Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile

Average Error: 0.1 → 0.1

Time: 9.5s

Precision: binary32

Cost: 13344

\[\left(0 \leq s \land s \leq 256\right) \land \left(10^{-6} < r \land r < 1000000\right)\]

Math

\[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]

↓

\[0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}} + {e}^{\left(\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333\right)}}{s \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)} \]

FPCore

(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (+
  (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r))
  (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))

↓

(FPCore (s r)
 :precision binary32
 (*
  0.125
  (/
   (+ (exp (- (/ r s))) (pow E (* (/ r s) -0.3333333333333333)))
   (* s (* r PI)))))

C

float code(float s, float r) {
	return ((0.25f * expf((-r / s))) / (((2.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r)) + ((0.75f * expf((-r / (3.0f * s)))) / (((6.0f * ((float) M_PI)) * s) * r));
}

↓

float code(float s, float r) {
	return 0.125f * ((expf(-(r / s)) + powf(((float) M_E), ((r / s) * -0.3333333333333333f))) / (s * (r * ((float) M_PI))));
}

Julia

function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(0.25) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / s))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(2.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)) + Float32(Float32(Float32(0.75) * exp(Float32(Float32(-r) / Float32(Float32(3.0) * s)))) / Float32(Float32(Float32(Float32(6.0) * Float32(pi)) * s) * r)))
end

↓

function code(s, r)
	return Float32(Float32(0.125) * Float32(Float32(exp(Float32(-Float32(r / s))) + (Float32(exp(1)) ^ Float32(Float32(r / s) * Float32(-0.3333333333333333)))) / Float32(s * Float32(r * Float32(pi)))))
end

MATLAB

function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = ((single(0.25) * exp((-r / s))) / (((single(2.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r)) + ((single(0.75) * exp((-r / (single(3.0) * s)))) / (((single(6.0) * single(pi)) * s) * r));
end

↓

function tmp = code(s, r)
	tmp = single(0.125) * ((exp(-(r / s)) + (single(2.71828182845904523536) ^ ((r / s) * single(-0.3333333333333333)))) / (s * (r * single(pi))));
end

Derivation

1. Initial program 0.1

   \[\frac{0.25 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{s}}}{\left(\left(2 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} + \frac{0.75 \cdot e^{\frac{-r}{3 \cdot s}}}{\left(\left(6 \cdot \pi\right) \cdot s\right) \cdot r} \]

