| Alternative 1 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 99.5% |
| Cost | 36168 |

(FPCore (x) :precision binary32 (copysign (log (+ (fabs x) (sqrt (+ (* x x) 1.0)))) x))
(FPCore (x)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (copysign (log (+ (fabs x) (sqrt (+ (* x x) 1.0)))) x)))
(if (<= t_0 -0.4000000059604645)
(copysign (- (log (- (hypot 1.0 x) x))) x)
(if (<= t_0 0.019999999552965164)
(copysign
(+ (* -0.16666666666666666 (pow x 3.0)) (+ x (* 0.075 (pow x 5.0))))
x)
(copysign (log (+ x (hypot 1.0 x))) x)))))float code(float x) {
return copysignf(logf((fabsf(x) + sqrtf(((x * x) + 1.0f)))), x);
}
float code(float x) {
float t_0 = copysignf(logf((fabsf(x) + sqrtf(((x * x) + 1.0f)))), x);
float tmp;
if (t_0 <= -0.4000000059604645f) {
tmp = copysignf(-logf((hypotf(1.0f, x) - x)), x);
} else if (t_0 <= 0.019999999552965164f) {
tmp = copysignf(((-0.16666666666666666f * powf(x, 3.0f)) + (x + (0.075f * powf(x, 5.0f)))), x);
} else {
tmp = copysignf(logf((x + hypotf(1.0f, x))), x);
}
return tmp;
}
function code(x) return copysign(log(Float32(abs(x) + sqrt(Float32(Float32(x * x) + Float32(1.0))))), x) end
function code(x) t_0 = copysign(log(Float32(abs(x) + sqrt(Float32(Float32(x * x) + Float32(1.0))))), x) tmp = Float32(0.0) if (t_0 <= Float32(-0.4000000059604645)) tmp = copysign(Float32(-log(Float32(hypot(Float32(1.0), x) - x))), x); elseif (t_0 <= Float32(0.019999999552965164)) tmp = copysign(Float32(Float32(Float32(-0.16666666666666666) * (x ^ Float32(3.0))) + Float32(x + Float32(Float32(0.075) * (x ^ Float32(5.0))))), x); else tmp = copysign(log(Float32(x + hypot(Float32(1.0), x))), x); end return tmp end
function tmp = code(x) tmp = sign(x) * abs(log((abs(x) + sqrt(((x * x) + single(1.0)))))); end
function tmp_2 = code(x) t_0 = sign(x) * abs(log((abs(x) + sqrt(((x * x) + single(1.0)))))); tmp = single(0.0); if (t_0 <= single(-0.4000000059604645)) tmp = sign(x) * abs(-log((hypot(single(1.0), x) - x))); elseif (t_0 <= single(0.019999999552965164)) tmp = sign(x) * abs(((single(-0.16666666666666666) * (x ^ single(3.0))) + (x + (single(0.075) * (x ^ single(5.0)))))); else tmp = sign(x) * abs(log((x + hypot(single(1.0), x)))); end tmp_2 = tmp; end
\mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\left|x\right| + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right), x\right)
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\left|x\right| + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right), x\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;t_0 \leq -0.4000000059604645:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{copysign}\left(-\log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right), x\right)\\
\mathbf{elif}\;t_0 \leq 0.019999999552965164:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{copysign}\left(-0.16666666666666666 \cdot {x}^{3} + \left(x + 0.075 \cdot {x}^{5}\right), x\right)\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right), x\right)\\
\end{array}
Herbie found 14 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
| Original | 38.0% |
|---|---|
| Target | 99.6% |
| Herbie | 99.5% |
if (copysign.f32 (log.f32 (+.f32 (fabs.f32 x) (sqrt.f32 (+.f32 (*.f32 x x) 1)))) x) < -0.400000006Initial program 50.8%
Applied egg-rr12.1%
[Start]50.8% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\left|x\right| + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right), x\right)
\] |
|---|---|
+-commutative [=>]50.8% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} + \left|x\right|\right)}, x\right)
\] |
add-sqr-sqrt [=>]-0.0% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} + \left|\color{blue}{\sqrt{x} \cdot \sqrt{x}}\right|\right), x\right)
\] |
fabs-sqr [=>]-0.0% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{x} \cdot \sqrt{x}}\right), x\right)
\] |
add-sqr-sqrt [<=]14.3% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} + \color{blue}{x}\right), x\right)
\] |
flip-+ [=>]12.0% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} \cdot \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} - x \cdot x}{\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} - x}\right)}, x\right)
\] |
log-div [=>]11.9% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\color{blue}{\log \left(\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} \cdot \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} - x \cdot x\right) - \log \left(\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} - x\right)}, x\right)
