Toniolo and Linder, Equation (2)

Average Error: 10.3 → 0.8

Time: 15.0s

Precision: binary64

Cost: 14792

Math

\[\sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}{1 + 2 \cdot {\left(\frac{t}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}}\right) \]

↓

\[\begin{array}{l} t_1 := t \cdot \sqrt{2}\\ \mathbf{if}\;\frac{t}{\ell} \leq -4 \cdot 10^{+130}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{-\ell}{t_1}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\frac{t}{\ell} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+44}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1 - \frac{\frac{Om}{Omc}}{\frac{Omc}{Om}}}{1 + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{\ell}{t} \cdot \frac{\ell}{t}}}}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\ell}{t_1}\right)\\ \end{array} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (t l Om Omc)
 :precision binary64
 (asin
  (sqrt (/ (- 1.0 (pow (/ Om Omc) 2.0)) (+ 1.0 (* 2.0 (pow (/ t l) 2.0)))))))

↓

(FPCore (t l Om Omc)
 :precision binary64
 (let* ((t_1 (* t (sqrt 2.0))))
   (if (<= (/ t l) -4e+130)
     (asin (/ (- l) t_1))
     (if (<= (/ t l) 2e+44)
       (asin
        (sqrt
         (/
          (- 1.0 (/ (/ Om Omc) (/ Omc Om)))
          (+ 1.0 (* 2.0 (/ 1.0 (* (/ l t) (/ l t))))))))
       (asin (/ l t_1))))))

C

double code(double t, double l, double Om, double Omc) {
	return asin(sqrt(((1.0 - pow((Om / Omc), 2.0)) / (1.0 + (2.0 * pow((t / l), 2.0))))));
}

↓

double code(double t, double l, double Om, double Omc) {
	double t_1 = t * sqrt(2.0);
	double tmp;
	if ((t / l) <= -4e+130) {
		tmp = asin((-l / t_1));
	} else if ((t / l) <= 2e+44) {
		tmp = asin(sqrt(((1.0 - ((Om / Omc) / (Omc / Om))) / (1.0 + (2.0 * (1.0 / ((l / t) * (l / t))))))));
	} else {
		tmp = asin((l / t_1));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Fortran

real(8) function code(t, l, om, omc)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8), intent (in) :: om
    real(8), intent (in) :: omc
    code = asin(sqrt(((1.0d0 - ((om / omc) ** 2.0d0)) / (1.0d0 + (2.0d0 * ((t / l) ** 2.0d0))))))
end function

↓

real(8) function code(t, l, om, omc)
    real(8), intent (in) :: t
    real(8), intent (in) :: l
    real(8), intent (in) :: om
    real(8), intent (in) :: omc
    real(8) :: t_1
    real(8) :: tmp
    t_1 = t * sqrt(2.0d0)
    if ((t / l) <= (-4d+130)) then
        tmp = asin((-l / t_1))
    else if ((t / l) <= 2d+44) then
        tmp = asin(sqrt(((1.0d0 - ((om / omc) / (omc / om))) / (1.0d0 + (2.0d0 * (1.0d0 / ((l / t) * (l / t))))))))
    else
        tmp = asin((l / t_1))
    end if
    code = tmp
end function

Java

public static double code(double t, double l, double Om, double Omc) {
	return Math.asin(Math.sqrt(((1.0 - Math.pow((Om / Omc), 2.0)) / (1.0 + (2.0 * Math.pow((t / l), 2.0))))));
}

↓

public static double code(double t, double l, double Om, double Omc) {
	double t_1 = t * Math.sqrt(2.0);
	double tmp;
	if ((t / l) <= -4e+130) {
		tmp = Math.asin((-l / t_1));
	} else if ((t / l) <= 2e+44) {
		tmp = Math.asin(Math.sqrt(((1.0 - ((Om / Omc) / (Omc / Om))) / (1.0 + (2.0 * (1.0 / ((l / t) * (l / t))))))));
	} else {
		tmp = Math.asin((l / t_1));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Python

def code(t, l, Om, Omc):
	return math.asin(math.sqrt(((1.0 - math.pow((Om / Omc), 2.0)) / (1.0 + (2.0 * math.pow((t / l), 2.0))))))

