Average Error: 33.2 → 10.0
Time: 8.8s
Precision: binary64
\[\frac{\left(-b_2\right) + \sqrt{b_2 \cdot b_2 - a \cdot c}}{a} \]
↓
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b_2 \leq -3.591573910838058 \cdot 10^{+111}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{c}{b_2}, -2 \cdot \frac{b_2}{a}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b_2 \leq 5.587248024540979 \cdot 10^{-41}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b_2 \cdot b_2 - c \cdot a}}{a} - \frac{b_2}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b_2} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \]
\frac{\left(-b_2\right) + \sqrt{b_2 \cdot b_2 - a \cdot c}}{a}
↓
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b_2 \leq -3.591573910838058 \cdot 10^{+111}:\\
\;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{c}{b_2}, -2 \cdot \frac{b_2}{a}\right)\\

\mathbf{elif}\;b_2 \leq 5.587248024540979 \cdot 10^{-41}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b_2 \cdot b_2 - c \cdot a}}{a} - \frac{b_2}{a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b_2} \cdot -0.5\\


\end{array}

(FPCore (a b_2 c)
 :precision binary64
 (/ (+ (- b_2) (sqrt (- (* b_2 b_2) (* a c)))) a))
↓
(FPCore (a b_2 c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b_2 -3.591573910838058e+111)
   (fma 0.5 (/ c b_2) (* -2.0 (/ b_2 a)))
   (if (<= b_2 5.587248024540979e-41)
     (- (/ (sqrt (- (* b_2 b_2) (* c a))) a) (/ b_2 a))
     (* (/ c b_2) -0.5))))
double code(double a, double b_2, double c) {
	return (-b_2 + sqrt((b_2 * b_2) - (a * c))) / a;
}
↓
double code(double a, double b_2, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b_2 <= -3.591573910838058e+111) {
		tmp = fma(0.5, (c / b_2), (-2.0 * (b_2 / a)));
	} else if (b_2 <= 5.587248024540979e-41) {
		tmp = (sqrt((b_2 * b_2) - (c * a)) / a) - (b_2 / a);
	} else {
		tmp = (c / b_2) * -0.5;
	}
	return tmp;
}

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b_2

Bits error versus c

Derivation

  1. Split input into 3 regimes

  2. if b_2 < -3.59157391083805812e111

    1. Initial program 48.4

      \[\frac{\left(-b_2\right) + \sqrt{b_2 \cdot b_2 - a \cdot c}}{a} \]

    2. Simplified48.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{b_2 \cdot b_2 - a \cdot c} - b_2}{a}} \]

    3. Taylor expanded in b_2 around -inf 3.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b_2} - 2 \cdot \frac{b_2}{a}} \]

    4. Simplified3.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{c}{b_2}, -2 \cdot \frac{b_2}{a}\right)} \]

    if -3.59157391083805812e111 < b_2 < 5.5872480245409791e-41

    1. Initial program 13.6

      \[\frac{\left(-b_2\right) + \sqrt{b_2 \cdot b_2 - a \cdot c}}{a} \]

    2. Simplified13.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{b_2 \cdot b_2 - a \cdot c} - b_2}{a}} \]

    3. Applied div-sub_binary6413.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{b_2 \cdot b_2 - a \cdot c}}{a} - \frac{b_2}{a}} \]

    if 5.5872480245409791e-41 < b_2

    1. Initial program 53.9

      \[\frac{\left(-b_2\right) + \sqrt{b_2 \cdot b_2 - a \cdot c}}{a} \]

    2. Simplified53.9

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{b_2 \cdot b_2 - a \cdot c} - b_2}{a}} \]

    3. Taylor expanded in b_2 around inf 7.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-0.5 \cdot \frac{c}{b_2}} \]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

  4. Final simplification10.0

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b_2 \leq -3.591573910838058 \cdot 10^{+111}:\\ \;\;\;\;\mathsf{fma}\left(0.5, \frac{c}{b_2}, -2 \cdot \frac{b_2}{a}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b_2 \leq 5.587248024540979 \cdot 10^{-41}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b_2 \cdot b_2 - c \cdot a}}{a} - \frac{b_2}{a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{b_2} \cdot -0.5\\ \end{array} \]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2022082 
(FPCore (a b_2 c)
  :name "quad2p (problem 3.2.1, positive)"
  :precision binary64
  (/ (+ (- b_2) (sqrt (- (* b_2 b_2) (* a c)))) a))