor expanded in f around inf 6.4%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} + e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} - e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}{\pi}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-un-lft-identity6.4%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot \frac{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} + e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} - e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    2. cosh-undef6.4%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(1 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \cosh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} - e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    3. *-commutative6.4%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(1 \cdot \frac{2 \cdot \cosh \left(0.25 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot f\right)}\right)}{e^{0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)} - e^{-0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    4. sinh-undef97.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(1 \cdot \frac{2 \cdot \cosh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(f \cdot \pi\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    5. *-commutative97.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(1 \cdot \frac{2 \cdot \cosh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(0.25 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot f\right)}\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
  4. Applied egg-rr97.7%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot \frac{2 \cdot \cosh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-lft-identity97.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2 \cdot \cosh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    2. times-frac97.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{2} \cdot \frac{\cosh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}{\sinh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    3. metadata-eval97.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\color{blue}{1} \cdot \frac{\cosh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}{\sinh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    4. *-lft-identity97.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\cosh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}{\sinh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    5. associate-*r*97.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f\right)}}{\sinh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    6. *-commutative97.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right)} \cdot f\right)}{\sinh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    7. *-commutative97.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \color{blue}{\left(f \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right)\right)}}{\sinh \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    8. associate-*r*97.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(f \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right)\right)}{\sinh \color{blue}{\left(\left(0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
    9. *-commutative97.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(f \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right)\right)}{\sinh \left(\color{blue}{\left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right)} \cdot f\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    10. *-commutative97.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(f \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right)\right)}{\sinh \color{blue}{\left(f \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right)\right)}}\right)}{\pi} \]
  6. Simplified97.7%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\cosh \left(f \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right)\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right)\right)}\right)}}{\pi} \]
  7. Final simplification97.7%

    \[\leadsto 4 \cdot \frac{-\log \left(\frac{\cosh \left(f \cdot \left(0.25 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}{\sinh \left(f \cdot \left(0.25 \cdot \pi\right)\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]

Alternative 3: 95.8% accurate, 2.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left|\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{\pi}\right| \cdot \left(-4\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f)
 :precision binary64
 (* (fabs (/ (log (/ 4.0 (* PI f))) PI)) (- 4.0)))
double code(double f) {
	return fabs((log((4.0 / (((double) M_PI) * f))) / ((double) M_PI))) * -4.0;
}
public static double code(double f) {
	return Math.abs((Math.log((4.0 / (Math.PI * f))) / Math.PI)) * -4.0;
}
def code(f):
	return math.fabs((math.log((4.0 / (math.pi * f))) / math.pi)) * -4.0
function code(f)
	return Float64(abs(Float64(log(Float64(4.0 / Float64(pi * f))) / pi)) * Float64(-4.0))
end
function tmp = code(f)
	tmp = abs((log((4.0 / (pi * f))) / pi)) * -4.0;
end
code[f_] := N[(N[Abs[N[(N[Log[N[(4.0 / N[(Pi * f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] / Pi), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * (-4.0)), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left|\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{\pi}\right| \cdot \left(-4\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 6.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.7%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f}{\pi}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-\log f\right)}}{\pi} \]
    2. unsub-neg96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) - \log f}}{\pi} \]
    3. distribute-rgt-out--96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(0.25 - -0.25\right)}}\right) - \log f}{\pi} \]
    4. associate-/r*96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi}}{0.25 - -0.25}\right)} - \log f}{\pi} \]
    5. metadata-eval96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi}}{\color{blue}{0.5}}\right) - \log f}{\pi} \]
  4. Simplified96.7%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi}}{0.5}\right) - \log f}{\pi}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u95.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi}}{0.5}\right) - \log f}{\pi}\right)\right)} \]
    2. diff-log95.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{\frac{\frac{2}{\pi}}{0.5}}{f}\right)}}{\pi}\right)\right) \]
    3. div-inv95.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \frac{1}{0.5}}}{f}\right)}{\pi}\right)\right) \]
    4. metadata-eval95.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \color{blue}{2}}{f}\right)}{\pi}\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied egg-rr95.5%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2}{f}\right)}{\pi}\right)\right)} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2}{f}\right)}{\pi}} \]
    2. add-sqr-sqrt96.2%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2}{f}\right)}{\pi}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2}{f}\right)}{\pi}}\right)} \]
    3. sqrt-unprod96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2}{f}\right)}{\pi} \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2}{f}\right)}{\pi}}} \]
    4. pow296.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2}{f}\right)}{\pi}\right)}^{2}}} \]
    5. associate-*l/96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot 2}{\pi}}}{f}\right)}{\pi}\right)}^{2}} \]
    6. metadata-eval96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{4}}{\pi}}{f}\right)}{\pi}\right)}^{2}} \]
    7. associate-/r*96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \sqrt{{\left(\frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}}{\pi}\right)}^{2}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr96.7%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\sqrt{{\left(\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{\pi}\right)}^{2}}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow296.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \sqrt{\color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{\pi} \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{\pi}}} \]
    2. rem-sqrt-square96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left|\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{\pi}\right|} \]
    3. *-commutative96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \left|\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\color{blue}{f \cdot \pi}}\right)}{\pi}\right| \]
  10. Simplified96.7%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left|\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \pi}\right)}{\pi}\right|} \]
  11. Final simplification96.7%

    \[\leadsto \left|\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{\pi}\right| \cdot \left(-4\right) \]

