| Alternative 1 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 99.1% |
| Cost | 32840 |
(FPCore (x eps) :precision binary64 (- (cos (+ x eps)) (cos x)))
(FPCore (x eps)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (* (sin eps) (- (sin x)))))
(if (<= eps -0.00014)
(fma (+ (cos eps) -1.0) (cos x) t_0)
(if (<= eps 0.000155)
(- (* -0.5 (* (cos x) (* eps eps))) (* (sin x) (sin eps)))
(fma (cos x) (cos eps) (- t_0 (cos x)))))))double code(double x, double eps) {
return cos((x + eps)) - cos(x);
}
double code(double x, double eps) {
double t_0 = sin(eps) * -sin(x);
double tmp;
if (eps <= -0.00014) {
tmp = fma((cos(eps) + -1.0), cos(x), t_0);
} else if (eps <= 0.000155) {
tmp = (-0.5 * (cos(x) * (eps * eps))) - (sin(x) * sin(eps));
} else {
tmp = fma(cos(x), cos(eps), (t_0 - cos(x)));
}
return tmp;
}
function code(x, eps) return Float64(cos(Float64(x + eps)) - cos(x)) end
function code(x, eps) t_0 = Float64(sin(eps) * Float64(-sin(x))) tmp = 0.0 if (eps <= -0.00014) tmp = fma(Float64(cos(eps) + -1.0), cos(x), t_0); elseif (eps <= 0.000155) tmp = Float64(Float64(-0.5 * Float64(cos(x) * Float64(eps * eps))) - Float64(sin(x) * sin(eps))); else tmp = fma(cos(x), cos(eps), Float64(t_0 - cos(x))); end return tmp end
code[x_, eps_] := N[(N[Cos[N[(x + eps), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision] - N[Cos[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
code[x_, eps_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[Sin[eps], $MachinePrecision] * (-N[Sin[x], $MachinePrecision])), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[eps, -0.00014], N[(N[(N[Cos[eps], $MachinePrecision] + -1.0), $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[x], $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[eps, 0.000155], N[(N[(-0.5 * N[(N[Cos[x], $MachinePrecision] * N[(eps * eps), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] - N[(N[Sin[x], $MachinePrecision] * N[Sin[eps], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[(N[Cos[x], $MachinePrecision] * N[Cos[eps], $MachinePrecision] + N[(t$95$0 - N[Cos[x], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]]]]
\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \sin \varepsilon \cdot \left(-\sin x\right)\\
\mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \leq -0.00014:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \varepsilon + -1, \cos x, t_0\right)\\
\mathbf{elif}\;\varepsilon \leq 0.000155:\\
\;\;\;\;-0.5 \cdot \left(\cos x \cdot \left(\varepsilon \cdot \varepsilon\right)\right) - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\\
\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos x, \cos \varepsilon, t_0 - \cos x\right)\\
\end{array}
if eps < -1.3999999999999999e-4Initial program 53.2%
Applied egg-rr98.7%
[Start]53.2 | \[ \cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x
\] |
|---|---|
sub-neg [=>]53.2 | \[ \color{blue}{\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) + \left(-\cos x\right)}
\] |
+-commutative [=>]53.2 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(-\cos x\right) + \cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right)}
\] |
cos-sum [=>]98.6 | \[ \left(-\cos x\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)}
\] |
cancel-sign-sub-inv [=>]98.6 | \[ \left(-\cos x\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \left(-\sin x\right) \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)}
\] |
associate-+r+ [=>]98.7 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\cos x\right) + \cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon\right) + \left(-\sin x\right) \cdot \sin \varepsilon}
\] |
*-commutative [=>]98.7 | \[ \left(\left(-\cos x\right) + \cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon\right) + \color{blue}{\sin \varepsilon \cdot \left(-\sin x\right)}
\] |
Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.6%
Simplified98.7%
[Start]98.6 | \[ \left(-1 \cdot \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) + \cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right) - \cos x
\] |
|---|---|
+-commutative [=>]98.6 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + -1 \cdot \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)\right)} - \cos x
\] |
*-commutative [=>]98.6 | \[ \left(\color{blue}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon} + -1 \cdot \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)\right) - \cos x
\] |
*-commutative [<=]98.6 | \[ \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}\right) - \cos x
\] |
mul-1-neg [=>]98.6 | \[ \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \color{blue}{\left(-\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}\right) - \cos x
\] |
sub0-neg [<=]98.6 | \[ \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \color{blue}{\left(0 - \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}\right) - \cos x
\] |
associate-+r- [=>]98.6 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + 0\right) - \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)} - \cos x
\] |
+-rgt-identity [=>]98.6 | \[ \left(\color{blue}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon} - \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right) - \cos x
\] |
