Spherical law of cosines

?

Percentage Accurate: 74.1% → 94.1%
Time: 34.5s
Precision: binary64
Cost: 71488

?

\[ \begin{array}{c}[phi1, phi2] = \mathsf{sort}([phi1, phi2])\\ \end{array} \]
\[\cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot R \]
\[\cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right) + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot R \]
(FPCore (R lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (acos
   (+
    (* (sin phi1) (sin phi2))
    (* (* (cos phi1) (cos phi2)) (cos (- lambda1 lambda2)))))
  R))
(FPCore (R lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2)
 :precision binary64
 (*
  (acos
   (fma
    (sin phi1)
    (sin phi2)
    (*
     (cos phi2)
     (+
      (* (cos phi1) (* (cos lambda1) (cos lambda2)))
      (* (sin lambda2) (* (cos phi1) (sin lambda1)))))))
  R))
double code(double R, double lambda1, double lambda2, double phi1, double phi2) {
	return acos(((sin(phi1) * sin(phi2)) + ((cos(phi1) * cos(phi2)) * cos((lambda1 - lambda2))))) * R;
}
double code(double R, double lambda1, double lambda2, double phi1, double phi2) {
	return acos(fma(sin(phi1), sin(phi2), (cos(phi2) * ((cos(phi1) * (cos(lambda1) * cos(lambda2))) + (sin(lambda2) * (cos(phi1) * sin(lambda1))))))) * R;
}
function code(R, lambda1, lambda2, phi1, phi2)
	return Float64(acos(Float64(Float64(sin(phi1) * sin(phi2)) + Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * cos(phi2)) * cos(Float64(lambda1 - lambda2))))) * R)
end
function code(R, lambda1, lambda2, phi1, phi2)
	return Float64(acos(fma(sin(phi1), sin(phi2), Float64(cos(phi2) * Float64(Float64(cos(phi1) * Float64(cos(lambda1) * cos(lambda2))) + Float64(sin(lambda2) * Float64(cos(phi1) * sin(lambda1))))))) * R)
end
code[R_, lambda1_, lambda2_, phi1_, phi2_] := N[(N[ArcCos[N[(N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi2], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[phi2], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[N[(lambda1 - lambda2), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * R), $MachinePrecision]
code[R_, lambda1_, lambda2_, phi1_, phi2_] := N[(N[ArcCos[N[(N[Sin[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[phi2], $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Cos[phi2], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[lambda1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[lambda2], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] + N[(N[Sin[lambda2], $MachinePrecision] * N[(N[Cos[phi1], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[lambda1], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] * R), $MachinePrecision]
\cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot R
\cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right) + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot R

Local Percentage Accuracy vs ?

The average percentage accuracy by input value. Horizontal axis shows value of an input variable; the variable is choosen in the title. Vertical axis is accuracy; higher is better. Red represent the original program, while blue represents Herbie's suggestion. These can be toggled with buttons below the plot. The line is an average while dots represent individual samples.

Herbie found 25 alternatives:

AlternativeAccuracySpeedup

Accuracy vs Speed

The accuracy (vertical axis) and speed (horizontal axis) of each alternatives. Up and to the right is better. The red square shows the initial program, and each blue circle shows an alternative.The line shows the best available speed-accuracy tradeoffs.

Bogosity?

Bogosity

Derivation?

  1. Initial program 70.6%

    \[\cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot R \]
  2. Simplified70.6%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot R} \]
    Step-by-step derivation

    [Start]70.6%

    \[ \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot R \]

    fma-def [=>]70.6%

    \[ \cos^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right)\right)} \cdot R \]

    associate-*l* [=>]70.6%

    \[ \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right)}\right)\right) \cdot R \]
  3. Applied egg-rr92.7%

    \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right) + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}\right)\right) \cdot R \]
    Step-by-step derivation

    [Start]70.6%

    \[ \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot R \]

    associate-*r* [=>]70.6%

    \[ \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}\right)\right) \cdot R \]

    cos-diff [=>]92.6%

    \[ \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}\right)\right) \cdot R \]

    distribute-lft-in [=>]92.7%

    \[ \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \color{blue}{\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right) + \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}\right)\right) \cdot R \]
  4. Taylor expanded in phi1 around 0 92.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_2 \cdot \cos \lambda_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot R \]
  5. Simplified92.7%

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right) + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\right)} \cdot R \]
    Step-by-step derivation

    [Start]92.7%

    \[ \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_2 \cdot \cos \lambda_1\right)\right) + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot R \]

    distribute-lft-out [=>]92.7%

    \[ \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \color{blue}{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_2 \cdot \cos \lambda_1\right) + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)}\right)\right) \cdot R \]

    cos-neg [<=]92.7%

    \[ \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\cos \left(-\lambda_2\right)} \cdot \cos \lambda_1\right) + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot R \]

    *-commutative [=>]92.7%

    \[ \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \left(-\lambda_2\right)\right)} + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot R \]

    cos-neg [=>]92.7%

    \[ \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \color{blue}{\cos \lambda_2}\right) + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot R \]
  6. Final simplification92.7%

    \[\leadsto \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right) + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot R \]

