NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B

Percentage Accurate: 78.9% → 99.7%
Time: 7.8s
Alternatives: 5
Speedup: 1.1×

Specification

?
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary64 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 5 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 78.9% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((Math.PI / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((math.pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(pi / 2.0) * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(b * b) - Float64(a * a)))) * Float64(Float64(1.0 / a) - Float64(1.0 / b)))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((pi / 2.0) * (1.0 / ((b * b) - (a * a)))) * ((1.0 / a) - (1.0 / b));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(Pi / 2.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(b * b), $MachinePrecision] - N[(a * a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 / a), $MachinePrecision] - N[(1.0 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right)
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 99.7% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b}}{a \cdot b} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (/ (/ (* 0.5 PI) (+ a b)) (* a b)))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((0.5 * ((double) M_PI)) / (a + b)) / (a * b);
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return ((0.5 * Math.PI) / (a + b)) / (a * b);
}
def code(a, b):
	return ((0.5 * math.pi) / (a + b)) / (a * b)
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(Float64(Float64(0.5 * pi) / Float64(a + b)) / Float64(a * b))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = ((0.5 * pi) / (a + b)) / (a * b);
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(N[(N[(0.5 * Pi), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a + b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b}}{a \cdot b}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 78.6%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/78.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. *-rgt-identity78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. sub-neg78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
    4. distribute-neg-frac78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \]
    5. metadata-eval78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \]
  3. Simplified78.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. frac-add78.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot b + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    2. *-un-lft-identity78.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{b} + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b} \]
  5. Applied egg-rr78.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b}} \]
  6. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative78.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{b + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot a}}{a \cdot b} \]
    2. neg-mul-178.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{b + \color{blue}{\left(-a\right)}}{a \cdot b} \]
    3. sub-neg78.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{b - a}}{a \cdot b} \]
  7. Simplified78.5%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b - a}{a \cdot b}} \]
  8. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/78.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b}} \]
    2. div-inv78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b} \]
    3. metadata-eval78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b} \]
    4. *-commutative78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
  9. Applied egg-rr78.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{b \cdot a}} \]
  10. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}}}{b \cdot a} \]
  11. Applied egg-rr78.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}}}{b \cdot a} \]
  12. Step-by-step derivation
    1. difference-of-squares86.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\left(\pi \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}}}{b \cdot a} \]
    2. times-frac99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b + a} \cdot \frac{b - a}{b - a}}}{b \cdot a} \]
    3. *-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \pi}}{b + a} \cdot \frac{b - a}{b - a}}{b \cdot a} \]
    4. +-commutative99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{\color{blue}{a + b}} \cdot \frac{b - a}{b - a}}{b \cdot a} \]
    5. *-inverses99.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot \color{blue}{1}}{b \cdot a} \]
  13. Simplified99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b} \cdot 1}}{b \cdot a} \]
  14. Final simplification99.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{a + b}}{a \cdot b} \]

Alternative 2: 85.6% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -0.58 \lor \neg \left(b \leq 6.2 \cdot 10^{-74}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= b -0.58) (not (<= b 6.2e-74)))
   (* 0.5 (/ PI (* b (* a b))))
   (* 0.5 (/ PI (* a (* a b))))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if ((b <= -0.58) || !(b <= 6.2e-74)) {
		tmp = 0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / (b * (a * b)));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / (a * (a * b)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if ((b <= -0.58) || !(b <= 6.2e-74)) {
		tmp = 0.5 * (Math.PI / (b * (a * b)));
	} else {
		tmp = 0.5 * (Math.PI / (a * (a * b)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if (b <= -0.58) or not (b <= 6.2e-74):
		tmp = 0.5 * (math.pi / (b * (a * b)))
	else:
		tmp = 0.5 * (math.pi / (a * (a * b)))
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((b <= -0.58) || !(b <= 6.2e-74))
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / Float64(b * Float64(a * b))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / Float64(a * Float64(a * b))));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((b <= -0.58) || ~((b <= 6.2e-74)))
		tmp = 0.5 * (pi / (b * (a * b)));
	else
		tmp = 0.5 * (pi / (a * (a * b)));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[Or[LessEqual[b, -0.58], N[Not[LessEqual[b, 6.2e-74]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / N[(b * N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / N[(a * N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq -0.58 \lor \neg \left(b \leq 6.2 \cdot 10^{-74}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < -0.57999999999999996 or 6.2000000000000003e-74 < b

