
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 7 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(let* ((t_0 (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
(*
(- s)
(log
(-
(/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) t_0)) t_0))
1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
float t_0 = 1.0f / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)));
return -s * logf(((1.0f / ((u * ((1.0f / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - 1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) t_0 = Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u * Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - Float32(1.0)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) t_0 = single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s))); tmp = -s * log(((single(1.0) / ((u * ((single(1.0) / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) - t_0)) + t_0)) - single(1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{1}{u \cdot \left(\frac{1}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} - t_0\right) + t_0} - 1\right)
\end{array}
\end{array}
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
(/
1.0
(+
(/ u (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s))))
(/ (- 1.0 u) (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s))))))
-1.0)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(((1.0f / ((u / (1.0f + expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)))) + ((1.0f - u) / (1.0f + expf((((float) M_PI) / s)))))) + -1.0f));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / Float32(Float32(u / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)))) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - u) / Float32(Float32(1.0) + exp(Float32(Float32(pi) / s)))))) + Float32(-1.0))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log(((single(1.0) / ((u / (single(1.0) + exp((-single(pi) / s)))) + ((single(1.0) - u) / (single(1.0) + exp((single(pi) / s)))))) + single(-1.0))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{1}{\frac{u}{1 + e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}} + \frac{1 - u}{1 + e^{\frac{\pi}{s}}}} + -1\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.1%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.1%
sub-neg99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Final simplification99.1%
(FPCore (u s)
:precision binary32
(*
s
(-
(log
(+
(/ (exp (/ (- PI) s)) u)
(/ (+ -1.0 (/ (/ 1.0 u) u)) (- 1.0 (/ -1.0 u))))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * -logf(((expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)) / u) + ((-1.0f + ((1.0f / u) / u)) / (1.0f - (-1.0f / u)))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(-log(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)) / u) + Float32(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) / u) / u)) / Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(Float32(-1.0) / u))))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * -log(((exp((-single(pi) / s)) / u) + ((single(-1.0) + ((single(1.0) / u) / u)) / (single(1.0) - (single(-1.0) / u))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(-\log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}{u} + \frac{-1 + \frac{\frac{1}{u}}{u}}{1 - \frac{-1}{u}}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.1%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.1%
sub-neg99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 85.2%
+-commutative85.2%
Simplified85.2%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 96.7%
mul-1-neg96.7%
*-commutative96.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-in96.7%
associate--l+96.7%
mul-1-neg96.7%
distribute-frac-neg96.7%
sub-neg96.7%
metadata-eval96.7%
Simplified96.7%
flip-+96.7%
metadata-eval96.7%
Applied egg-rr96.7%
sub-neg96.7%
metadata-eval96.7%
+-commutative96.7%
associate-*r/96.7%
*-rgt-identity96.7%
sub-neg96.7%
metadata-eval96.7%
+-commutative96.7%
*-lft-identity96.7%
metadata-eval96.7%
cancel-sign-sub-inv96.7%
*-commutative96.7%
associate-*l/96.7%
metadata-eval96.7%
Simplified96.7%
Final simplification96.7%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (+ (/ (exp (/ (- PI) s)) u) (+ -1.0 (/ 1.0 u))))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)) / u) + (-1.0f + (1.0f / u))));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)) / u) + Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / u))))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((exp((-single(pi) / s)) / u) + (single(-1.0) + (single(1.0) / u)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}{u} + \left(-1 + \frac{1}{u}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.1%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.1%
sub-neg99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 85.2%
+-commutative85.2%
Simplified85.2%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 96.7%