Alternative 4: 95.8% accurate, 2.5× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log f - \log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (* (/ 4.0 PI) (- (log f) (log (/ 4.0 PI)))))
double code(double f) {
	return (4.0 / ((double) M_PI)) * (log(f) - log((4.0 / ((double) M_PI))));
}
public static double code(double f) {
	return (4.0 / Math.PI) * (Math.log(f) - Math.log((4.0 / Math.PI)));
}
def code(f):
	return (4.0 / math.pi) * (math.log(f) - math.log((4.0 / math.pi)))
function code(f)
	return Float64(Float64(4.0 / pi) * Float64(log(f) - log(Float64(4.0 / pi))))
end
function tmp = code(f)
	tmp = (4.0 / pi) * (log(f) - log((4.0 / pi)));
end
code[f_] := N[(N[(4.0 / Pi), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Log[f], $MachinePrecision] - N[Log[N[(4.0 / Pi), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log f - \log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 6.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.7%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f}{\pi}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f\right)}{\pi}} \]
    2. associate-/l*96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4}{\frac{\pi}{\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f}}} \]
    3. associate-/r/96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f\right)} \]
    4. mul-1-neg96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-\log f\right)}\right) \]
    5. unsub-neg96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) - \log f\right)} \]
    6. distribute-rgt-out--96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(0.25 - -0.25\right)}}\right) - \log f\right) \]
    7. *-commutative96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(0.25 - -0.25\right) \cdot \pi}}\right) - \log f\right) \]
    8. associate-/r*96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{2}{0.25 - -0.25}}{\pi}\right)} - \log f\right) \]
    9. metadata-eval96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{0.5}}}{\pi}\right) - \log f\right) \]
    10. metadata-eval96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{4}}{\pi}\right) - \log f\right) \]
  4. Simplified96.7%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right) - \log f\right)} \]
  5. Final simplification96.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log f - \log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right)\right) \]

Alternative 5: 95.8% accurate, 3.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 4 \cdot \frac{-\log \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}{-\pi} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (* 4.0 (/ (- (log (* 0.25 (* PI f)))) (- PI))))
double code(double f) {
	return 4.0 * (-log((0.25 * (((double) M_PI) * f))) / -((double) M_PI));
}
public static double code(double f) {
	return 4.0 * (-Math.log((0.25 * (Math.PI * f))) / -Math.PI);
}
def code(f):
	return 4.0 * (-math.log((0.25 * (math.pi * f))) / -math.pi)
function code(f)
	return Float64(4.0 * Float64(Float64(-log(Float64(0.25 * Float64(pi * f)))) / Float64(-pi)))
end
function tmp = code(f)
	tmp = 4.0 * (-log((0.25 * (pi * f))) / -pi);
end
code[f_] := N[(4.0 * N[((-N[Log[N[(0.25 * N[(Pi * f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]) / (-Pi)), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
4 \cdot \frac{-\log \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}{-\pi}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 6.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.7%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f}{\pi}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. mul-1-neg96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-\log f\right)}}{\pi} \]
    2. unsub-neg96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) - \log f}}{\pi} \]
    3. distribute-rgt-out--96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(0.25 - -0.25\right)}}\right) - \log f}{\pi} \]
    4. associate-/r*96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi}}{0.25 - -0.25}\right)} - \log f}{\pi} \]
    5. metadata-eval96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi}}{\color{blue}{0.5}}\right) - \log f}{\pi} \]
  4. Simplified96.7%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi}}{0.5}\right) - \log f}{\pi}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u95.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi}}{0.5}\right) - \log f}{\pi}\right)\right)} \]
    2. diff-log95.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{\frac{\frac{2}{\pi}}{0.5}}{f}\right)}}{\pi}\right)\right) \]
    3. div-inv95.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \frac{1}{0.5}}}{f}\right)}{\pi}\right)\right) \]
    4. metadata-eval95.5%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot \color{blue}{2}}{f}\right)}{\pi}\right)\right) \]
  6. Applied egg-rr95.5%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2}{f}\right)}{\pi}\right)\right)} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. expm1-log1p-u96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2}{f}\right)}{\pi}} \]
    2. frac-2neg96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{-\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2}{f}\right)}{-\pi}} \]
    3. associate-*l/96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{-\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot 2}{\pi}}}{f}\right)}{-\pi} \]
    4. metadata-eval96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{-\log \left(\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{4}}{\pi}}{f}\right)}{-\pi} \]
    5. associate-/r*96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{-\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}}{-\pi} \]
    6. neg-log96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}}\right)}}{-\pi} \]
    7. *-commutative96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{4}{\color{blue}{f \cdot \pi}}}\right)}{-\pi} \]
    8. clear-num96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{f \cdot \pi}{4}\right)}}{-\pi} \]
    9. div-inv96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(\left(f \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \frac{1}{4}\right)}}{-\pi} \]
    10. metadata-eval96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\left(f \cdot \pi\right) \cdot \color{blue}{0.25}\right)}{-\pi} \]
    11. associate-*r*96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(f \cdot \left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right)\right)}}{-\pi} \]
    12. *-commutative96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(\left(\pi \cdot 0.25\right) \cdot f\right)}}{-\pi} \]
    13. *-commutative96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot f\right)}{-\pi} \]
    14. associate-*r*96.7%

