Toniolo and Linder, Equation (10-)

?

Percentage Accurate: 34.4% → 94.8%
Time: 24.2s
Precision: binary64
Cost: 20228

?

\[\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \cdot \ell \leq 0.5:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\ell \cdot \frac{\frac{2}{k}}{k \cdot t}}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(2 \cdot {\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{-2}\right) \cdot \cos k}{t}\\ \end{array} \]
(FPCore (t l k)
 :precision binary64
 (/
  2.0
  (*
   (* (* (/ (pow t 3.0) (* l l)) (sin k)) (tan k))
   (- (+ 1.0 (pow (/ k t) 2.0)) 1.0))))
(FPCore (t l k)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= (* l l) 0.5)
   (/ (* l (/ (/ 2.0 k) (* k t))) (* (/ (sin k) l) (tan k)))
   (/ (* (* 2.0 (pow (* (sin k) (/ k l)) -2.0)) (cos k)) t)))
double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return 2.0 / ((((pow(t, 3.0) / (l * l)) * sin(k)) * tan(k)) * ((1.0 + pow((k / t), 2.0)) - 1.0));
}
double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	double tmp;
	if ((l * l) <= 0.5) {
		tmp = (l * ((2.0 / k) / (k * t))) / ((sin(k) / l) * tan(k));
	} else {
		tmp = ((2.0 * pow((sin(k) * (k / l)), -2.0)) * cos(k)) / t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
real(8) function code(t, l, k)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    code = 2.0d0 / (((((t ** 3.0d0) / (l * l)) * sin(k)) * tan(k)) * ((1.0d0 + ((k / t) ** 2.0d0)) - 1.0d0))
end function
real(8) function code(t, l, k)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8), intent (in) :: k
    real(8) :: tmp
    if ((l * l) <= 0.5d0) then
        tmp = (l * ((2.0d0 / k) / (k * t))) / ((sin(k) / l) * tan(k))
    else
        tmp = ((2.0d0 * ((sin(k) * (k / l)) ** (-2.0d0))) * cos(k)) / t
    end if
    code = tmp
end function
public static double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	return 2.0 / ((((Math.pow(t, 3.0) / (l * l)) * Math.sin(k)) * Math.tan(k)) * ((1.0 + Math.pow((k / t), 2.0)) - 1.0));
}
public static double code(double t, double l, double k) {
	double tmp;
	if ((l * l) <= 0.5) {
		tmp = (l * ((2.0 / k) / (k * t))) / ((Math.sin(k) / l) * Math.tan(k));
	} else {
		tmp = ((2.0 * Math.pow((Math.sin(k) * (k / l)), -2.0)) * Math.cos(k)) / t;
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(t, l, k):
	return 2.0 / ((((math.pow(t, 3.0) / (l * l)) * math.sin(k)) * math.tan(k)) * ((1.0 + math.pow((k / t), 2.0)) - 1.0))
def code(t, l, k):
	tmp = 0
	if (l * l) <= 0.5:
		tmp = (l * ((2.0 / k) / (k * t))) / ((math.sin(k) / l) * math.tan(k))
	else:
		tmp = ((2.0 * math.pow((math.sin(k) * (k / l)), -2.0)) * math.cos(k)) / t
	return tmp
function code(t, l, k)
	return Float64(2.0 / Float64(Float64(Float64(Float64((t ^ 3.0) / Float64(l * l)) * sin(k)) * tan(k)) * Float64(Float64(1.0 + (Float64(k / t) ^ 2.0)) - 1.0)))
end
function code(t, l, k)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(l * l) <= 0.5)
		tmp = Float64(Float64(l * Float64(Float64(2.0 / k) / Float64(k * t))) / Float64(Float64(sin(k) / l) * tan(k)));
	else
		tmp = Float64(Float64(Float64(2.0 * (Float64(sin(k) * Float64(k / l)) ^ -2.0)) * cos(k)) / t);
	end
	return tmp
end
function tmp = code(t, l, k)
	tmp = 2.0 / (((((t ^ 3.0) / (l * l)) * sin(k)) * tan(k)) * ((1.0 + ((k / t) ^ 2.0)) - 1.0));
end
function tmp_2 = code(t, l, k)
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((l * l) <= 0.5)
		tmp = (l * ((2.0 / k) / (k * t))) / ((sin(k) / l) * tan(k));
	else
		tmp = ((2.0 * ((sin(k) * (k / l)) ^ -2.0)) * cos(k)) / t;
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end
code[t_, l_, k_] := N[(2.0 / N[(N[(N[(N[(N[Power[t, 3.0], $MachinePrecision] / N[(l * l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Tan[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(1.0 + N[Power[N[(k / t), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - 1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
code[t_, l_, k_] := If[LessEqual[N[(l * l), $MachinePrecision], 0.5], N[(N[(l * N[(N[(2.0 / k), $MachinePrecision] / N[(k * t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(N[(N[Sin[k], $MachinePrecision] / l), $MachinePrecision] * N[Tan[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[(N[(2.0 * N[Power[N[(N[Sin[k], $MachinePrecision] * N[(k / l), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], -2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[k], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / t), $MachinePrecision]]
\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)}
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\ell \cdot \ell \leq 0.5:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\ell \cdot \frac{\frac{2}{k}}{k \cdot t}}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(2 \cdot {\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{-2}\right) \cdot \cos k}{t}\\


