\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}
\begin{array}{l}
t_0 := \cos \phi_2 \cdot \sin \phi_1\\
\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \left(t_0 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_2 \cdot \cos \lambda_1\right) + t_0 \cdot \sqrt[3]{\left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_1\right)\right) \cdot \mathsf{log1p}\left(\mathsf{expm1}\left({\sin \lambda_2}^{3}\right)\right)}\right)}
\end{array}
(FPCore (lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2) :precision binary64 (atan2 (* (sin (- lambda1 lambda2)) (cos phi2)) (- (* (cos phi1) (sin phi2)) (* (* (sin phi1) (cos phi2)) (cos (- lambda1 lambda2))))))
(FPCore (lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2)
:precision binary64
(let* ((t_0 (* (cos phi2) (sin phi1))))
(atan2
(*
(- (* (sin lambda1) (cos lambda2)) (* (cos lambda1) (sin lambda2)))
(cos phi2))
(-
(* (cos phi1) (sin phi2))
(+
(* t_0 (* (cos lambda2) (cos lambda1)))
(*
t_0
(cbrt
(*
(* (sin lambda1) (* (sin lambda1) (sin lambda1)))
(log1p (expm1 (pow (sin lambda2) 3.0)))))))))))double code(double lambda1, double lambda2, double phi1, double phi2) {
return atan2((sin(lambda1 - lambda2) * cos(phi2)), ((cos(phi1) * sin(phi2)) - ((sin(phi1) * cos(phi2)) * cos(lambda1 - lambda2))));
}
double code(double lambda1, double lambda2, double phi1, double phi2) {
double t_0 = cos(phi2) * sin(phi1);
return atan2((((sin(lambda1) * cos(lambda2)) - (cos(lambda1) * sin(lambda2))) * cos(phi2)), ((cos(phi1) * sin(phi2)) - ((t_0 * (cos(lambda2) * cos(lambda1))) + (t_0 * cbrt((sin(lambda1) * (sin(lambda1) * sin(lambda1))) * log1p(expm1(pow(sin(lambda2), 3.0))))))));
}



Bits error versus lambda1



Bits error versus lambda2



Bits error versus phi1



Bits error versus phi2
Results
Initial program 13.4
Applied sin-diff_binary646.8
Applied cos-diff_binary640.2
Applied distribute-lft-in_binary640.2
Applied add-cbrt-cube_binary640.2
Applied add-cbrt-cube_binary640.2
Applied cbrt-unprod_binary640.2
Applied log1p-expm1-u_binary640.2
Simplified0.2
Final simplification0.2
herbie shell --seed 2022067
(FPCore (lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2)
:name "Bearing on a great circle"
:precision binary64
(atan2 (* (sin (- lambda1 lambda2)) (cos phi2)) (- (* (cos phi1) (sin phi2)) (* (* (sin phi1) (cos phi2)) (cos (- lambda1 lambda2))))))