\] |
add-sqr-sqrt [<=]12.6% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)} - x \cdot x\right) - \log \left(\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} - x\right), x\right)
\] |
fma-def [=>]12.1% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)} - x \cdot x\right) - \log \left(\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} - x\right), x\right)
\] |
+-commutative [=>]12.1% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right) - x \cdot x\right) - \log \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + x \cdot x}} - x\right), x\right)
\] |
hypot-1-def [=>]12.1% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right) - x \cdot x\right) - \log \left(\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)} - x\right), x\right)
\] |
Simplified99.9%
[Start]12.1% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right) - x \cdot x\right) - \log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right), x\right)
\] |
|---|---|
fma-udef [=>]12.6% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)} - x \cdot x\right) - \log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right), x\right)
\] |
+-commutative [<=]12.6% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\color{blue}{\left(1 + x \cdot x\right)} - x \cdot x\right) - \log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right), x\right)
\] |
associate--l+ [=>]47.4% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(x \cdot x - x \cdot x\right)\right)} - \log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right), x\right)
\] |
+-inverses [=>]99.9% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(1 + \color{blue}{0}\right) - \log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right), x\right)
\] |
metadata-eval [=>]99.9% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \color{blue}{1} - \log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right), x\right)
\] |
metadata-eval [=>]99.9% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\color{blue}{0} - \log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right), x\right)
\] |
neg-sub0 [<=]99.9% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\color{blue}{-\log \left(\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x\right)}, x\right)
\] |
if -0.400000006 < (copysign.f32 (log.f32 (+.f32 (fabs.f32 x) (sqrt.f32 (+.f32 (*.f32 x x) 1)))) x) < 0.0199999996Initial program 20.2%
Applied egg-rr20.2%
[Start]20.2% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\left|x\right| + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right), x\right)
\] |
|---|---|
+-commutative [=>]20.2% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} + \left|x\right|\right)}, x\right)
\] |
add-sqr-sqrt [=>]11.0% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} + \left|\color{blue}{\sqrt{x} \cdot \sqrt{x}}\right|\right), x\right)
\] |
fabs-sqr [=>]11.0% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} + \color{blue}{\sqrt{x} \cdot \sqrt{x}}\right), x\right)
\] |
add-sqr-sqrt [<=]20.4% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} + \color{blue}{x}\right), x\right)
\] |
flip-+ [=>]20.2% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} \cdot \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} - x \cdot x}{\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} - x}\right)}, x\right)
\] |
add-sqr-sqrt [<=]20.1% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)} - x \cdot x}{\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} - x}\right), x\right)
\] |
fma-def [=>]20.1% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right)} - x \cdot x}{\sqrt{x \cdot x + 1} - x}\right), x\right)
\] |
+-commutative [=>]20.1% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right) - x \cdot x}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + x \cdot x}} - x}\right), x\right)
\] |
hypot-1-def [=>]20.2% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right) - x \cdot x}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)} - x}\right), x\right)
\] |
Simplified20.2%
[Start]20.2% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(x, x, 1\right) - x \cdot x}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x}\right), x\right)
\] |
|---|---|
fma-udef [=>]20.2% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(x \cdot x + 1\right)} - x \cdot x}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x}\right), x\right)
\] |