    1. Initial program 82.1%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/82.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. sub-neg82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
      4. distribute-neg-frac82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \]
    3. Simplified82.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. frac-add82.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot b + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b}} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity82.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{b} + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b} \]
    5. Applied egg-rr82.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative82.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{b + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot a}}{a \cdot b} \]
      2. neg-mul-182.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{b + \color{blue}{\left(-a\right)}}{a \cdot b} \]
      3. sub-neg82.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{b - a}}{a \cdot b} \]
    7. Simplified82.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b - a}{a \cdot b}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/82.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b}} \]
      2. div-inv82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b} \]
      3. metadata-eval82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b} \]
      4. *-commutative82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr82.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{b \cdot a}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in b around inf 81.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow281.6%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot b\right)}} \]
      2. associate-*r*89.1%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot b}} \]
    12. Simplified89.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot b}} \]

    if -0.57999999999999996 < b < 6.2000000000000003e-74

    1. Initial program 73.8%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. times-frac73.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 1}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-commutative73.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot 1}{\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right) \cdot 2}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. times-frac73.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\pi}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      4. difference-of-squares81.3%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\pi}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      5. associate-/r*83.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      6. metadata-eval83.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      7. sub-neg83.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
      8. distribute-neg-frac83.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \]
      9. metadata-eval83.5%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \]
    3. Simplified83.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. add-cube-cbrt82.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}\right)} \]
      2. pow382.9%

        \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}\right)}^{3}} \]
    5. Applied egg-rr82.9%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}\right)}^{3}} \]
    6. Taylor expanded in b around 0 72.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{{a}^{2} \cdot b}} \]
    7. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow272.4%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot a\right)} \cdot b} \]
      2. associate-*l*90.5%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\color{blue}{a \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
    8. Simplified90.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification89.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -0.58 \lor \neg \left(b \leq 6.2 \cdot 10^{-74}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 3: 85.8% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -145 \lor \neg \left(b \leq 3.8 \cdot 10^{-74}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}}{a \cdot b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= b -145.0) (not (<= b 3.8e-74)))
   (* 0.5 (/ PI (* b (* a b))))
   (/ (* 0.5 (/ PI a)) (* a b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if ((b <= -145.0) || !(b <= 3.8e-74)) {
		tmp = 0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / (b * (a * b)));
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / a)) / (a * b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if ((b <= -145.0) || !(b <= 3.8e-74)) {
		tmp = 0.5 * (Math.PI / (b * (a * b)));
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * (Math.PI / a)) / (a * b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if (b <= -145.0) or not (b <= 3.8e-74):
		tmp = 0.5 * (math.pi / (b * (a * b)))
	else:
		tmp = (0.5 * (math.pi / a)) / (a * b)
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((b <= -145.0) || !(b <= 3.8e-74))
		tmp = Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / Float64(b * Float64(a * b))));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / a)) / Float64(a * b));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((b <= -145.0) || ~((b <= 3.8e-74)))
		tmp = 0.5 * (pi / (b * (a * b)));
	else
		tmp = (0.5 * (pi / a)) / (a * b);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[Or[LessEqual[b, -145.0], N[Not[LessEqual[b, 3.8e-74]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / N[(b * N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq -145 \lor \neg \left(b \leq 3.8 \cdot 10^{-74}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}}{a \cdot b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < -145 or 3.7999999999999996e-74 < b

    1. Initial program 82.1%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/82.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. sub-neg82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
      4. distribute-neg-frac82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \]
    3. Simplified82.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. frac-add82.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot b + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b}} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity82.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{b} + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b} \]
    5. Applied egg-rr82.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative82.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{b + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot a}}{a \cdot b} \]
      2. neg-mul-182.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{b + \color{blue}{\left(-a\right)}}{a \cdot b} \]
      3. sub-neg82.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{b - a}}{a \cdot b} \]
    7. Simplified82.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b - a}{a \cdot b}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/82.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b}} \]
      2. div-inv82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b} \]
      3. metadata-eval82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b} \]
      4. *-commutative82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr82.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{b \cdot a}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in b around inf 81.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot {b}^{2}}} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. unpow281.6%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \color{blue}{\left(b \cdot b\right)}} \]
      2. associate-*r*89.1%