↓

def code(t, l, Om, Omc):
	t_1 = t * math.sqrt(2.0)
	tmp = 0
	if (t / l) <= -4e+130:
		tmp = math.asin((-l / t_1))
	elif (t / l) <= 2e+44:
		tmp = math.asin(math.sqrt(((1.0 - ((Om / Omc) / (Omc / Om))) / (1.0 + (2.0 * (1.0 / ((l / t) * (l / t))))))))
	else:
		tmp = math.asin((l / t_1))
	return tmp

Julia

function code(t, l, Om, Omc)
	return asin(sqrt(Float64(Float64(1.0 - (Float64(Om / Omc) ^ 2.0)) / Float64(1.0 + Float64(2.0 * (Float64(t / l) ^ 2.0))))))
end

↓

function code(t, l, Om, Omc)
	t_1 = Float64(t * sqrt(2.0))
	tmp = 0.0
	if (Float64(t / l) <= -4e+130)
		tmp = asin(Float64(Float64(-l) / t_1));
	elseif (Float64(t / l) <= 2e+44)
		tmp = asin(sqrt(Float64(Float64(1.0 - Float64(Float64(Om / Omc) / Float64(Omc / Om))) / Float64(1.0 + Float64(2.0 * Float64(1.0 / Float64(Float64(l / t) * Float64(l / t))))))));
	else
		tmp = asin(Float64(l / t_1));
	end
	return tmp
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(t, l, Om, Omc)
	tmp = asin(sqrt(((1.0 - ((Om / Omc) ^ 2.0)) / (1.0 + (2.0 * ((t / l) ^ 2.0))))));
end

↓

function tmp_2 = code(t, l, Om, Omc)
	t_1 = t * sqrt(2.0);
	tmp = 0.0;
	if ((t / l) <= -4e+130)
		tmp = asin((-l / t_1));
	elseif ((t / l) <= 2e+44)
		tmp = asin(sqrt(((1.0 - ((Om / Omc) / (Omc / Om))) / (1.0 + (2.0 * (1.0 / ((l / t) * (l / t))))))));
	else
		tmp = asin((l / t_1));
	end
	tmp_2 = tmp;
end

Wolfram

code[t_, l_, Om_, Omc_] := N[ArcSin[N[Sqrt[N[(N[(1.0 - N[Power[N[(Om / Omc), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + N[(2.0 * N[Power[N[(t / l), $MachinePrecision], 2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]

↓

code[t_, l_, Om_, Omc_] := Block[{t$95$1 = N[(t * N[Sqrt[2.0], $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]}, If[LessEqual[N[(t / l), $MachinePrecision], -4e+130], N[ArcSin[N[((-l) / t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], If[LessEqual[N[(t / l), $MachinePrecision], 2e+44], N[ArcSin[N[Sqrt[N[(N[(1.0 - N[(N[(Om / Omc), $MachinePrecision] / N[(Omc / Om), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision] / N[(1.0 + N[(2.0 * N[(1.0 / N[(N[(l / t), $MachinePrecision] * N[(l / t), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision], N[ArcSin[N[(l / t$95$1), $MachinePrecision]], $MachinePrecision]]]]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if (/.f64 t l) < -4.0000000000000002e130

   1. Initial program 30.9

      \[\sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}{1 + 2 \cdot {\left(\frac{t}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}}\right) \]

   2. Applied egg-rr 1.6

      \[\leadsto \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, \frac{t}{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right)} \]

   3. Simplified 1.6

      \[\leadsto \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, \frac{t \cdot \sqrt{2}}{\ell}\right)}\right)} \]
      Proof

      [Start] 1.6	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, \frac{t}{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \]
      associate-*l/ [=>] 1.6	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, \color{blue}{\frac{t \cdot \sqrt{2}}{\ell}}\right)}\right) \]

   4. Taylor expanded in Om around 0 35.2

      \[\leadsto \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \frac{{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)}^{2} \cdot {t}^{2}}{{\ell}^{2}}}}\right)} \]

   5. Simplified 30.9

      \[\leadsto \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + {\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\frac{\ell}{t}}\right)}^{2}}}\right)} \]
      Proof