+-commutative [<=]20.2% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(1 + x \cdot x\right)} - x \cdot x}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x}\right), x\right)
\] |
associate--l+ [=>]20.2% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{1 + \left(x \cdot x - x \cdot x\right)}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x}\right), x\right)
\] |
+-inverses [=>]20.2% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\frac{1 + \color{blue}{0}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x}\right), x\right)
\] |
metadata-eval [=>]20.2% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\frac{\color{blue}{1}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right) - x}\right), x\right)
\] |
Taylor expanded in x around 0 100.0%
if 0.0199999996 < (copysign.f32 (log.f32 (+.f32 (fabs.f32 x) (sqrt.f32 (+.f32 (*.f32 x x) 1)))) x) Initial program 56.3%
Applied egg-rr99.9%
[Start]56.3% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\left|x\right| + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right), x\right)
\] |
|---|---|
*-un-lft-identity [=>]56.3% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \color{blue}{\left(1 \cdot \left(\left|x\right| + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right)\right)}, x\right)
\] |
*-commutative [=>]56.3% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \color{blue}{\left(\left(\left|x\right| + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) \cdot 1\right)}, x\right)
\] |
log-prod [=>]56.3% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\color{blue}{\log \left(\left|x\right| + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) + \log 1}, x\right)
\] |
add-sqr-sqrt [=>]56.3% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\left|\color{blue}{\sqrt{x} \cdot \sqrt{x}}\right| + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) + \log 1, x\right)
\] |
fabs-sqr [=>]56.3% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{x} \cdot \sqrt{x}} + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) + \log 1, x\right)
\] |
add-sqr-sqrt [<=]56.3% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(\color{blue}{x} + \sqrt{x \cdot x + 1}\right) + \log 1, x\right)
\] |
+-commutative [=>]56.3% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(x + \sqrt{\color{blue}{1 + x \cdot x}}\right) + \log 1, x\right)
\] |
hypot-1-def [=>]99.9% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(x + \color{blue}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)}\right) + \log 1, x\right)
\] |
metadata-eval [=>]99.9% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right) + \color{blue}{0}, x\right)
\] |
Simplified99.9%
[Start]99.9% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right) + 0, x\right)
\] |
|---|---|
+-rgt-identity [=>]99.9% | \[ \mathsf{copysign}\left(\color{blue}{\log \left(x + \mathsf{hypot}\left(1, x\right)\right)}, x\right)
\] |
Final simplification100.0%
| Alternative 1 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 99.5% |
| Cost | 36168 |
| Alternative 2 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 99.0% |
| Cost | 9896 |
| Alternative 3 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 99.5% |
| Cost | 9896 |
| Alternative 4 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 98.1% |
| Cost | 6820 |
| Alternative 5 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 97.8% |
| Cost | 6792 |
| Alternative 6 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 97.8% |
| Cost | 6792 |
| Alternative 7 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 97.4% |
| Cost | 6760 |
| Alternative 8 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 78.5% |
| Cost | 6664 |
| Alternative 9 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 97.0% |
| Cost | 6664 |
| Alternative 10 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 96.9% |
| Cost | 6664 |
| Alternative 11 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 63.7% |
| Cost | 6532 |
| Alternative 12 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 61.1% |
| Cost | 3400 |
| Alternative 13 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 17.6% |
| Cost | 3264 |
| Alternative 14 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 18.9% |
| Cost | 3264 |
herbie shell --seed 2023178
(FPCore (x)
:name "Rust f32::asinh"
:precision binary32
:herbie-target
(copysign (log1p (+ (fabs x) (/ (fabs x) (+ (hypot 1.0 (/ 1.0 (fabs x))) (/ 1.0 (fabs x)))))) x)
(copysign (log (+ (fabs x) (sqrt (+ (* x x) 1.0)))) x))