mul-1-neg96.7%
*-commutative96.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-in96.7%
associate--l+96.7%
mul-1-neg96.7%
distribute-frac-neg96.7%
sub-neg96.7%
metadata-eval96.7%
Simplified96.7%
Final simplification96.7%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (+ (/ (exp (/ (- PI) s)) u) (/ 1.0 u)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf(((expf((-((float) M_PI) / s)) / u) + (1.0f / u)));
}
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-Float32(pi)) / s)) / u) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / u)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log(((exp((-single(pi) / s)) / u) + (single(1.0) / u))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(\frac{e^{\frac{-\pi}{s}}}{u} + \frac{1}{u}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.1%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.1%
sub-neg99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 85.2%
+-commutative85.2%
Simplified85.2%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 96.7%
mul-1-neg96.7%
*-commutative96.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-in96.7%
associate--l+96.7%
mul-1-neg96.7%
distribute-frac-neg96.7%
sub-neg96.7%
metadata-eval96.7%
Simplified96.7%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 73.5%
Final simplification73.5%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* (- s) (log (+ -1.0 (/ 2.0 u)))))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -s * logf((-1.0f + (2.0f / u)));
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = -s * log(((-1.0e0) + (2.0e0 / u)))
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-s) * log(Float32(Float32(-1.0) + Float32(Float32(2.0) / u)))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = -s * log((single(-1.0) + (single(2.0) / u))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\left(-s\right) \cdot \log \left(-1 + \frac{2}{u}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.1%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.1%
sub-neg99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 85.2%
+-commutative85.2%
Simplified85.2%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 96.7%
mul-1-neg96.7%
*-commutative96.7%
distribute-rgt-neg-in96.7%
associate--l+96.7%
mul-1-neg96.7%
distribute-frac-neg96.7%
sub-neg96.7%
metadata-eval96.7%
Simplified96.7%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 36.2%
associate-*r*36.2%
neg-mul-136.2%
sub-neg36.2%
associate-*r/36.2%
metadata-eval36.2%
metadata-eval36.2%
Simplified36.2%
Final simplification36.2%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* -2.0 (* s u)))
float code(float u, float s) {
return -2.0f * (s * u);
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = (-2.0e0) * (s * u)
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(Float32(-2.0) * Float32(s * u)) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = single(-2.0) * (s * u); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
-2 \cdot \left(s \cdot u\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.1%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.1%
sub-neg99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 9.6%
*-commutative9.6%
associate-*l*9.6%
sub-neg9.6%
mul-1-neg9.6%
distribute-frac-neg9.6%
metadata-eval9.6%
Simplified9.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 16.0%
mul-1-neg16.0%
unsub-neg16.0%
Simplified16.0%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 16.0%
Final simplification16.0%
(FPCore (u s) :precision binary32 (* s (* u -2.0)))
float code(float u, float s) {
return s * (u * -2.0f);
}
real(4) function code(u, s)
real(4), intent (in) :: u
real(4), intent (in) :: s
code = s * (u * (-2.0e0))
end function
function code(u, s) return Float32(s * Float32(u * Float32(-2.0))) end
function tmp = code(u, s) tmp = s * (u * single(-2.0)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
s \cdot \left(u \cdot -2\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.1%
distribute-lft-neg-out99.1%
distribute-rgt-neg-in99.1%
sub-neg99.1%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 9.8%
Taylor expanded in u around 0 9.6%
*-commutative9.6%
associate-*l*9.6%
sub-neg9.6%
mul-1-neg9.6%
distribute-frac-neg9.6%
metadata-eval9.6%
Simplified9.6%
Taylor expanded in s around inf 16.0%
mul-1-neg16.0%
unsub-neg16.0%
Simplified16.0%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 16.0%
*-commutative16.0%
associate-*l*16.0%
Simplified16.0%
Final simplification16.0%
herbie shell --seed 2023178
(FPCore (u s)
:name "Sample trimmed logistic on [-pi, pi]"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 2.328306437e-10 u) (<= u 1.0)) (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 1.0651631)))
(* (- s) (log (- (/ 1.0 (+ (* u (- (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ (- PI) s)))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) (/ 1.0 (+ 1.0 (exp (/ PI s)))))) 1.0))))