        \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot b}} \]
    12. Simplified89.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\left(a \cdot b\right) \cdot b}} \]

    if -145 < b < 3.7999999999999996e-74

    1. Initial program 73.8%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/73.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity73.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. sub-neg73.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
      4. distribute-neg-frac73.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval73.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \]
    3. Simplified73.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. frac-add73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot b + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b}} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{b} + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b} \]
    5. Applied egg-rr73.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{b + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot a}}{a \cdot b} \]
      2. neg-mul-173.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{b + \color{blue}{\left(-a\right)}}{a \cdot b} \]
      3. sub-neg73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{b - a}}{a \cdot b} \]
    7. Simplified73.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b - a}{a \cdot b}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/73.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b}} \]
      2. div-inv73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b} \]
      3. metadata-eval73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b} \]
      4. *-commutative73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr73.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{b \cdot a}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in b around 0 90.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}}}{b \cdot a} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification89.8%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -145 \lor \neg \left(b \leq 3.8 \cdot 10^{-74}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}}{a \cdot b}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 4: 85.9% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -0.85 \lor \neg \left(b \leq 6.2 \cdot 10^{-74}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot b}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}}{a \cdot b}\\ \end{array} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b)
 :precision binary64
 (if (or (<= b -0.85) (not (<= b 6.2e-74)))
   (/ (* PI (/ 0.5 b)) (* a b))
   (/ (* 0.5 (/ PI a)) (* a b))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if ((b <= -0.85) || !(b <= 6.2e-74)) {
		tmp = (((double) M_PI) * (0.5 / b)) / (a * b);
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / a)) / (a * b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	double tmp;
	if ((b <= -0.85) || !(b <= 6.2e-74)) {
		tmp = (Math.PI * (0.5 / b)) / (a * b);
	} else {
		tmp = (0.5 * (Math.PI / a)) / (a * b);
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(a, b):
	tmp = 0
	if (b <= -0.85) or not (b <= 6.2e-74):
		tmp = (math.pi * (0.5 / b)) / (a * b)
	else:
		tmp = (0.5 * (math.pi / a)) / (a * b)
	return tmp
function code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0
	if ((b <= -0.85) || !(b <= 6.2e-74))
		tmp = Float64(Float64(pi * Float64(0.5 / b)) / Float64(a * b));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / a)) / Float64(a * b));
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp_2 = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((b <= -0.85) || ~((b <= 6.2e-74)))
		tmp = (pi * (0.5 / b)) / (a * b);
	else
		tmp = (0.5 * (pi / a)) / (a * b);
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[a_, b_] := If[Or[LessEqual[b, -0.85], N[Not[LessEqual[b, 6.2e-74]], $MachinePrecision]], N[(N[(Pi * N[(0.5 / b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / a), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \leq -0.85 \lor \neg \left(b \leq 6.2 \cdot 10^{-74}\right):\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot b}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}}{a \cdot b}\\


\end{array}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if b < -0.849999999999999978 or 6.2000000000000003e-74 < b

    1. Initial program 82.1%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/82.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. sub-neg82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
      4. distribute-neg-frac82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \]
    3. Simplified82.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. frac-add82.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot b + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b}} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity82.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{b} + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b} \]
    5. Applied egg-rr82.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative82.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{b + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot a}}{a \cdot b} \]
      2. neg-mul-182.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{b + \color{blue}{\left(-a\right)}}{a \cdot b} \]
      3. sub-neg82.0%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{b - a}}{a \cdot b} \]
    7. Simplified82.0%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b - a}{a \cdot b}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/82.1%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b}} \]
      2. div-inv82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b} \]
      3. metadata-eval82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b} \]
      4. *-commutative82.1%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr82.1%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{b \cdot a}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in b around inf 90.7%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{b}}}{b \cdot a} \]
    11. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/90.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \pi}{b}}}{b \cdot a} \]
      2. *-commutative90.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot 0.5}}{b}}{b \cdot a} \]
      3. associate-*r/90.6%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b \cdot a} \]
    12. Simplified90.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}}{b \cdot a} \]