associate--r+ [<=]98.6 | \[ \color{blue}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x + \cos x\right)}
\] |
+-commutative [<=]98.6 | \[ \cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \color{blue}{\left(\cos x + \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}
\] |
associate--r+ [=>]98.7 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \cos x\right) - \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x}
\] |
Applied egg-rr98.7%
[Start]98.7 | \[ \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x - \cos x\right) - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon
\] |
|---|---|
*-un-lft-identity [=>]98.7 | \[ \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x - \color{blue}{1 \cdot \cos x}\right) - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon
\] |
distribute-rgt-out-- [=>]98.7 | \[ \color{blue}{\cos x \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon - 1\right)} - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon
\] |
Applied egg-rr98.7%
[Start]98.7 | \[ \cos x \cdot \left(\cos \varepsilon - 1\right) - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon
\] |
|---|---|
*-commutative [=>]98.7 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\cos \varepsilon - 1\right) \cdot \cos x} - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon
\] |
fma-neg [=>]98.7 | \[ \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \varepsilon - 1, \cos x, -\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)}
\] |
sub-neg [=>]98.7 | \[ \mathsf{fma}\left(\color{blue}{\cos \varepsilon + \left(-1\right)}, \cos x, -\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)
\] |
metadata-eval [=>]98.7 | \[ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \varepsilon + \color{blue}{-1}, \cos x, -\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)
\] |
distribute-rgt-neg-in [=>]98.7 | \[ \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \varepsilon + -1, \cos x, \color{blue}{\sin x \cdot \left(-\sin \varepsilon\right)}\right)
\] |
if -1.3999999999999999e-4 < eps < 1.55e-4Initial program 23.7%
Applied egg-rr81.4%
[Start]23.7 | \[ \cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x
\] |
|---|---|
sub-neg [=>]23.7 | \[ \color{blue}{\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) + \left(-\cos x\right)}
\] |
+-commutative [=>]23.7 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(-\cos x\right) + \cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right)}
\] |
cos-sum [=>]24.8 | \[ \left(-\cos x\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)}
\] |
cancel-sign-sub-inv [=>]24.8 | \[ \left(-\cos x\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \left(-\sin x\right) \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)}
\] |
associate-+r+ [=>]81.4 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\cos x\right) + \cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon\right) + \left(-\sin x\right) \cdot \sin \varepsilon}
\] |
*-commutative [=>]81.4 | \[ \left(\left(-\cos x\right) + \cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon\right) + \color{blue}{\sin \varepsilon \cdot \left(-\sin x\right)}
\] |
Taylor expanded in x around inf 24.8%
Simplified81.4%
[Start]24.8 | \[ \left(-1 \cdot \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) + \cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right) - \cos x
\] |
|---|---|
+-commutative [=>]24.8 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + -1 \cdot \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)\right)} - \cos x
\] |
*-commutative [=>]24.8 | \[ \left(\color{blue}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon} + -1 \cdot \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)\right) - \cos x
\] |
*-commutative [<=]24.8 | \[ \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}\right) - \cos x
\] |
mul-1-neg [=>]24.8 | \[ \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \color{blue}{\left(-\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}\right) - \cos x
\] |
sub0-neg [<=]24.8 | \[ \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \color{blue}{\left(0 - \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}\right) - \cos x
\] |
associate-+r- [=>]24.8 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + 0\right) - \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)} - \cos x
\] |
+-rgt-identity [=>]24.8 | \[ \left(\color{blue}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon} - \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right) - \cos x
\] |
associate--r+ [<=]24.8 | \[ \color{blue}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x + \cos x\right)}
\] |
+-commutative [<=]24.8 | \[ \cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \color{blue}{\left(\cos x + \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}
\] |
associate--r+ [=>]81.4 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \cos x\right) - \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x}
\] |
Taylor expanded in eps around 0 99.7%
Simplified99.7%
[Start]99.7 | \[ -0.5 \cdot \left({\varepsilon}^{2} \cdot \cos x\right) - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon
\] |
|---|---|
unpow2 [=>]99.7 | \[ -0.5 \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\varepsilon \cdot \varepsilon\right)} \cdot \cos x\right) - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon
