?

Average Error: 28.1% → 0.09%
Time: 13.0s
Precision: binary64
Cost: 13828

?

\[1 - \log \left(1 - \frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right) \]
\[\begin{array}{l} t_0 := \frac{x + -1}{y}\\ \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -750000:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{t_0}{y} + t_0}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 54000000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{y - x}{1 - y}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{y \cdot e}{x + -1}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (- 1.0 (log (- 1.0 (/ (- x y) (- 1.0 y))))))
(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_0 (/ (+ x -1.0) y)))
   (if (<= y -750000.0)
     (log (/ E (+ (/ t_0 y) t_0)))
     (if (<= y 54000000000000.0)
       (- 1.0 (log1p (/ (- y x) (- 1.0 y))))
       (log (/ (* y E) (+ x -1.0)))))))
double code(double x, double y) {
	return 1.0 - log((1.0 - ((x - y) / (1.0 - y))));
}
double code(double x, double y) {
	double t_0 = (x + -1.0) / y;
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -750000.0) {
		tmp = log((((double) M_E) / ((t_0 / y) + t_0)));
	} else if (y <= 54000000000000.0) {
		tmp = 1.0 - log1p(((y - x) / (1.0 - y)));
	} else {
		tmp = log(((y * ((double) M_E)) / (x + -1.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
public static double code(double x, double y) {
	return 1.0 - Math.log((1.0 - ((x - y) / (1.0 - y))));
}
public static double code(double x, double y) {
	double t_0 = (x + -1.0) / y;
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -750000.0) {
		tmp = Math.log((Math.E / ((t_0 / y) + t_0)));
	} else if (y <= 54000000000000.0) {
		tmp = 1.0 - Math.log1p(((y - x) / (1.0 - y)));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.log(((y * Math.E) / (x + -1.0)));
	}
	return tmp;
}
def code(x, y):
	return 1.0 - math.log((1.0 - ((x - y) / (1.0 - y))))
def code(x, y):
	t_0 = (x + -1.0) / y
	tmp = 0
	if y <= -750000.0:
		tmp = math.log((math.e / ((t_0 / y) + t_0)))
	elif y <= 54000000000000.0:
		tmp = 1.0 - math.log1p(((y - x) / (1.0 - y)))
	else:
		tmp = math.log(((y * math.e) / (x + -1.0)))
	return tmp
function code(x, y)
	return Float64(1.0 - log(Float64(1.0 - Float64(Float64(x - y) / Float64(1.0 - y)))))
end
function code(x, y)
	t_0 = Float64(Float64(x + -1.0) / y)
	tmp = 0.0
	if (y <= -750000.0)
		tmp = log(Float64(exp(1) / Float64(Float64(t_0 / y) + t_0)));
	elseif (y <= 54000000000000.0)
		tmp = Float64(1.0 - log1p(Float64(Float64(y - x) / Float64(1.0 - y))));
	else
		tmp = log(Float64(Float64(y * exp(1)) / Float64(x + -1.0)));
	end
	return tmp
end
code[x_, y_] := N[(1.0 - N[Log[N[(1.0 - N[(N[(x - y), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]
code[x_, y_] := Block[{t$95$0 = N[(N[(x + -1.0), $MachinePrecision] / y), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[y, -750000.0], N[Log[N[(E / N[(N[(t$95$0 / y), $MachinePrecision] + t$95$0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[y, 54000000000000.0], N[(1.0 - N[Log[1 + N[(N[(y - x), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 - y), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision], N[Log[N[(N[(y * E), $MachinePrecision] / N[(x + -1.0), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]]
1 - \log \left(1 - \frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right)
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \frac{x + -1}{y}\\
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -750000:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{t_0}{y} + t_0}\right)\\

\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 54000000000000:\\
\;\;\;\;1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{y - x}{1 - y}\right)\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{y \cdot e}{x + -1}\right)\\


\end{array}

Error?

Try it out?

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original28.1%
Target0.17%
Herbie0.09%
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y < -81284752.61947241:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \log \left(\frac{x}{y \cdot y} - \left(\frac{1}{y} - \frac{x}{y}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y < 3.0094271212461764 \cdot 10^{+25}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{e^{1}}{1 - \frac{x - y}{1 - y}}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \log \left(\frac{x}{y \cdot y} - \left(\frac{1}{y} - \frac{x}{y}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]

Derivation?

