HairBSDF, Mp, upper

Percentage Accurate: 98.6% → 98.8%
Time: 11.3s
Alternatives: 9
Speedup: 1.0×

Specification

?
\[\left(\left(\left(\left(\left(-1 \leq cosTheta_i \land cosTheta_i \leq 1\right) \land \left(-1 \leq cosTheta_O \land cosTheta_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta_i \land sinTheta_i \leq 1\right)\right) \land \left(-1 \leq sinTheta_O \land sinTheta_O \leq 1\right)\right) \land 0.1 < v\right) \land v \leq 1.5707964\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
  (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(-((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}

Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Accuracy vs Speed?

Herbie found 9 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup
The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Initial Program: 98.6% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v))
  (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f) * v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(-((sintheta_i * sintheta_o) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)) / ((sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0) * v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(Float32(sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / Float32(Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0)) * v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(-((sinTheta_i * sinTheta_O) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v)) / ((sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)) * v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}
\end{array}

Alternative 1: 98.8% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot \left(-sinTheta_i\right)}{v}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/
  (*
   (exp (/ (* sinTheta_O (- sinTheta_i)) v))
   (* (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) (/ 1.0 v)))
  (* v (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (expf(((sinTheta_O * -sinTheta_i) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) * (1.0f / v))) / (v * (sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (exp(((sintheta_o * -sintheta_i) / v)) * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) * (1.0e0 / v))) / (v * (sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(sinTheta_O * Float32(-sinTheta_i)) / v)) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) * Float32(Float32(1.0) / v))) / Float32(v * Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0))))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (exp(((sinTheta_O * -sinTheta_i) / v)) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) * (single(1.0) / v))) / (v * (sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot \left(-sinTheta_i\right)}{v}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.4%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv98.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  3. Applied egg-rr98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  4. Final simplification98.6%

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot \left(-sinTheta_i\right)}{v}} \cdot \left(\left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)} \]

Alternative 2: 98.5% accurate, 1.0× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{1}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  (* (/ 1.0 v) (/ cosTheta_i v))
  (/ cosTheta_O (- (exp (/ 1.0 v)) (exp (/ -1.0 v))))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return ((1.0f / v) * (cosTheta_i / v)) * (cosTheta_O / (expf((1.0f / v)) - expf((-1.0f / v))));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = ((1.0e0 / v) * (costheta_i / v)) * (costheta_o / (exp((1.0e0 / v)) - exp(((-1.0e0) / v))))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v) * Float32(cosTheta_i / v)) * Float32(cosTheta_O / Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) - exp(Float32(Float32(-1.0) / v)))))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = ((single(1.0) / v) * (cosTheta_i / v)) * (cosTheta_O / (exp((single(1.0) / v)) - exp((single(-1.0) / v))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{1}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.4%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. associate-*r/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    8. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    9. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    10. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    11. associate-/r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    12. metadata-eval98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    13. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot sinTheta_O}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    14. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta_i}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    15. exp-prod98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_O around 0 98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{{v}^{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \]
    2. unpow298.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    3. rec-exp98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    4. distribute-neg-frac98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
    5. metadata-eval98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \]
  6. Simplified98.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v}}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \]
    2. div-inv98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr98.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \]
  9. Final simplification98.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \]

Alternative 3: 98.6% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(\frac{1}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* (* (/ 1.0 v) (/ cosTheta_i v)) (/ cosTheta_O (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return ((1.0f / v) * (cosTheta_i / v)) * (cosTheta_O / (sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = ((1.0e0 / v) * (costheta_i / v)) * (costheta_o / (sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v) * Float32(cosTheta_i / v)) * Float32(cosTheta_O / Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0))))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = ((single(1.0) / v) * (cosTheta_i / v)) * (cosTheta_O / (sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0)));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(\frac{1}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.4%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. associate-*r/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    8. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    9. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    10. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    11. associate-/r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    12. metadata-eval98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    13. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot sinTheta_O}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    14. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta_i}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    15. exp-prod98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_O around 0 98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{{v}^{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \]
    2. unpow298.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    3. rec-exp98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    4. distribute-neg-frac98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
    5. metadata-eval98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \]
  6. Simplified98.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v}}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \]
    2. div-inv98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr98.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    2. neg-mul-198.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    3. sinh-undef98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    4. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr98.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
  11. Final simplification98.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{1}{v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]

Alternative 4: 98.4% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{cosTheta_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* (/ cosTheta_O (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0)) (/ cosTheta_i (* v v))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (cosTheta_O / (sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f)) * (cosTheta_i / (v * v));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (costheta_o / (sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0)) * (costheta_i / (v * v))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O / Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0))) * Float32(cosTheta_i / Float32(v * v)))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (cosTheta_O / (sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0))) * (cosTheta_i / (v * v));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{cosTheta_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.4%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. associate-*r/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    8. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    9. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    10. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    11. associate-/r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    12. metadata-eval98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    13. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot sinTheta_O}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    14. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta_i}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    15. exp-prod98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_O around 0 98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{{v}^{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \]
    2. unpow298.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    3. rec-exp98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    4. distribute-neg-frac98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
    5. metadata-eval98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \]
  6. Simplified98.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    2. neg-mul-198.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    3. sinh-undef98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    4. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr98.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
  9. Final simplification98.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \]