      [Start] 35.2	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \frac{{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)}^{2} \cdot {t}^{2}}{{\ell}^{2}}}}\right) \]
      associate-/l* [=>] 35.2	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)}^{2}}{\frac{{\ell}^{2}}{{t}^{2}}}}}}\right) \]
      associate-/r/ [=>] 35.3	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)}^{2}}{{\ell}^{2}} \cdot {t}^{2}}}}\right) \]
      unpow2 [=>] 35.3	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}}}{{\ell}^{2}} \cdot {t}^{2}}}\right) \]
      unpow2 [=>] 35.3	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \frac{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}}{\color{blue}{\ell \cdot \ell}} \cdot {t}^{2}}}\right) \]
      times-frac [=>] 35.3	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell}\right)} \cdot {t}^{2}}}\right) \]
      unpow2 [=>] 35.3	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(t \cdot t\right)}}}\right) \]
      swap-sqr [<=] 31.0	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell} \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell} \cdot t\right)}}}\right) \]
      unpow2 [<=] 31.0	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell} \cdot t\right)}^{2}}}}\right) \]
      associate-/r/ [<=] 30.9	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\frac{\ell}{t}}\right)}}^{2}}}\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in t around -inf 0.5

      \[\leadsto \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(-1 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\sqrt{2} \cdot t}\right)} \]

   7. Simplified 0.5

      \[\leadsto \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-\ell}{\sqrt{2} \cdot t}\right)} \]
      Proof

      [Start] 0.5	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(-1 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\sqrt{2} \cdot t}\right) \]
      associate-*r/ [=>] 0.5	\[ \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{-1 \cdot \ell}{\sqrt{2} \cdot t}\right)} \]
      neg-mul-1 [<=] 0.5	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\color{blue}{-\ell}}{\sqrt{2} \cdot t}\right) \]

   if -4.0000000000000002e130 < (/.f64 t l) < 2.0000000000000002e44

   1. Initial program 0.9

      \[\sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}{1 + 2 \cdot {\left(\frac{t}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}}\right) \]

   2. Applied egg-rr 0.9

      \[\leadsto \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}{1 + 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{\ell}{t} \cdot \frac{\ell}{t}}}}}\right) \]

   3. Applied egg-rr 0.9

      \[\leadsto \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{Om}{Omc}}{\frac{Omc}{Om}}}}{1 + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{\ell}{t} \cdot \frac{\ell}{t}}}}\right) \]

   if 2.0000000000000002e44 < (/.f64 t l)

   1. Initial program 23.2

      \[\sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}{1 + 2 \cdot {\left(\frac{t}{\ell}\right)}^{2}}}\right) \]

   2. Applied egg-rr 0.9

      \[\leadsto \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, \frac{t}{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right)} \]

   3. Simplified 0.9

      \[\leadsto \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, \frac{t \cdot \sqrt{2}}{\ell}\right)}\right)} \]
      Proof

      [Start] 0.9	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, \frac{t}{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{2}\right)}\right) \]
      associate-*l/ [=>] 0.9	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, \color{blue}{\frac{t \cdot \sqrt{2}}{\ell}}\right)}\right) \]

   4. Taylor expanded in Om around 0 35.3

      \[\leadsto \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \frac{{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)}^{2} \cdot {t}^{2}}{{\ell}^{2}}}}\right)} \]

   5. Simplified 23.5

      \[\leadsto \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + {\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\frac{\ell}{t}}\right)}^{2}}}\right)} \]
      Proof

      [Start] 35.3	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \frac{{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)}^{2} \cdot {t}^{2}}{{\ell}^{2}}}}\right) \]
      associate-/l* [=>] 35.3	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)}^{2}}{\frac{{\ell}^{2}}{{t}^{2}}}}}}\right) \]
      associate-/r/ [=>] 35.5	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \color{blue}{\frac{{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)}^{2}}{{\ell}^{2}} \cdot {t}^{2}}}}\right) \]
      unpow2 [=>] 35.5	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}}}{{\ell}^{2}} \cdot {t}^{2}}}\right) \]
      unpow2 [=>] 35.5	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \frac{\sqrt{2} \cdot \sqrt{2}}{\color{blue}{\ell \cdot \ell}} \cdot {t}^{2}}}\right) \]
      times-frac [=>] 35.4	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell}\right)} \cdot {t}^{2}}}\right) \]
      unpow2 [=>] 35.4	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(t \cdot t\right)}}}\right) \]
      swap-sqr [<=] 23.5	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell} \cdot t\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell} \cdot t\right)}}}\right) \]
      unpow2 [<=] 23.5	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell} \cdot t\right)}^{2}}}}\right) \]
      associate-/r/ [<=] 23.5	\[ \sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{1 + {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\frac{\ell}{t}}\right)}}^{2}}}\right) \]