\end{array}

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Herbie found 17 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup

Accuracy vs Speed

The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Bogosity?

Bogosity

Try it out?

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Derivation?

  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if (*.f64 l l) < 0.5

    1. Initial program 29.0%

      \[\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]
    2. Simplified49.2%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{{t}^{3}}}{{\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}} \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{\sin k} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\tan k}\right)} \]
      Step-by-step derivation

      [Start]29.0%

      \[ \frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]

      associate-*l* [=>]29.0%

      \[ \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \tan k\right)\right)} \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]

      associate-*l* [=>]29.0%

      \[ \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \left(\left(\sin k \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)\right)}} \]

      associate-/r* [=>]29.0%

      \[ \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell}}}{\left(\sin k \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)}} \]

      associate-/r/ [=>]29.0%

      \[ \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{2}{{t}^{3}} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot \ell\right)}}{\left(\sin k \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]

      *-commutative [=>]29.0%

      \[ \frac{\frac{2}{{t}^{3}} \cdot \left(\ell \cdot \ell\right)}{\color{blue}{\left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right) \cdot \left(\sin k \cdot \tan k\right)}} \]

      times-frac [=>]30.5%

      \[ \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{{t}^{3}}}{\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1} \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{\sin k \cdot \tan k}} \]

      +-commutative [=>]30.5%

      \[ \frac{\frac{2}{{t}^{3}}}{\color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + 1\right)} - 1} \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{\sin k \cdot \tan k} \]

      associate--l+ [=>]42.3%

      \[ \frac{\frac{2}{{t}^{3}}}{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + \left(1 - 1\right)}} \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{\sin k \cdot \tan k} \]

      metadata-eval [=>]42.3%

      \[ \frac{\frac{2}{{t}^{3}}}{{\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2} + \color{blue}{0}} \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{\sin k \cdot \tan k} \]

      +-rgt-identity [=>]42.3%

      \[ \frac{\frac{2}{{t}^{3}}}{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}}} \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{\sin k \cdot \tan k} \]

      times-frac [=>]49.2%

      \[ \frac{\frac{2}{{t}^{3}}}{{\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\ell}{\sin k} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\tan k}\right)} \]
    3. Taylor expanded in t around 0 87.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{{k}^{2} \cdot t}} \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{\sin k} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\tan k}\right) \]
    4. Simplified87.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{\left(k \cdot k\right) \cdot t}} \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{\sin k} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\tan k}\right) \]
      Step-by-step derivation

      [Start]87.5%

      \[ \frac{2}{{k}^{2} \cdot t} \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{\sin k} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\tan k}\right) \]

      unpow2 [=>]87.5%

      \[ \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(k \cdot k\right)} \cdot t} \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{\sin k} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\tan k}\right) \]
    5. Applied egg-rr87.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\left(k \cdot k\right) \cdot t} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\ell}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}} \]
      Step-by-step derivation