      \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}}{-\pi} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr96.7%

    \[\leadsto -4 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}{-\pi}} \]
  9. Final simplification96.7%

    \[\leadsto 4 \cdot \frac{-\log \left(0.25 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot f\right)\right)}{-\pi} \]

Alternative 6: 95.6% accurate, 3.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (* (/ 4.0 PI) (- (log (/ 4.0 (* PI f))))))
double code(double f) {
	return (4.0 / ((double) M_PI)) * -log((4.0 / (((double) M_PI) * f)));
}
public static double code(double f) {
	return (4.0 / Math.PI) * -Math.log((4.0 / (Math.PI * f)));
}
def code(f):
	return (4.0 / math.pi) * -math.log((4.0 / (math.pi * f)))
function code(f)
	return Float64(Float64(4.0 / pi) * Float64(-log(Float64(4.0 / Float64(pi * f)))))
end
function tmp = code(f)
	tmp = (4.0 / pi) * -log((4.0 / (pi * f)));
end
code[f_] := N[(N[(4.0 / Pi), $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Log[N[(4.0 / N[(Pi * f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 6.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.6%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{\left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f}\right)} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}}{f}\right)} \]
    2. distribute-rgt-out--96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(0.25 - -0.25\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
    3. *-commutative96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(0.25 - -0.25\right) \cdot \pi}}}{f}\right) \]
    4. associate-/r*96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{0.25 - -0.25}}{\pi}}}{f}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{0.5}}}{\pi}}{f}\right) \]
    6. metadata-eval96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{4}}{\pi}}{f}\right) \]
  4. Simplified96.6%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{4}{\pi}}{f}\right)} \]
  5. Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.7%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{4 \cdot \frac{-1 \cdot \log f + \log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right)}{\pi}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(-1 \cdot \log f + \log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right)\right)}{\pi}} \]
    2. neg-mul-196.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(-\log f\right)} + \log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
    3. log-rec96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{1}{f}\right)} + \log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
    4. +-commutative96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right) + \log \left(\frac{1}{f}\right)\right)}}{\pi} \]
    5. log-rec96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-\log f\right)}\right)}{\pi} \]
    6. metadata-eval96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot 2}}{\pi}\right) + \left(-\log f\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
    7. associate-*l/96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4 \cdot \left(\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2\right)} + \left(-\log f\right)\right)}{\pi} \]
    8. unsub-neg96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2\right) - \log f\right)}}{\pi} \]
    9. log-div96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2}{f}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    10. associate-*l/96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\pi} \cdot 2}{f}\right)} \]
    11. associate-*l/96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot 2}{\pi}}}{f}\right) \]
    12. metadata-eval96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{4}}{\pi}}{f}\right) \]
    13. associate-/l/96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \pi}\right)} \]
  7. Simplified96.6%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \pi}\right)} \]
  8. Final simplification96.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)\right) \]