    if -0.849999999999999978 < b < 6.2000000000000003e-74

    1. Initial program 73.8%

      \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/73.9%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot 1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      2. *-rgt-identity73.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\pi}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
      3. sub-neg73.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
      4. distribute-neg-frac73.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \]
      5. metadata-eval73.9%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \]
    3. Simplified73.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)} \]
    4. Step-by-step derivation
      1. frac-add73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot b + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b}} \]
      2. *-un-lft-identity73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{b} + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b} \]
    5. Applied egg-rr73.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b + a \cdot -1}{a \cdot b}} \]
    6. Step-by-step derivation
      1. *-commutative73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{b + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot a}}{a \cdot b} \]
      2. neg-mul-173.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{b + \color{blue}{\left(-a\right)}}{a \cdot b} \]
      3. sub-neg73.8%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{b - a}}{a \cdot b} \]
    7. Simplified73.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{b - a}{a \cdot b}} \]
    8. Step-by-step derivation
      1. associate-*r/73.7%

        \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{\pi}{2}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b}} \]
      2. div-inv73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\pi \cdot \frac{1}{2}}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b} \]
      3. metadata-eval73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{a \cdot b} \]
      4. *-commutative73.7%

        \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{\color{blue}{b \cdot a}} \]
    9. Applied egg-rr73.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi \cdot 0.5}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \left(b - a\right)}{b \cdot a}} \]
    10. Taylor expanded in b around 0 90.8%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}}}{b \cdot a} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification90.7%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -0.85 \lor \neg \left(b \leq 6.2 \cdot 10^{-74}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\pi \cdot \frac{0.5}{b}}{a \cdot b}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a}}{a \cdot b}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 5: 63.9% accurate, 1.1× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (a b) :precision binary64 (* 0.5 (/ PI (* a (* a b)))))
double code(double a, double b) {
	return 0.5 * (((double) M_PI) / (a * (a * b)));
}
public static double code(double a, double b) {
	return 0.5 * (Math.PI / (a * (a * b)));
}
def code(a, b):
	return 0.5 * (math.pi / (a * (a * b)))
function code(a, b)
	return Float64(0.5 * Float64(pi / Float64(a * Float64(a * b))))
end
function tmp = code(a, b)
	tmp = 0.5 * (pi / (a * (a * b)));
end
code[a_, b_] := N[(0.5 * N[(Pi / N[(a * N[(a * b), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 78.6%

    \[\left(\frac{\pi}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac78.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\pi \cdot 1}{2 \cdot \left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right)}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    2. *-commutative78.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\pi \cdot 1}{\color{blue}{\left(b \cdot b - a \cdot a\right) \cdot 2}} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    3. times-frac78.6%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\pi}{b \cdot b - a \cdot a} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    4. difference-of-squares86.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\pi}{\color{blue}{\left(b + a\right) \cdot \left(b - a\right)}} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    5. associate-/r*87.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a}} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    6. metadata-eval87.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot \color{blue}{0.5}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}\right) \]
    7. sub-neg87.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{a} + \left(-\frac{1}{b}\right)\right)} \]
    8. distribute-neg-frac87.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \color{blue}{\frac{-1}{b}}\right) \]
    9. metadata-eval87.8%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{b}\right) \]
  3. Simplified87.8%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}\right)} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. add-cube-cbrt87.3%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}\right)} \]
    2. pow387.2%

      \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}\right)}^{3}} \]
  5. Applied egg-rr87.2%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{\frac{\pi}{b + a}}{b - a} \cdot 0.5\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{-1}{b}}\right)}^{3}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in b around 0 53.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{{a}^{2} \cdot b}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. unpow253.6%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot a\right)} \cdot b} \]
    2. associate-*l*61.2%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{\color{blue}{a \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
  8. Simplified61.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)}} \]
  9. Final simplification61.2%

    \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{\pi}{a \cdot \left(a \cdot b\right)} \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023195 
(FPCore (a b)
  :name "NMSE Section 6.1 mentioned, B"
  :precision binary64
  (* (* (/ PI 2.0) (/ 1.0 (- (* b b) (* a a)))) (- (/ 1.0 a) (/ 1.0 b))))