      [Start]87.5%

      \[ \frac{2}{\left(k \cdot k\right) \cdot t} \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{\sin k} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\tan k}\right) \]

      clear-num [=>]87.5%

      \[ \frac{2}{\left(k \cdot k\right) \cdot t} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell}}} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\tan k}\right) \]

      frac-times [=>]87.6%

      \[ \frac{2}{\left(k \cdot k\right) \cdot t} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \ell}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}} \]

      *-un-lft-identity [<=]87.6%

      \[ \frac{2}{\left(k \cdot k\right) \cdot t} \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{\ell}}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr62.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\right)} - 1} \]
      Step-by-step derivation

      [Start]87.6%

      \[ \frac{2}{\left(k \cdot k\right) \cdot t} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k} \]

      expm1-log1p-u [=>]69.4%

      \[ \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{\left(k \cdot k\right) \cdot t} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\right)\right)} \]

      expm1-udef [=>]62.2%

      \[ \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{\left(k \cdot k\right) \cdot t} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\right)} - 1} \]

      associate-*l* [=>]62.8%

      \[ e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{\color{blue}{k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)}} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\right)} - 1 \]
    7. Simplified94.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\ell \cdot \frac{\frac{2}{k}}{k \cdot t}}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}} \]
      Step-by-step derivation

      [Start]62.8%

      \[ e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\right)} - 1 \]

      expm1-def [=>]72.3%

      \[ \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\right)\right)} \]

      expm1-log1p [=>]91.9%

      \[ \color{blue}{\frac{2}{k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}} \]

      associate-*r/ [=>]94.8%

      \[ \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)} \cdot \ell}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}} \]

      *-commutative [=>]94.8%

      \[ \frac{\color{blue}{\ell \cdot \frac{2}{k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)}}}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k} \]

      associate-/r* [=>]94.8%

      \[ \frac{\ell \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{k}}{k \cdot t}}}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k} \]

    if 0.5 < (*.f64 l l)

    1. Initial program 29.3%

      \[\frac{2}{\left(\left(\frac{{t}^{3}}{\ell \cdot \ell} \cdot \sin k\right) \cdot \tan k\right) \cdot \left(\left(1 + {\left(\frac{k}{t}\right)}^{2}\right) - 1\right)} \]
    2. Taylor expanded in t around 0 68.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2} \cdot \left({\sin k}^{2} \cdot t\right)}{\cos k \cdot {\ell}^{2}}}} \]
    3. Simplified68.6%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\left(k \cdot k\right) \cdot \left(t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}\right)}{\cos k}}{\ell \cdot \ell}}} \]
      Step-by-step derivation

      [Start]68.5%

      \[ \frac{2}{\frac{{k}^{2} \cdot \left({\sin k}^{2} \cdot t\right)}{\cos k \cdot {\ell}^{2}}} \]

      associate-/r* [=>]68.6%

      \[ \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{{k}^{2} \cdot \left({\sin k}^{2} \cdot t\right)}{\cos k}}{{\ell}^{2}}}} \]

      unpow2 [=>]68.6%

      \[ \frac{2}{\frac{\frac{\color{blue}{\left(k \cdot k\right)} \cdot \left({\sin k}^{2} \cdot t\right)}{\cos k}}{{\ell}^{2}}} \]

      *-commutative [=>]68.6%

      \[ \frac{2}{\frac{\frac{\left(k \cdot k\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}\right)}}{\cos k}}{{\ell}^{2}}} \]

      unpow2 [=>]68.6%

      \[ \frac{2}{\frac{\frac{\left(k \cdot k\right) \cdot \left(t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}\right)}{\cos k}}{\color{blue}{\ell \cdot \ell}}} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in k around inf 68.5%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2} \cdot \left({\sin k}^{2} \cdot t\right)}{\cos k \cdot {\ell}^{2}}}} \]
    5. Simplified95.2%

      \[\leadsto \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right) \cdot \frac{{\sin k}^{2}}{\frac{\cos k}{t}}}} \]
      Step-by-step derivation

      [Start]68.5%

      \[ \frac{2}{\frac{{k}^{2} \cdot \left({\sin k}^{2} \cdot t\right)}{\cos k \cdot {\ell}^{2}}} \]

      *-commutative [=>]68.5%

      \[ \frac{2}{\frac{{k}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}\right)}}{\cos k \cdot {\ell}^{2}}} \]

