
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 7 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (* PI (/ 1.0 (- s))))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) * (1.0f / -s))))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(-s)))))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) * (single(1.0) / -s))))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{-s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.9%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.9%
sub-neg98.9%
Simplified98.9%
frac-2neg98.9%
div-inv98.9%
remove-double-neg98.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
Final simplification98.9%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
-1.0
(/
1.0
(+
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf((-1.0f + (1.0f / (((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))) + (u / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s))))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) + Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log((single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / (((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))) + (u / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(-1 + \frac{1}{\frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}} + \frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.9%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.9%
sub-neg98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Final simplification98.9%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* 4.0 (log (exp (fma (* u PI) 0.5 (* PI -0.25))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return 4.0f * logf(expf(fmaf((u * ((float) M_PI)), 0.5f, (((float) M_PI) * -0.25f))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(4.0) * log(exp(fma(Float32(u * Float32(pi)), Float32(0.5), Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25)))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
4 \cdot \log \left(e^{\mathsf{fma}\left(u \cdot \pi, 0.5, \pi \cdot -0.25\right)}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.9%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.9%
sub-neg98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.8%
associate--r+10.8%
cancel-sign-sub-inv10.8%
distribute-rgt-out--10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
metadata-eval10.8%
metadata-eval10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
Simplified10.8%
add-log-exp10.8%
fma-def10.8%
Applied egg-rr10.8%
Final simplification10.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* 4.0 (+ (* PI -0.25) (* 0.5 (expm1 (log1p (* u PI)))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return 4.0f * ((((float) M_PI) * -0.25f) + (0.5f * expm1f(log1pf((u * ((float) M_PI))))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(4.0) * Float32(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(-0.25)) + Float32(Float32(0.5) * expm1(log1p(Float32(u * Float32(pi))))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
4 \cdot \left(\pi \cdot -0.25 + 0.5 \cdot \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(u \cdot \pi\right)\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.9%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.9%
sub-neg98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 10.8%
associate--r+10.8%
cancel-sign-sub-inv10.8%
distribute-rgt-out--10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
metadata-eval10.8%
metadata-eval10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
Simplified10.8%
expm1-log1p-u10.8%
Applied egg-rr10.8%
Final simplification10.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (log (exp (* PI (+ -1.0 (* u 2.0))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return logf(expf((((float) M_PI) * (-1.0f + (u * 2.0f)))));
}
function code(u, s) return log(exp(Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(u * Float32(2.0)))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = log(exp((single(pi) * (single(-1.0) + (u * single(2.0)))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\log \left(e^{\pi \cdot \left(-1 + u \cdot 2\right)}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.9%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.9%
sub-neg98.9%
Simplified98.9%
frac-2neg98.9%
div-inv98.9%
remove-double-neg98.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 10.8%
associate--r+10.8%
cancel-sign-sub-inv10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
distribute-rgt-out--10.8%
metadata-eval10.8%
metadata-eval10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
fma-udef10.8%
*-lft-identity10.8%
*-lft-identity10.8%
fma-udef10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
Simplified10.8%
add-log-exp10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
Applied egg-rr10.8%
Final simplification10.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* PI (+ -1.0 (* u 2.0))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return ((float) M_PI) * (-1.0f + (u * 2.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(u * Float32(2.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(pi) * (single(-1.0) + (u * single(2.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\pi \cdot \left(-1 + u \cdot 2\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.9%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.9%
sub-neg98.9%
Simplified98.9%
frac-2neg98.9%
div-inv98.9%
remove-double-neg98.9%
Applied egg-rr98.9%
Taylor expanded in s around -inf 10.8%
associate--r+10.8%
cancel-sign-sub-inv10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
distribute-rgt-out--10.8%
metadata-eval10.8%
metadata-eval10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
fma-udef10.8%
*-lft-identity10.8%
*-lft-identity10.8%
fma-udef10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
*-commutative10.8%
Simplified10.8%
Final simplification10.8%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (- PI))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -((float) M_PI);
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(-Float32(pi)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -single(pi); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-\pi
\end{array}
Initial program 98.9%
distribute-lft-neg-out98.9%
distribute-rgt-neg-in98.9%
sub-neg98.9%
Simplified98.9%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 10.6%
mul-1-neg10.6%
Simplified10.6%
Final simplification10.6%
herbie shell --seed 2023195
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))