  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if y < -7.5e5

    1. Initial program 81.45

      \[1 - \log \left(1 - \frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right) \]
    2. Simplified81.45

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{y - x}{1 - y}\right)} \]
      Proof

      [Start]81.45

      \[ 1 - \log \left(1 - \frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right) \]

      sub-neg [=>]81.45

      \[ 1 - \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right)\right)} \]

      log1p-def [=>]81.45

      \[ 1 - \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-\frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right)} \]

      div-sub [=>]81.42

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(-\color{blue}{\left(\frac{x}{1 - y} - \frac{y}{1 - y}\right)}\right) \]

      sub-neg [=>]81.42

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(-\color{blue}{\left(\frac{x}{1 - y} + \left(-\frac{y}{1 - y}\right)\right)}\right) \]

      +-commutative [=>]81.42

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(-\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\frac{y}{1 - y}\right) + \frac{x}{1 - y}\right)}\right) \]

      distribute-neg-in [=>]81.42

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{y}{1 - y}\right)\right) + \left(-\frac{x}{1 - y}\right)}\right) \]

      remove-double-neg [=>]81.42

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{y}{1 - y}} + \left(-\frac{x}{1 - y}\right)\right) \]

      sub-neg [<=]81.42

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{y}{1 - y} - \frac{x}{1 - y}}\right) \]

      div-sub [<=]81.45

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{y - x}{1 - y}}\right) \]
    3. Applied egg-rr81.44

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{e}{1 + \frac{y - x}{1 - y}}\right)} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in y around -inf 0.13

      \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{e}{\color{blue}{\left(\frac{x}{y} + -1 \cdot \frac{1 - x}{{y}^{2}}\right) - \frac{1}{y}}}\right) \]
    5. Simplified0.13

      \[\leadsto \log \left(\frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-\left(1 - x\right)}{y}}{y} + \frac{x + -1}{y}}}\right) \]
      Proof

      [Start]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\left(\frac{x}{y} + -1 \cdot \frac{1 - x}{{y}^{2}}\right) - \frac{1}{y}}\right) \]

      +-commutative [=>]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{1 - x}{{y}^{2}} + \frac{x}{y}\right)} - \frac{1}{y}}\right) \]

      associate--l+ [=>]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{1 - x}{{y}^{2}} + \left(\frac{x}{y} - \frac{1}{y}\right)}}\right) \]

      associate-*r/ [=>]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(1 - x\right)}{{y}^{2}}} + \left(\frac{x}{y} - \frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) \]

      unpow2 [=>]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(1 - x\right)}{\color{blue}{y \cdot y}} + \left(\frac{x}{y} - \frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) \]

      associate-/r* [=>]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(1 - x\right)}{y}}{y}} + \left(\frac{x}{y} - \frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) \]

      sub-neg [=>]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{\frac{-1 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-x\right)\right)}}{y}}{y} + \left(\frac{x}{y} - \frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) \]

      mul-1-neg [<=]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{\frac{-1 \cdot \left(1 + \color{blue}{-1 \cdot x}\right)}{y}}{y} + \left(\frac{x}{y} - \frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) \]

      associate-*r/ [<=]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{1 + -1 \cdot x}{y}}}{y} + \left(\frac{x}{y} - \frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) \]

      mul-1-neg [=>]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{-\frac{1 + -1 \cdot x}{y}}}{y} + \left(\frac{x}{y} - \frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) \]

      distribute-neg-frac [=>]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{-\left(1 + -1 \cdot x\right)}{y}}}{y} + \left(\frac{x}{y} - \frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) \]

      mul-1-neg [=>]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{\frac{-\left(1 + \color{blue}{\left(-x\right)}\right)}{y}}{y} + \left(\frac{x}{y} - \frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) \]

      sub-neg [<=]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{\frac{-\color{blue}{\left(1 - x\right)}}{y}}{y} + \left(\frac{x}{y} - \frac{1}{y}\right)}\right) \]

      div-sub [<=]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{\frac{-\left(1 - x\right)}{y}}{y} + \color{blue}{\frac{x - 1}{y}}}\right) \]

      sub-neg [=>]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{\frac{-\left(1 - x\right)}{y}}{y} + \frac{\color{blue}{x + \left(-1\right)}}{y}}\right) \]

      metadata-eval [=>]0.13

      \[ \log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{\frac{-\left(1 - x\right)}{y}}{y} + \frac{x + \color{blue}{-1}}{y}}\right) \]

    if -7.5e5 < y < 5.4e13

    1. Initial program 0.08

      \[1 - \log \left(1 - \frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right) \]
    2. Simplified0.04

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{y - x}{1 - y}\right)} \]
      Proof

      [Start]0.08

      \[ 1 - \log \left(1 - \frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right) \]

      sub-neg [=>]0.08

      \[ 1 - \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right)\right)} \]

      log1p-def [=>]0.04

      \[ 1 - \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-\frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right)} \]

      div-sub [=>]0.04

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(-\color{blue}{\left(\frac{x}{1 - y} - \frac{y}{1 - y}\right)}\right) \]

      sub-neg [=>]0.04

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(-\color{blue}{\left(\frac{x}{1 - y} + \left(-\frac{y}{1 - y}\right)\right)}\right) \]