   6. Taylor expanded in l around 0 0.8

      \[\leadsto \sin^{-1} \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\ell}{\sqrt{2} \cdot t}\right)} \]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 0.8

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{t}{\ell} \leq -4 \cdot 10^{+130}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{-\ell}{t \cdot \sqrt{2}}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\frac{t}{\ell} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{+44}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{\frac{1 - \frac{\frac{Om}{Omc}}{\frac{Omc}{Om}}}{1 + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{\frac{\ell}{t} \cdot \frac{\ell}{t}}}}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\ell}{t \cdot \sqrt{2}}\right)\\ \end{array} \]

Alternatives

Alternative 1
Error	1.0
Cost	32832

\[\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, \frac{t \cdot \sqrt{2}}{\ell}\right)}\right) \]

Alternative 2
Error	1.0
Cost	32832

\[\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{Om}{Omc}\right)}^{2}}}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, \frac{t}{\frac{\ell}{\sqrt{2}}}\right)}\right) \]

Alternative 3
Error	1.6
Cost	19712

\[\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, t \cdot \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\ell}\right)}\right) \]

Alternative 4
Error	1.6
Cost	19712

\[\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, \sqrt{2} \cdot \frac{t}{\ell}\right)}\right) \]

Alternative 5
Error	1.6
Cost	19712

\[\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{\mathsf{hypot}\left(1, \frac{t \cdot \sqrt{2}}{\ell}\right)}\right) \]

Alternative 6
Error	1.8
Cost	13896

\[\begin{array}{l} t_1 := t \cdot \sqrt{2}\\ \mathbf{if}\;\frac{t}{\ell} \leq -2000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{-\ell}{t_1}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\frac{t}{\ell} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{1 - \frac{Om}{Omc \cdot \frac{Omc}{Om}}}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\ell}{t_1}\right)\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 7
Error	13.1
Cost	13640

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{t}{\ell} \leq -5 \cdot 10^{+216}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\sqrt{0.5}}{\frac{t}{\ell}}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\frac{t}{\ell} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(1 + \frac{Om}{Omc} \cdot \frac{Om \cdot -0.5}{Omc}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\ell}{t \cdot \sqrt{2}}\right)\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 8
Error	2.0
Cost	13640

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{t}{\ell} \leq -2000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\sqrt{0.5} \cdot \frac{-\ell}{t}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\frac{t}{\ell} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(1 + \frac{Om}{Omc} \cdot \frac{Om \cdot -0.5}{Omc}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\ell}{t \cdot \sqrt{2}}\right)\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 9
Error	2.0
Cost	13640

\[\begin{array}{l} t_1 := t \cdot \sqrt{2}\\ \mathbf{if}\;\frac{t}{\ell} \leq -2000000:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{-\ell}{t_1}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\frac{t}{\ell} \leq 2 \cdot 10^{-9}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(1 + \frac{Om}{Omc} \cdot \frac{Om \cdot -0.5}{Omc}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\ell}{t_1}\right)\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 10
Error	23.3
Cost	13385

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;t \leq -6.2 \cdot 10^{+44} \lor \neg \left(t \leq 5.1 \cdot 10^{+129}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(\frac{\ell}{t \cdot \sqrt{2}}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sin^{-1} \left(1 + \frac{Om}{Omc} \cdot \frac{Om \cdot -0.5}{Omc}\right)\\ \end{array} \]

Alternative 11
Error	31.3
Cost	7104

\[\sin^{-1} \left(1 + \frac{Om}{Omc} \cdot \frac{Om \cdot -0.5}{Omc}\right) \]

Alternative 12
Error	31.5
Cost	6464

\[\sin^{-1} 1 \]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2023012 
(FPCore (t l Om Omc)
  :name "Toniolo and Linder, Equation (2)"
  :precision binary64
  (asin (sqrt (/ (- 1.0 (pow (/ Om Omc) 2.0)) (+ 1.0 (* 2.0 (pow (/ t l) 2.0)))))))