Alternative 5: 98.4% accurate, 1.9× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{cosTheta_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v}}{v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* (/ cosTheta_O (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0)) (/ (/ cosTheta_i v) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (cosTheta_O / (sinhf((1.0f / v)) * 2.0f)) * ((cosTheta_i / v) / v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (costheta_o / (sinh((1.0e0 / v)) * 2.0e0)) * ((costheta_i / v) / v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_O / Float32(sinh(Float32(Float32(1.0) / v)) * Float32(2.0))) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i / v) / v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (cosTheta_O / (sinh((single(1.0) / v)) * single(2.0))) * ((cosTheta_i / v) / v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{cosTheta_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v}}{v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.4%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. associate-*r/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    8. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    9. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    10. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    11. associate-/r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    12. metadata-eval98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    13. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot sinTheta_O}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    14. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta_i}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    15. exp-prod98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in sinTheta_O around 0 98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{{v}^{2} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}\right)}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. times-frac98.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{{v}^{2}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}}} \]
    2. unpow298.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{\color{blue}{v \cdot v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \frac{1}{e^{\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    3. rec-exp98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - \color{blue}{e^{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    4. distribute-neg-frac98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
    5. metadata-eval98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{\color{blue}{-1}}{v}}} \]
  6. Simplified98.3%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}}} \]
  7. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-/r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v}}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \]
    2. div-inv98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \]
  8. Applied egg-rr98.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\frac{-1}{v}}} \]
  9. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv98.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    2. neg-mul-198.3%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{e^{\frac{1}{v}} - e^{\color{blue}{-\frac{1}{v}}}} \]
    3. sinh-undef98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\color{blue}{2 \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    4. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i}{v \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
  10. Applied egg-rr98.5%

    \[\leadsto \left(\frac{cosTheta_i}{v} \cdot \frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2}} \]
  11. Step-by-step derivation
    1. un-div-inv98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v}}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
  12. Applied egg-rr98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v}}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \]
  13. Final simplification98.4%

    \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_O}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2} \cdot \frac{\frac{cosTheta_i}{v}}{v} \]

Alternative 6: 59.3% accurate, 24.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O \cdot \left(cosTheta_i \cdot 0.5\right)}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/ 1.0 (/ v (* cosTheta_O (* cosTheta_i 0.5)))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return 1.0f / (v / (cosTheta_O * (cosTheta_i * 0.5f)));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = 1.0e0 / (v / (costheta_o * (costheta_i * 0.5e0)))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(v / Float32(cosTheta_O * Float32(cosTheta_i * Float32(0.5)))))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(1.0) / (v / (cosTheta_O * (cosTheta_i * single(0.5))));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O \cdot \left(cosTheta_i \cdot 0.5\right)}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.4%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. associate-*r/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    8. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    9. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    10. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    11. associate-/r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    12. metadata-eval98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    13. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot sinTheta_O}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    14. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta_i}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    15. exp-prod98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in v around inf 56.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*r/56.3%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5 \cdot \left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right)}{v}} \]
    2. clear-num56.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{v}{0.5 \cdot \left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right)}}} \]
    3. associate-*r*56.9%

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{v}{\color{blue}{\left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta_i\right) \cdot cosTheta_O}}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr56.9%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{v}{\left(0.5 \cdot cosTheta_i\right) \cdot cosTheta_O}}} \]
  7. Final simplification56.9%

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_O \cdot \left(cosTheta_i \cdot 0.5\right)}} \]

Alternative 7: 58.8% accurate, 31.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ 0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* 0.5 (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return 0.5f * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = 0.5e0 * ((costheta_i * costheta_o) / v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(0.5) * Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(0.5) * ((cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) / v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.4%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. associate-*r/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    8. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    9. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    10. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    11. associate-/r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    12. metadata-eval98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    13. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot sinTheta_O}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    14. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta_i}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    15. exp-prod98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in v around inf 56.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}} \]
  5. Final simplification56.2%

    \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \]

