
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
Sampling outcomes in binary32 precision:
Herbie found 14 alternatives:
| Alternative | Accuracy | Speedup |
|---|
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r}
\end{array}
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (+ (* (/ 0.25 (* s (* 2.0 PI))) (/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) r)) (* (/ (/ 0.125 s) PI) (/ (exp (/ (- r) (* s 3.0))) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.25f / (s * (2.0f * ((float) M_PI)))) * (expf((-r / s)) / r)) + (((0.125f / s) / ((float) M_PI)) * (expf((-r / (s * 3.0f))) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)))) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) / r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / s) / Float32(pi)) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(s * Float32(3.0)))) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.25) / (s * (single(2.0) * single(pi)))) * (exp((-r / s)) / r)) + (((single(0.125) / s) / single(pi)) * (exp((-r / (s * single(3.0)))) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(2 \cdot \pi\right)} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi} \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s \cdot 3}}}{r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
times-frac99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
times-frac99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
distribute-frac-neg99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
Simplified99.5%
expm1-log1p-u99.5%
Applied egg-rr99.5%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 99.5%
associate-/r*99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ (- r) s)) (exp (/ r (/ s -0.3333333333333333)))) (* PI (* s r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((-r / s)) + expf((r / (s / -0.3333333333333333f)))) / (((float) M_PI) * (s * r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) + exp(Float32(r / Float32(s / Float32(-0.3333333333333333))))) / Float32(Float32(pi) * Float32(s * r)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((-r / s)) + exp((r / (s / single(-0.3333333333333333))))) / (single(pi) * (s * r))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}} + e^{\frac{r}{\frac{s}{-0.3333333333333333}}}}{\pi \cdot \left(s \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
associate-*l/97.6%
associate-*l/97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-/r*97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
associate-/r*97.7%
associate-*l*97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
distribute-lft-out97.6%
Simplified97.3%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 99.5%
mul-1-neg99.5%
distribute-frac-neg99.5%
associate-*r/99.5%
*-commutative99.5%
associate-/l*99.6%
associate-*r*99.6%
*-commutative99.6%
Simplified99.6%
Final simplification99.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (exp (+ (* (/ r s) -0.6666666666666666) (log (/ (/ 0.25 PI) (* s r))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return expf((((r / s) * -0.6666666666666666f) + logf(((0.25f / ((float) M_PI)) / (s * r)))));
}
function code(s, r) return exp(Float32(Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.6666666666666666)) + log(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(pi)) / Float32(s * r))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = exp((((r / s) * single(-0.6666666666666666)) + log(((single(0.25) / single(pi)) / (s * r))))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
e^{\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.6666666666666666 + \log \left(\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi}}{s \cdot r}\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
associate-*l/97.6%
associate-*l/97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-/r*97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
associate-/r*97.7%
associate-*l*97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
distribute-lft-out97.6%
Simplified97.3%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 97.5%
add-exp-log97.1%
distribute-lft-in97.1%
associate-*r/97.1%
distribute-lft-in97.1%
*-commutative97.1%
*-commutative97.1%
Applied egg-rr97.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 93.4%
associate-+r+93.5%
+-commutative93.5%
*-commutative93.5%
mul-1-neg93.5%
unsub-neg93.5%
log-div91.6%
associate-/r*91.6%
*-commutative91.6%
associate-*r*91.6%
associate-/r*91.6%
Simplified91.6%
Final simplification91.6%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (log1p (expm1 (* PI r))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * log1pf(expm1f((((float) M_PI) * r))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * log1p(expm1(Float32(Float32(pi) * r))))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(\pi \cdot r\right)\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
associate-*l/97.6%
associate-*l/97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-/r*97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
associate-/r*97.7%
associate-*l*97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
distribute-lft-out97.6%
Simplified97.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
Simplified9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
log1p-expm1-u42.5%
Applied egg-rr42.5%
Final simplification42.5%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (- (fma 0.5 (* (/ r s) (/ r s)) 1.0) (/ r s)) r) (/ (+ 1.0 (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * (((fmaf(0.5f, ((r / s) * (r / s)), 1.0f) - (r / s)) / r) + ((1.0f + (-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s))) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(Float32(fma(Float32(0.5), Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(r / s)), Float32(1.0)) - Float32(r / s)) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s))) / r))) end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{r}{s} \cdot \frac{r}{s}, 1\right) - \frac{r}{s}}{r} + \frac{1 + -0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
times-frac99.5%
times-frac99.5%
associate-*l*99.5%
associate-/r*99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
associate-/r*99.5%
associate-*l*99.5%
distribute-lft-out99.5%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.9%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 10.2%
mul-1-neg10.2%
distribute-frac-neg10.2%
associate-+r+10.2%
distribute-frac-neg10.2%
unsub-neg10.2%
fma-def10.2%
unpow210.2%
unpow210.2%
times-frac10.2%
Simplified10.2%
Final simplification10.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s (* PI r))) (+ (exp (/ (- r) s)) (+ 1.0 (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * (((float) M_PI) * r))) * (expf((-r / s)) + (1.0f + (-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s))));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * r))) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) + Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s))))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * (single(pi) * r))) * (exp((-r / s)) + (single(1.0) + (single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s)))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot r\right)} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-r}{s}} + \left(1 + -0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}\right)\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
associate-*l/97.6%
associate-*l/97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-/r*97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
associate-/r*97.7%
associate-*l*97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
distribute-lft-out97.6%
Simplified97.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.9%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.9%