      *-commutative [<=]68.5%

      \[ \frac{2}{\frac{{k}^{2} \cdot \left(t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}\right)}{\color{blue}{{\ell}^{2} \cdot \cos k}}} \]

      times-frac [=>]71.6%

      \[ \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{{k}^{2}}{{\ell}^{2}} \cdot \frac{t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}{\cos k}}} \]

      unpow2 [=>]71.6%

      \[ \frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{k \cdot k}}{{\ell}^{2}} \cdot \frac{t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}{\cos k}} \]

      unpow2 [=>]71.6%

      \[ \frac{2}{\frac{k \cdot k}{\color{blue}{\ell \cdot \ell}} \cdot \frac{t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}{\cos k}} \]

      times-frac [=>]95.2%

      \[ \frac{2}{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)} \cdot \frac{t \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}{\cos k}} \]

      *-commutative [<=]95.2%

      \[ \frac{2}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right) \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{{\sin k}^{2} \cdot t}}{\cos k}} \]

      associate-/l* [=>]95.2%

      \[ \frac{2}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{{\sin k}^{2}}{\frac{\cos k}{t}}}} \]
    6. Applied egg-rr30.9%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{\frac{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2}}{\frac{\cos k}{t}}}\right)} - 1} \]
      Step-by-step derivation

      [Start]95.2%

      \[ \frac{2}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right) \cdot \frac{{\sin k}^{2}}{\frac{\cos k}{t}}} \]

      expm1-log1p-u [=>]43.8%

      \[ \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right) \cdot \frac{{\sin k}^{2}}{\frac{\cos k}{t}}}\right)\right)} \]

      expm1-udef [=>]30.9%

      \[ \color{blue}{e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right) \cdot \frac{{\sin k}^{2}}{\frac{\cos k}{t}}}\right)} - 1} \]

      associate-*r/ [=>]30.9%

      \[ e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right) \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}{\frac{\cos k}{t}}}}\right)} - 1 \]

      pow2 [=>]30.9%

      \[ e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{2}} \cdot {\sin k}^{2}}{\frac{\cos k}{t}}}\right)} - 1 \]

      pow-prod-down [=>]30.9%

      \[ e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{\frac{\color{blue}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2}}}{\frac{\cos k}{t}}}\right)} - 1 \]
    7. Simplified95.5%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{2}{{\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{\cos k}{t}} \]
      Step-by-step derivation

      [Start]30.9%

      \[ e^{\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{\frac{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2}}{\frac{\cos k}{t}}}\right)} - 1 \]

      expm1-def [=>]43.7%

      \[ \color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{2}{\frac{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2}}{\frac{\cos k}{t}}}\right)\right)} \]

      expm1-log1p [=>]95.1%

      \[ \color{blue}{\frac{2}{\frac{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2}}{\frac{\cos k}{t}}}} \]

      associate-/r/ [=>]95.5%

      \[ \color{blue}{\frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \sin k\right)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{\cos k}{t}} \]

      *-commutative [=>]95.5%

      \[ \frac{2}{{\color{blue}{\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}}^{2}} \cdot \frac{\cos k}{t} \]
    8. Applied egg-rr95.8%

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(2 \cdot {\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{-2}\right) \cdot \cos k}{t}} \]
      Step-by-step derivation

      [Start]95.5%

      \[ \frac{2}{{\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{2}} \cdot \frac{\cos k}{t} \]

      associate-*r/ [=>]95.5%

      \[ \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{{\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{2}} \cdot \cos k}{t}} \]

      div-inv [=>]95.5%

      \[ \frac{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot \frac{1}{{\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}\right)} \cdot \cos k}{t} \]

      pow-flip [=>]95.8%

      \[ \frac{\left(2 \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(-2\right)}}\right) \cdot \cos k}{t} \]

      metadata-eval [=>]95.8%

      \[ \frac{\left(2 \cdot {\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{\color{blue}{-2}}\right) \cdot \cos k}{t} \]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification95.3%

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \cdot \ell \leq 0.5:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\ell \cdot \frac{\frac{2}{k}}{k \cdot t}}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(2 \cdot {\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{-2}\right) \cdot \cos k}{t}\\ \end{array} \]