Alternative 7: 95.6% accurate, 3.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-4}{\frac{\pi}{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (/ (- 4.0) (/ PI (log (/ 4.0 (* PI f))))))
double code(double f) {
	return -4.0 / (((double) M_PI) / log((4.0 / (((double) M_PI) * f))));
}
public static double code(double f) {
	return -4.0 / (Math.PI / Math.log((4.0 / (Math.PI * f))));
}
def code(f):
	return -4.0 / (math.pi / math.log((4.0 / (math.pi * f))))
function code(f)
	return Float64(Float64(-4.0) / Float64(pi / log(Float64(4.0 / Float64(pi * f)))))
end
function tmp = code(f)
	tmp = -4.0 / (pi / log((4.0 / (pi * f))));
end
code[f_] := N[((-4.0) / N[(Pi / N[Log[N[(4.0 / N[(Pi * f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-4}{\frac{\pi}{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 6.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.7%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{4 \cdot \frac{\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f}{\pi}} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f\right)}{\pi}} \]
    2. associate-/l*96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4}{\frac{\pi}{\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f}}} \]
    3. associate-/r/96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + -1 \cdot \log f\right)} \]
    4. mul-1-neg96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) + \color{blue}{\left(-\log f\right)}\right) \]
    5. unsub-neg96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\log \left(\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}\right) - \log f\right)} \]
    6. distribute-rgt-out--96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(0.25 - -0.25\right)}}\right) - \log f\right) \]
    7. *-commutative96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(0.25 - -0.25\right) \cdot \pi}}\right) - \log f\right) \]
    8. associate-/r*96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{2}{0.25 - -0.25}}{\pi}\right)} - \log f\right) \]
    9. metadata-eval96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{0.5}}}{\pi}\right) - \log f\right) \]
    10. metadata-eval96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{4}}{\pi}\right) - \log f\right) \]
  4. Simplified96.7%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4}{\pi} \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right) - \log f\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4 \cdot \left(\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi}\right) - \log f\right)}{\pi}} \]
    2. diff-log96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4 \cdot \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\pi}}{f}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    3. associate-/r*96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4 \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}}{\pi} \]
    4. associate-/l*96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4}{\frac{\pi}{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}}} \]
    5. *-commutative96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{4}{\frac{\pi}{\log \left(\frac{4}{\color{blue}{f \cdot \pi}}\right)}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr96.6%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{4}{\frac{\pi}{\log \left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \pi}\right)}}} \]
  7. Final simplification96.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-4}{\frac{\pi}{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}} \]

Alternative 8: 95.8% accurate, 3.3× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{-\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{0.25 \cdot \pi} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (f) :precision binary64 (/ (- (log (/ 4.0 (* PI f)))) (* 0.25 PI)))
double code(double f) {
	return -log((4.0 / (((double) M_PI) * f))) / (0.25 * ((double) M_PI));
}
public static double code(double f) {
	return -Math.log((4.0 / (Math.PI * f))) / (0.25 * Math.PI);
}
def code(f):
	return -math.log((4.0 / (math.pi * f))) / (0.25 * math.pi)
function code(f)
	return Float64(Float64(-log(Float64(4.0 / Float64(pi * f)))) / Float64(0.25 * pi))
end
function tmp = code(f)
	tmp = -log((4.0 / (pi * f))) / (0.25 * pi);
end
code[f_] := N[((-N[Log[N[(4.0 / N[(Pi * f), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]) / N[(0.25 * Pi), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{-\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{0.25 \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 6.4%

    \[-\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} + e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}{e^{\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f} - e^{-\frac{\pi}{4} \cdot f}}\right) \]
  2. Taylor expanded in f around 0 96.6%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{2}{\left(0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot f}\right)} \]
  3. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{2}{0.25 \cdot \pi - -0.25 \cdot \pi}}{f}\right)} \]
    2. distribute-rgt-out--96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \left(0.25 - -0.25\right)}}}{f}\right) \]
    3. *-commutative96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(0.25 - -0.25\right) \cdot \pi}}}{f}\right) \]
    4. associate-/r*96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{0.25 - -0.25}}{\pi}}}{f}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{\frac{2}{\color{blue}{0.5}}}{\pi}}{f}\right) \]
    6. metadata-eval96.6%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{4}}{\pi}}{f}\right) \]
  4. Simplified96.6%

    \[\leadsto -\frac{1}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \cdot \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{4}{\pi}}{f}\right)} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\pi}}{f}\right)}{\frac{\pi}{4}}} \]
    2. *-un-lft-identity96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{\color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{\frac{4}{\pi}}{f}\right)}}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \]
    3. associate-/l/96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{4}{f \cdot \pi}\right)}}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \]
    4. *-commutative96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot f}}\right)}{\frac{\pi}{4}} \]
    5. div-inv96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{4}}} \]
    6. metadata-eval96.7%

      \[\leadsto -\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.25}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr96.7%

    \[\leadsto -\color{blue}{\frac{\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{\pi \cdot 0.25}} \]
  7. Final simplification96.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{-\log \left(\frac{4}{\pi \cdot f}\right)}{0.25 \cdot \pi} \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023207 
(FPCore (f)
  :name "VandenBroeck and Keller, Equation (20)"
  :precision binary64
  (- (* (/ 1.0 (/ PI 4.0)) (log (/ (+ (exp (* (/ PI 4.0) f)) (exp (- (* (/ PI 4.0) f)))) (- (exp (* (/ PI 4.0) f)) (exp (- (* (/ PI 4.0) f)))))))))