      +-commutative [=>]0.04

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(-\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\frac{y}{1 - y}\right) + \frac{x}{1 - y}\right)}\right) \]

      distribute-neg-in [=>]0.04

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{y}{1 - y}\right)\right) + \left(-\frac{x}{1 - y}\right)}\right) \]

      remove-double-neg [=>]0.04

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{y}{1 - y}} + \left(-\frac{x}{1 - y}\right)\right) \]

      sub-neg [<=]0.04

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{y}{1 - y} - \frac{x}{1 - y}}\right) \]

      div-sub [<=]0.04

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{y - x}{1 - y}}\right) \]

    if 5.4e13 < y

    1. Initial program 46.89

      \[1 - \log \left(1 - \frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right) \]
    2. Simplified46.89

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{y - x}{1 - y}\right)} \]
      Proof

      [Start]46.89

      \[ 1 - \log \left(1 - \frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right) \]

      sub-neg [=>]46.89

      \[ 1 - \log \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right)\right)} \]

      log1p-def [=>]46.89

      \[ 1 - \color{blue}{\mathsf{log1p}\left(-\frac{x - y}{1 - y}\right)} \]

      div-sub [=>]46.85

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(-\color{blue}{\left(\frac{x}{1 - y} - \frac{y}{1 - y}\right)}\right) \]

      sub-neg [=>]46.85

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(-\color{blue}{\left(\frac{x}{1 - y} + \left(-\frac{y}{1 - y}\right)\right)}\right) \]

      +-commutative [=>]46.85

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(-\color{blue}{\left(\left(-\frac{y}{1 - y}\right) + \frac{x}{1 - y}\right)}\right) \]

      distribute-neg-in [=>]46.85

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\left(-\left(-\frac{y}{1 - y}\right)\right) + \left(-\frac{x}{1 - y}\right)}\right) \]

      remove-double-neg [=>]46.85

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{y}{1 - y}} + \left(-\frac{x}{1 - y}\right)\right) \]

      sub-neg [<=]46.85

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{y}{1 - y} - \frac{x}{1 - y}}\right) \]

      div-sub [<=]46.89

      \[ 1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\color{blue}{\frac{y - x}{1 - y}}\right) \]
    3. Applied egg-rr46.89

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\frac{e}{1 + \frac{y - x}{1 - y}}\right)} \]
    4. Taylor expanded in y around -inf 0.26

      \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(\frac{e \cdot y}{x - 1}\right)} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification0.09

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -750000:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{e}{\frac{\frac{x + -1}{y}}{y} + \frac{x + -1}{y}}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 54000000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{y - x}{1 - y}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{y \cdot e}{x + -1}\right)\\ \end{array} \]

Alternatives

Alternative 1
Error0.2%
Cost13449
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -370000000 \lor \neg \left(y \leq 1.18 \cdot 10^{+14}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\log \left(\frac{y \cdot e}{x + -1}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{y - x}{1 - y}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 2
Error9.15%
Cost7492
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{x - y}{1 - y} \leq 0.9999:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{y - x}{1 - y}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 + \left(\frac{-1}{y} - \log \left(\frac{-1}{y}\right)\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 3
Error9.11%
Cost7240
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -8000000000:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \log \left(\frac{-1}{y}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 5000000:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{y - x}{1 - y}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \log \left(\frac{x}{y + -1}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 4
Error10.22%
Cost7112
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -10.8:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \log \left(\frac{-1}{y}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 0.13:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \left(y + \mathsf{log1p}\left(-x\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \log \left(\frac{x}{y + -1}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 5
Error14.68%
Cost7048
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -41:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \log \left(\frac{-1}{y}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \left(y + \mathsf{log1p}\left(-x\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 6
Error15.3%
Cost6984
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -85:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \log \left(\frac{-1}{y}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 0.00036:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(-x\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(\frac{x}{y}\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 7
Error20.93%
Cost6852
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -29.5:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \log \left(\frac{-1}{y}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(-x\right)\\ \end{array} \]
Alternative 8
Error37.01%
Cost6656
\[1 - \mathsf{log1p}\left(-x\right) \]
Alternative 9
Error54.81%
Cost448
\[1 + \frac{x}{1 - y} \]
Alternative 10
Error56.26%
Cost192
\[1 + x \]
Alternative 11
Error56.45%
Cost64
\[1 \]

Error

Reproduce?

herbie shell --seed 2023089 
(FPCore (x y)
  :name "Numeric.SpecFunctions:invIncompleteGamma from math-functions-0.1.5.2, B"
  :precision binary64

  :herbie-target
  (if (< y -81284752.61947241) (- 1.0 (log (- (/ x (* y y)) (- (/ 1.0 y) (/ x y))))) (if (< y 3.0094271212461764e+25) (log (/ (exp 1.0) (- 1.0 (/ (- x y) (- 1.0 y))))) (- 1.0 (log (- (/ x (* y y)) (- (/ 1.0 y) (/ x y)))))))

  (- 1.0 (log (- 1.0 (/ (- x y) (- 1.0 y))))))