Alternatives

Alternative 1
Accuracy94.8%
Cost20228
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \cdot \ell \leq 0.5:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\ell \cdot \frac{\frac{2}{k}}{k \cdot t}}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(2 \cdot {\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{-2}\right) \cdot \cos k}{t}\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 2
Accuracy95.0%
Cost20228
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \cdot \ell \leq 10^{+66}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\ell \cdot \frac{\frac{2}{k}}{k \cdot t}}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos k}{t} \cdot \frac{2}{{\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 3
Accuracy95.1%
Cost20228
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \cdot \ell \leq 10^{+66}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\ell \cdot \frac{\frac{2}{k}}{k \cdot t}}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot \frac{\cos k}{t}}{{\left(\sin k \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 4
Accuracy94.6%
Cost14404
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \cdot \ell \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+70}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\ell \cdot \frac{\frac{2}{k}}{k \cdot t}}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right) \cdot \frac{0.5 - \frac{\cos \left(k + k\right)}{2}}{\frac{\cos k}{t}}}\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 5
Accuracy80.9%
Cost14020
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \cdot \ell \leq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos k}{t} \cdot \frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k \cdot k}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{t \cdot \left(k \cdot k\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{\sin k} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\tan k}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 6
Accuracy80.9%
Cost14020
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \cdot \ell \leq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos k}{t} \cdot \frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k \cdot k}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{t \cdot \left(k \cdot k\right)} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k}\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 7
Accuracy80.8%
Cost14020
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \cdot \ell \leq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos k}{t} \cdot \frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k \cdot k}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{t \cdot \left(k \cdot k\right)} \cdot \frac{\ell}{\sin k \cdot \frac{\tan k}{\ell}}\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 8
Accuracy73.6%
Cost13828
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \cdot \ell \leq 4 \cdot 10^{-287}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\cos k}{t} \cdot \frac{2}{{\left(\frac{k \cdot k}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \left(\frac{\cos k}{k \cdot k} \cdot \left(\frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)} + \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{t} \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 9
Accuracy88.4%
Cost13760
\[\frac{\ell}{\sin k} \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{\tan k} \cdot \frac{2}{k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)}\right) \]
Alternative 10
Accuracy88.9%
Cost13760
\[\frac{\ell \cdot \frac{\frac{2}{k}}{k \cdot t}}{\frac{\sin k}{\ell} \cdot \tan k} \]
Alternative 11
Accuracy72.9%
Cost8260
\[\begin{array}{l} t_1 := k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\ell \cdot \ell \leq 4 \cdot 10^{-287}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right) \cdot t_1}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \left(\frac{\cos k}{k \cdot k} \cdot \left(\frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{t_1} + \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{t} \cdot 0.3333333333333333\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 12
Accuracy71.9%
Cost7748
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\ell \cdot \ell \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-147}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right) \cdot \left(k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \left(\frac{\cos k}{k \cdot k} \cdot \frac{\frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{t}}{k \cdot k}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 13
Accuracy71.3%
Cost7044
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 2000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right) \cdot \left(k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{t} \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{k}\right)}^{2}\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 14
Accuracy69.5%
Cost1092
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 2000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{t \cdot \left(k \cdot k\right)} \cdot \left(\frac{\ell}{k} \cdot \frac{\ell}{k}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{k}{-0.3333333333333333} \cdot \frac{k \cdot t}{\ell \cdot \ell}}\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 15
Accuracy70.7%
Cost1092
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;k \leq 2000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2}{\left(\frac{k}{\ell} \cdot \frac{k}{\ell}\right) \cdot \left(k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{k}{-0.3333333333333333} \cdot \frac{k \cdot t}{\ell \cdot \ell}}\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 16
Accuracy33.5%
Cost704
\[\frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{k \cdot \left(k \cdot t\right)} \cdot -0.3333333333333333 \]
Alternative 17
Accuracy33.7%
Cost704
\[\frac{-0.3333333333333333}{k} \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{k \cdot t} \]

Reproduce?

herbie shell --seed 2023165 
(FPCore (t l k)
  :name "Toniolo and Linder, Equation (10-)"
  :precision binary64
  (/ 2.0 (* (* (* (/ (pow t 3.0) (* l l)) (sin k)) (tan k)) (- (+ 1.0 (pow (/ k t) 2.0)) 1.0))))