2. Simplified 0.8

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{0.125}{s}}{\pi}}{r} \cdot \left(e^{\frac{-r}{s}} + {\left(e^{-0.3333333333333333}\right)}^{\left(\frac{r}{s}\right)}\right)} \]
   Proof
   (*.f32 (/.f32 (/.f32 (/.f32 1/8 s) (PI.f32)) r) (+.f32 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s)) (pow.f32 (exp.f32 -1/3) (/.f32 r s)))): 0 points increase in error, 0 points decrease in error
   (*.f32 (/.f32 (/.f32 (/.f32 (Rewrite<= metadata-eval (/.f32 1/4 2)) s) (PI.f32)) r) (+.f32 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s)) (pow.f32 (exp.f32 -1/3) (/.f32 r s)))): 0 points increase in error, 0 points decrease in error
   (*.f32 (/.f32 (Rewrite=> associate-/l/_binary32 (/.f32 (/.f32 1/4 2) (*.f32 (PI.f32) s))) r) (+.f32 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s)) (pow.f32 (exp.f32 -1/3) (/.f32 r s)))): 5 points increase in error, 3 points decrease in error
   (*.f32 (/.f32 (/.f32 (Rewrite=> metadata-eval 1/8) (*.f32 (PI.f32) s)) r) (+.f32 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s)) (pow.f32 (exp.f32 -1/3) (/.f32 r s)))): 0 points increase in error, 0 points decrease in error
   (*.f32 (/.f32 (/.f32 (Rewrite<= metadata-eval (/.f32 3/4 6)) (*.f32 (PI.f32) s)) r) (+.f32 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s)) (pow.f32 (exp.f32 -1/3) (/.f32 r s)))): 0 points increase in error, 0 points decrease in error
   (*.f32 (/.f32 (Rewrite<= associate-/r*_binary32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 6 (*.f32 (PI.f32) s)))) r) (+.f32 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s)) (pow.f32 (exp.f32 -1/3) (/.f32 r s)))): 3 points increase in error, 1 points decrease in error
   (*.f32 (/.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (Rewrite<= associate-*l*_binary32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s))) r) (+.f32 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s)) (pow.f32 (exp.f32 -1/3) (/.f32 r s)))): 2 points increase in error, 10 points decrease in error
   (*.f32 (Rewrite<= associate-/r*_binary32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r))) (+.f32 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s)) (pow.f32 (exp.f32 -1/3) (/.f32 r s)))): 6 points increase in error, 1 points decrease in error
   (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (+.f32 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s)) (pow.f32 (exp.f32 (Rewrite<= metadata-eval (/.f32 -1 3))) (/.f32 r s)))): 0 points increase in error, 0 points decrease in error
   (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (+.f32 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s)) (Rewrite<= exp-prod_binary32 (exp.f32 (*.f32 (/.f32 -1 3) (/.f32 r s)))))): 0 points increase in error, 6 points decrease in error
   (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (+.f32 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s)) (exp.f32 (Rewrite<= times-frac_binary32 (/.f32 (*.f32 -1 r) (*.f32 3 s)))))): 1 points increase in error, 3 points decrease in error
   (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (+.f32 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s)) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (Rewrite<= neg-mul-1_binary32 (neg.f32 r)) (*.f32 3 s))))): 0 points increase in error, 0 points decrease in error
   (Rewrite<= distribute-lft-out_binary32 (+.f32 (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s))) (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) (*.f32 3 s)))))): 1 points increase in error, 5 points decrease in error
   (+.f32 (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (Rewrite=> associate-*l*_binary32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) (*.f32 s r)))) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s))) (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) (*.f32 3 s))))): 1 points increase in error, 4 points decrease in error
   (+.f32 (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (Rewrite=> associate-*l*_binary32 (*.f32 6 (*.f32 (PI.f32) (*.f32 s r))))) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s))) (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) (*.f32 3 s))))): 3 points increase in error, 1 points decrease in error
   (+.f32 (*.f32 (Rewrite=> associate-/r*_binary32 (/.f32 (/.f32 3/4 6) (*.f32 (PI.f32) (*.f32 s r)))) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s))) (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) (*.f32 3 s))))): 0 points increase in error, 2 points decrease in error
   (+.f32 (*.f32 (/.f32 (Rewrite=> metadata-eval 1/8) (*.f32 (PI.f32) (*.f32 s r))) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s))) (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) (*.f32 3 s))))): 0 points increase in error, 0 points decrease in error
   (+.f32 (*.f32 (/.f32 (Rewrite<= metadata-eval (/.f32 1/4 2)) (*.f32 (PI.f32) (*.f32 s r))) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s))) (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) (*.f32 3 s))))): 0 points increase in error, 0 points decrease in error
   (+.f32 (*.f32 (Rewrite<= associate-/r*_binary32 (/.f32 1/4 (*.f32 2 (*.f32 (PI.f32) (*.f32 s r))))) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s))) (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) (*.f32 3 s))))): 0 points increase in error, 0 points decrease in error
   (+.f32 (*.f32 (/.f32 1/4 (Rewrite<= associate-*l*_binary32 (*.f32 (*.f32 2 (PI.f32)) (*.f32 s r)))) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s))) (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) (*.f32 3 s))))): 0 points increase in error, 0 points decrease in error
   (+.f32 (*.f32 (/.f32 1/4 (Rewrite<= associate-*l*_binary32 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 2 (PI.f32)) s) r))) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s))) (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) (*.f32 3 s))))): 4 points increase in error, 2 points decrease in error
   (+.f32 (Rewrite=> associate-*l/_binary32 (/.f32 (*.f32 1/4 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s))) (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 2 (PI.f32)) s) r))) (*.f32 (/.f32 3/4 (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) (*.f32 3 s))))): 2 points increase in error, 1 points decrease in error
   (+.f32 (/.f32 (*.f32 1/4 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) s))) (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 2 (PI.f32)) s) r)) (Rewrite=> associate-*l/_binary32 (/.f32 (*.f32 3/4 (exp.f32 (/.f32 (neg.f32 r) (*.f32 3 s)))) (*.f32 (*.f32 (*.f32 6 (PI.f32)) s) r)))): 4 points increase in error, 7 points decrease in error

3. Taylor expanded in s around 0 0.1

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}} + e^{-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}}}{s \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)}} \]

4. Applied egg-rr 0.1

   \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-1 \cdot \frac{r}{s}} + \color{blue}{{\left(e^{1}\right)}^{\left(-0.3333333333333333 \cdot \frac{r}{s}\right)}}}{s \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)} \]

5. Final simplification 0.1

   \[\leadsto 0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}} + {e}^{\left(\frac{r}{s} \cdot -0.3333333333333333\right)}}{s \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)} \]

Alternatives

Alternative 1
Error	0.1
Cost	10144

\[0.125 \cdot \frac{e^{-\frac{r}{s}} + e^{\frac{r \cdot -0.3333333333333333}{s}}}{s \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)} \]

Alternative 2
Error	18.1
Cost	9792

\[\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left(r \cdot \pi\right)\right)} \]

Alternative 3
Error	29.0
Cost	3520

\[-1 + \left(1 + \frac{\frac{\frac{0.25}{s}}{r}}{\pi}\right) \]

Alternative 4
Error	29.1
Cost	3456

\[\frac{0.25}{r} \cdot \frac{1}{s \cdot \pi} \]

Alternative 5
Error	29.1
Cost	3392

\[\frac{\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi}}{r}}{s} \]

Alternative 6
Error	29.1
Cost	3392

\[\frac{\frac{0.25}{\pi}}{r \cdot s} \]

Alternative 7
Error	29.1
Cost	3392

\[\frac{\frac{0.25}{s}}{r \cdot \pi} \]

Alternative 8
Error	29.1
Cost	3392

\[\frac{0.25}{s \cdot \left(r \cdot \pi\right)} \]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2022300 
(FPCore (s r)
  :name "Disney BSSRDF, PDF of scattering profile"
  :precision binary32
  :pre (and (and (<= 0.0 s) (<= s 256.0)) (and (< 1e-6 r) (< r 1000000.0)))
  (+ (/ (* 0.25 (exp (/ (- r) s))) (* (* (* 2.0 PI) s) r)) (/ (* 0.75 (exp (/ (- r) (* 3.0 s)))) (* (* (* 6.0 PI) s) r))))