Alternative 8: 58.8% accurate, 31.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{0.5}{v} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (* (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) (/ 0.5 v)))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) * (0.5f / v);
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = (costheta_i * costheta_o) * (0.5e0 / v)
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) * Float32(Float32(0.5) / v))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O) * (single(0.5) / v);
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{0.5}{v}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.4%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}} \]
    2. times-frac98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right)}{\left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right) \cdot v}} \]
    3. exp-neg98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}} \cdot \left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right)}{\left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-*l/98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right)}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{\left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. *-lft-identity98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{\left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. associate-/l/98.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{\left(\left(\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right) \cdot v\right) \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}} \]
    7. associate-*l*98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{\left(\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(2 \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot v\right) \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}} \]
    8. associate-*l*98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{\color{blue}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\left(2 \cdot v\right) \cdot v\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}} \]
    9. *-commutative98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot 2\right)} \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}} \]
    10. *-commutative98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\left(v \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}}{v}}} \]
    11. associate-*l/98.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\left(v \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_O}{v} \cdot sinTheta_i}}} \]
  3. Simplified98.5%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\left(v \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_O}{v} \cdot sinTheta_i}}} \]
  4. Step-by-step derivation
    1. div-inv98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\left(v \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right)\right) \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_O}{v} \cdot sinTheta_i}}} \]
    2. associate-*l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\left(v \cdot 2\right) \cdot v\right) \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_O}{v} \cdot sinTheta_i}\right)}} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)\right)} \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_O}{v} \cdot sinTheta_i}\right)} \]
    4. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\left(v \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_O \cdot sinTheta_i}{v}}}\right)} \]
    5. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\left(v \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)\right) \cdot e^{\frac{\color{blue}{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}}{v}}\right)} \]
    6. associate-/l*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\left(v \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)\right) \cdot e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta_O}}}}\right)} \]
  5. Applied egg-rr98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot \left(\left(v \cdot \left(v \cdot 2\right)\right) \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_i}{\frac{v}{sinTheta_O}}}\right)}} \]
  6. Taylor expanded in v around inf 56.2%

    \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{v}} \]
  7. Final simplification56.2%

    \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O\right) \cdot \frac{0.5}{v} \]

Alternative 9: 59.2% accurate, 31.4× speedup?

\[\begin{array}{l} \\ \frac{0.5}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}} \end{array} \]
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
 :precision binary32
 (/ 0.5 (/ v (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O))))
float code(float cosTheta_i, float cosTheta_O, float sinTheta_i, float sinTheta_O, float v) {
	return 0.5f / (v / (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O));
}
real(4) function code(costheta_i, costheta_o, sintheta_i, sintheta_o, v)
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: costheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_i
    real(4), intent (in) :: sintheta_o
    real(4), intent (in) :: v
    code = 0.5e0 / (v / (costheta_i * costheta_o))
end function
function code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	return Float32(Float32(0.5) / Float32(v / Float32(cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O)))
end
function tmp = code(cosTheta_i, cosTheta_O, sinTheta_i, sinTheta_O, v)
	tmp = single(0.5) / (v / (cosTheta_i * cosTheta_O));
end
\begin{array}{l}

\\
\frac{0.5}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}}
\end{array}
Derivation
  1. Initial program 98.4%

    \[\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}} \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
  2. Step-by-step derivation
    1. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    2. associate-*r/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v}} \]
    3. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{cosTheta_O \cdot cosTheta_i}}{v} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    4. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{cosTheta_O}{v} \cdot cosTheta_i\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    5. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right) \cdot v} \]
    6. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{v \cdot \left(\sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right) \cdot 2\right)}} \]
    7. associate-*r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{\color{blue}{\left(v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)\right) \cdot 2}} \]
    8. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{e^{-\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
    9. exp-neg98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{2}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    10. associate-/l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{2 \cdot e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    11. associate-/r*98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{2}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    12. metadata-eval98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0.5}}{e^{\frac{sinTheta_i \cdot sinTheta_O}{v}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    13. associate-*l/98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{\frac{sinTheta_i}{v} \cdot sinTheta_O}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    14. *-commutative98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{e^{\color{blue}{sinTheta_O \cdot \frac{sinTheta_i}{v}}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
    15. exp-prod98.4%

      \[\leadsto \left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{\color{blue}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)} \]
  3. Simplified98.4%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(cosTheta_i \cdot \frac{cosTheta_O}{v}\right) \cdot \frac{\frac{0.5}{{\left(e^{sinTheta_O}\right)}^{\left(\frac{sinTheta_i}{v}\right)}}}{v \cdot \sinh \left(\frac{1}{v}\right)}} \]
  4. Taylor expanded in v around inf 56.2%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}{v}} \]
  5. Step-by-step derivation
    1. clear-num56.7%

      \[\leadsto 0.5 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}}} \]
    2. un-div-inv56.7%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}}} \]
  6. Applied egg-rr56.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{0.5}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}}} \]
  7. Final simplification56.7%

    \[\leadsto \frac{0.5}{\frac{v}{cosTheta_i \cdot cosTheta_O}} \]

Reproduce

?
herbie shell --seed 2023188 
(FPCore (cosTheta_i cosTheta_O sinTheta_i sinTheta_O v)
  :name "HairBSDF, Mp, upper"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (and (and (and (and (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_i) (<= cosTheta_i 1.0)) (and (<= -1.0 cosTheta_O) (<= cosTheta_O 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_i) (<= sinTheta_i 1.0))) (and (<= -1.0 sinTheta_O) (<= sinTheta_O 1.0))) (< 0.1 v)) (<= v 1.5707964))
  (/ (* (exp (- (/ (* sinTheta_i sinTheta_O) v))) (/ (* cosTheta_i cosTheta_O) v)) (* (* (sinh (/ 1.0 v)) 2.0) v)))