\] |
if 1.55e-4 < eps Initial program 52.2%
Applied egg-rr98.5%
[Start]52.2 | \[ \cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \cos x
\] |
|---|---|
sub-neg [=>]52.2 | \[ \color{blue}{\cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right) + \left(-\cos x\right)}
\] |
+-commutative [=>]52.2 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(-\cos x\right) + \cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right)}
\] |
cos-sum [=>]98.5 | \[ \left(-\cos x\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)}
\] |
cancel-sign-sub-inv [=>]98.5 | \[ \left(-\cos x\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \left(-\sin x\right) \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)}
\] |
associate-+r+ [=>]98.5 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\left(-\cos x\right) + \cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon\right) + \left(-\sin x\right) \cdot \sin \varepsilon}
\] |
*-commutative [=>]98.5 | \[ \left(\left(-\cos x\right) + \cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon\right) + \color{blue}{\sin \varepsilon \cdot \left(-\sin x\right)}
\] |
Taylor expanded in x around inf 98.5%
Simplified98.5%
[Start]98.5 | \[ \left(-1 \cdot \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) + \cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x\right) - \cos x
\] |
|---|---|
+-commutative [=>]98.5 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x + -1 \cdot \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)\right)} - \cos x
\] |
*-commutative [=>]98.5 | \[ \left(\color{blue}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon} + -1 \cdot \left(\sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)\right) - \cos x
\] |
*-commutative [<=]98.5 | \[ \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + -1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}\right) - \cos x
\] |
mul-1-neg [=>]98.5 | \[ \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \color{blue}{\left(-\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}\right) - \cos x
\] |
sub0-neg [<=]98.5 | \[ \left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \color{blue}{\left(0 - \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}\right) - \cos x
\] |
associate-+r- [=>]98.5 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + 0\right) - \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)} - \cos x
\] |
+-rgt-identity [=>]98.5 | \[ \left(\color{blue}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon} - \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right) - \cos x
\] |
associate--r+ [<=]98.5 | \[ \color{blue}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \left(\sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x + \cos x\right)}
\] |
+-commutative [<=]98.5 | \[ \cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \color{blue}{\left(\cos x + \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x\right)}
\] |
associate--r+ [=>]98.5 | \[ \color{blue}{\left(\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon - \cos x\right) - \sin \varepsilon \cdot \sin x}
\] |
Applied egg-rr98.6%
[Start]98.5 | \[ \left(\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x - \cos x\right) - \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon
\] |
|---|---|
associate--l- [=>]98.5 | \[ \color{blue}{\cos \varepsilon \cdot \cos x - \left(\cos x + \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)}
\] |
*-commutative [=>]98.5 | \[ \color{blue}{\cos x \cdot \cos \varepsilon} - \left(\cos x + \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)
\] |
fma-neg [=>]98.6 | \[ \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos x, \cos \varepsilon, -\left(\cos x + \sin x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)\right)}
\] |
Final simplification99.1%
| Alternative 1 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 99.1% |
| Cost | 32840 |
| Alternative 2 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 99.1% |
| Cost | 32777 |
| Alternative 3 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 99.1% |
| Cost | 26441 |
| Alternative 4 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 99.1% |
| Cost | 26440 |
| Alternative 5 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 77.0% |
| Cost | 26312 |
| Alternative 6 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 76.9% |
| Cost | 13769 |
| Alternative 7 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 76.3% |
| Cost | 13632 |
| Alternative 8 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 70.1% |
| Cost | 13580 |
| Alternative 9 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 68.2% |
| Cost | 13449 |
| Alternative 10 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 67.1% |
| Cost | 13124 |
| Alternative 11 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 66.7% |
| Cost | 6921 |
| Alternative 12 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 47.0% |
| Cost | 6857 |
| Alternative 13 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 21.4% |
| Cost | 320 |
| Alternative 14 | |
|---|---|
| Accuracy | 13.1% |
| Cost | 64 |
herbie shell --seed 2023138
(FPCore (x eps)
:name "2cos (problem 3.3.5)"
:precision binary64
(- (cos (+ x eps)) (cos x)))