Alternatives

Alternative 1
Accuracy94.1%
Cost71488
\[\cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right) + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\right) \cdot R \]
Alternative 2
Accuracy94.1%
Cost64960
\[R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
Alternative 3
Accuracy94.1%
Cost64960
\[R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\right) \]
Alternative 4
Accuracy83.6%
Cost58824
\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\\ t_1 := \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\phi_1 \leq -900000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + t_0 \cdot t_1\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\phi_1 \leq 0.0024:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + t_0 \cdot \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \lambda_2, \cos \lambda_1, \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot t_1\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 5
Accuracy94.1%
Cost58688
\[R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right) \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right) \]
Alternative 6
Accuracy83.6%
Cost52552
\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\\ t_1 := \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\phi_1 \leq -1000000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + t_0 \cdot t_1\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\phi_1 \leq 0.00088:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right) \cdot t_0 + \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot t_1\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 7
Accuracy69.5%
Cost45892
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\lambda_2 \leq -4.8:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 8
Accuracy75.8%
Cost39625
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\phi_2 \leq -2.5 \cdot 10^{-234} \lor \neg \left(\phi_2 \leq 1.95 \cdot 10^{-221}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right) + \phi_1 \cdot \phi_2\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 9
Accuracy59.6%
Cost39240
\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \cos \left(\lambda_2 - \lambda_1\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\phi_1 \leq -1.9 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_1 \cdot t_0\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\phi_1 \leq 17000:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot t_0\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 10
Accuracy59.1%
Cost39236
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\lambda_2 \leq 0.00095:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_1\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_2 - \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 11
Accuracy64.0%
Cost39236
\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2\\ \mathbf{if}\;\lambda_2 \leq 5.5 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(t_0 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_1\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(t_0 + \cos \lambda_2 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 12
Accuracy74.1%
Cost39232
\[R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right) \]
Alternative 13
Accuracy59.7%
Cost39112
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\phi_1 \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_2 - \lambda_1\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\phi_1 \leq 0.00095:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\sin \phi_1, \sin \phi_2, \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 14
Accuracy56.3%
Cost33228
\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\\ t_1 := R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + t_0\right)\\ t_2 := t_0 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\phi_2 \leq -1.15 \cdot 10^{-13}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\phi_2 \leq 0.042:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(t_2 + \sin \phi_1 \cdot \phi_2\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\phi_2 \leq 1.25 \cdot 10^{+193}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(t_2 + \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_1\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 15
Accuracy55.2%
Cost33097
\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\\ \mathbf{if}\;\phi_1 \leq -8.5 \cdot 10^{+60} \lor \neg \left(\phi_1 \leq 13.5\right):\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + t_0\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(t_0 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right) + \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 16
Accuracy55.0%
Cost32972
\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\\ t_1 := \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\phi_1 \leq -2.15 \cdot 10^{+61}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\phi_1 \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \phi_2 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot t_1\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\phi_1 \leq 0.000114:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot t_1\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_0\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 17
Accuracy55.0%
Cost32972
\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \phi_1\right)\\ t_1 := \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\phi_1 \leq -1.15 \cdot 10^{+61}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_0\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\phi_1 \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \phi_2 + \mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot t_1\right)\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\phi_1 \leq 0.0065:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot t_1\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;t_0\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 18
Accuracy50.2%
Cost26568
\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\\ \mathbf{if}\;\phi_1 \leq -6.7 \cdot 10^{+69}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 + \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\phi_1 \leq -1.3 \cdot 10^{-6}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \phi_2 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot t_0\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot t_0\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 19
Accuracy40.5%
Cost26440
\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \cos \lambda_1 + \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\\ \mathbf{if}\;\phi_2 \leq -1.35 \cdot 10^{-266}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot t_0\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\phi_2 \leq 4.7 \cdot 10^{-10}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \phi_2 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot t_0\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 20
Accuracy29.8%
Cost26308
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\phi_2 \leq 165:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \phi_2 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \lambda_2\right)\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 21
Accuracy30.8%
Cost26308
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\lambda_2 \leq 0.0021:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\cos \phi_1 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 + \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \phi_2 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 22
Accuracy23.8%
Cost19908
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\phi_1 \leq -6:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \phi_2 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_1\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \phi_2 + \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right) \cdot \left(-0.5 \cdot \left(\phi_1 \cdot \phi_1\right) + 1\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 23
Accuracy21.6%
Cost19908
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\lambda_1 \leq -2.6 \cdot 10^{-5}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \phi_2 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_1\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \phi_2 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 24
Accuracy26.1%
Cost19904
\[R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\phi_1 \cdot \phi_2 + \cos \phi_1 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)\right) \]
Alternative 25
Accuracy18.5%
Cost13376
\[R \cdot \cos^{-1} \left(\cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right) + \phi_1 \cdot \phi_2\right) \]

Reproduce?

herbie shell --seed 2023165 
(FPCore (R lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2)
  :name "Spherical law of cosines"
  :precision binary64
  (* (acos (+ (* (sin phi1) (sin phi2)) (* (* (cos phi1) (cos phi2)) (cos (- lambda1 lambda2))))) R))