Final simplification9.9%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (* 0.125 (+ (/ (exp (/ (- r) s)) r) (/ 1.0 r))) (* s PI)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f * ((expf((-r / s)) / r) + (1.0f / r))) / (s * ((float) M_PI));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) / r) + Float32(Float32(1.0) / r))) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) * ((exp((-r / s)) / r) + (single(1.0) / r))) / (s * single(pi)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125 \cdot \left(\frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{r} + \frac{1}{r}\right)}{s \cdot \pi}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
times-frac99.5%
times-frac99.5%
associate-*l*99.5%
associate-/r*99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
associate-/r*99.5%
associate-*l*99.5%
distribute-lft-out99.5%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.8%
associate-*l/9.8%
Applied egg-rr9.8%
Final simplification9.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* 0.125 (/ (+ (exp (/ (- r) s)) 1.0) (* s (* PI r)))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.125f * ((expf((-r / s)) + 1.0f) / (s * (((float) M_PI) * r)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) + Float32(1.0)) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * r)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp((-r / s)) + single(1.0)) / (s * (single(pi) * r))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{\frac{-r}{s}} + 1}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
times-frac99.5%
times-frac99.5%
associate-*l*99.5%
associate-/r*99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
associate-/r*99.5%
associate-*l*99.5%
distribute-lft-out99.5%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.8%
Taylor expanded in r around inf 9.8%
+-commutative9.8%
mul-1-neg9.8%
distribute-frac-neg9.8%
*-commutative9.8%
Simplified9.8%
Final simplification9.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ (/ 0.125 (* PI r)) s) (+ (exp (/ (- r) s)) 1.0)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return ((0.125f / (((float) M_PI) * r)) / s) * (expf((-r / s)) + 1.0f);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r)) / s) * Float32(exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s)) + Float32(1.0))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = ((single(0.125) / (single(pi) * r)) / s) * (exp((-r / s)) + single(1.0)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.125}{\pi \cdot r}}{s} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-r}{s}} + 1\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
associate-*l/97.6%
associate-*l/97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-/r*97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
associate-/r*97.7%
associate-*l*97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
distribute-lft-out97.6%
Simplified97.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.8%
Final simplification9.8%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (* (/ 0.125 (* s PI)) (+ (/ (+ 1.0 (* -0.3333333333333333 (/ r s))) r) (/ (- 1.0 (/ r s)) r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.125f / (s * ((float) M_PI))) * (((1.0f + (-0.3333333333333333f * (r / s))) / r) + ((1.0f - (r / s)) / r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.125) / Float32(s * Float32(pi))) * Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) + Float32(Float32(-0.3333333333333333) * Float32(r / s))) / r) + Float32(Float32(Float32(1.0) - Float32(r / s)) / r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.125) / (s * single(pi))) * (((single(1.0) + (single(-0.3333333333333333) * (r / s))) / r) + ((single(1.0) - (r / s)) / r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.125}{s \cdot \pi} \cdot \left(\frac{1 + -0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}{r} + \frac{1 - \frac{r}{s}}{r}\right)
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
times-frac99.5%
times-frac99.5%
associate-*l*99.5%
associate-/r*99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
metadata-eval99.5%
associate-/r*99.5%
associate-*l*99.5%
distribute-lft-out99.5%
Simplified99.1%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.9%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.2%
mul-1-neg9.2%
unsub-neg9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Final simplification9.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* r (* s PI))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (r * (s * ((float) M_PI)));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(r * Float32(s * Float32(pi)))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (r * (s * single(pi))); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{r \cdot \left(s \cdot \pi\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
associate-*l/97.6%
associate-*l/97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-/r*97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
associate-/r*97.7%
associate-*l*97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
distribute-lft-out97.6%
Simplified97.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
associate-*l*9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Final simplification9.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ 0.25 (* s (* PI r))))
float code(float s, float r) {
return 0.25f / (s * (((float) M_PI) * r));
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(s * Float32(Float32(pi) * r))) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = single(0.25) / (s * (single(pi) * r)); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(\pi \cdot r\right)}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
associate-*l/97.6%
associate-*l/97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-/r*97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
associate-/r*97.7%
associate-*l*97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
distribute-lft-out97.6%
Simplified97.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Final simplification9.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ 0.25 PI) (* s r)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f / ((float) M_PI)) / (s * r);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / Float32(pi)) / Float32(s * r)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) / single(pi)) / (s * r); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi}}{s \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
associate-*l/97.6%
associate-*l/97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-/r*97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
associate-/r*97.7%
associate-*l*97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
distribute-lft-out97.6%
Simplified97.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.2%
associate-*r*9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Taylor expanded in s around 0 9.2%
associate-*r*9.2%
associate-/l/9.2%
Simplified9.2%
Final simplification9.2%
(FPCore (s r) :precision binary32 (/ (/ 0.25 s) (* PI r)))
float code(float s, float r) {
return (0.25f / s) / (((float) M_PI) * r);
}
function code(s, r) return Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) / s) / Float32(Float32(pi) * r)) end
function tmp = code(s, r) tmp = (single(0.25) / s) / (single(pi) * r); end
\begin{array}{l}
\\
\frac{\frac{0.25}{s}}{\pi \cdot r}
\end{array}
Initial program 99.6%
associate-*l/97.6%
associate-*l/97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-*l*97.6%
associate-/r*97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
metadata-eval97.7%
associate-/r*97.7%
associate-*l*97.7%
associate-*l*97.6%
distribute-lft-out97.6%
Simplified97.3%
Taylor expanded in r around 0 9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
Simplified9.2%
*-un-lft-identity9.2%
associate-/r*9.2%
*-commutative9.2%
Applied egg-rr9.2%
Final simplification9.2%
herbie shell --seed 2023178
(FPCore (s r)
:name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
:precision binary32
:pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
(+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))