Details

analyze760.0ms (5.6%)

Algorithm

1×

Search

True	Other	False	Iter
0%	99.9%	0.1%	0
0%	99.9%	0.1%	1
0%	99.9%	0.1%	2
0%	99.9%	0.1%	3
0%	99.9%	0.1%	4
0%	99.9%	0.1%	5
0%	99.9%	0.1%	6
23.4%	51.5%	25.1%	7
24.2%	50.7%	25.1%	8
24.6%	50.3%	25.1%	9
36.9%	25.5%	37.6%	10
37.2%	25.3%	37.6%	11
37.3%	25.1%	37.6%	12
43.5%	12.7%	43.8%	13
43.6%	12.6%	43.8%	14

Compiler

Compiled 32 to 21 computations (34.4% saved)

sample71.0ms (0.5%)

Algorithm

1×

intervals

Results

41.0ms	256×	body	128	valid
5.0ms	42×	body	128	nan

Compiler

Compiled 66 to 44 computations (33.3% saved)

simplify111.0ms (0.8%)

Algorithm

1×	egg-herbie

Rules

620×	`associate-/l/_binary64`
557×	`cube-prod_binary64`
533×	`sqr-pow_binary64`
519×	`cube-div_binary64`
502×	`pow-sqr_binary64`

Counts

1 → 1

Iterations

Useful iterations: 4 (0.0ms)

Iter	Nodes	Cost
0	19	32
1	24	29
2	27	29
3	38	22
4	55	19
5	58	19
6	169	19
7	466	19
8	668	19
9	738	19
10	1132	19
11	1422	19
12	2240	19
13	3370	19
14	3924	19
15	4394	19
16	4986	19
17	4975	19

prune4.0ms (0%)

Pruning

2 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 0 done)

	Kept	Total
New	1	1
Fresh	1	1
Picked	0	0
Done	0	0
Total	2	2

Error

34.0b

Counts

2 → 2

Alt Table

Status	Error	Program
▶	34.1b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base))
	34.1b	(/.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base)) (.f64 (atan2.f64 im re) 0)) (+.f64 (.f64 (log.f64 base) (log.f64 base)) (.f64 0 0)))

Status

Error

Program

▶

34.1b

(/.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 re re) (*.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base))

34.1b

(/.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (*.f64 re re) (*.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base)) (*.f64 (atan2.f64 im re) 0)) (+.f64 (*.f64 (log.f64 base) (log.f64 base)) (*.f64 0 0)))

Compiler

Compiled 107 to 70 computations (34.6% saved)

localize10.0ms (0.1%)

Local error

Found 2 expressions with local error:

0.4b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base))
31.4b	(sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))

rewrite74.0ms (0.5%)

Algorithm

1×	rewrite-expression-head

Error

33.9b

Rules

24×	`times-frac_binary64`
22×	`log-pow_binary64`
20×	`pow1_binary64`
16×	`add-sqr-sqrt_binary64`
15×	`*-un-lft-identity_binary64`

Counts

2 → 63

Calls

2 calls:

6.0ms	(sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))
6.0ms	(/.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base))

Compiler

Compiled 1163 to 221 computations (81% saved)

series102.0ms (0.8%)

Error

0.4b

Counts

2 → 33

Calls

2 calls:

57.0ms	(/.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base))
29.0ms	(sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))

Compiler

Compiled 1410 to 1037 computations (26.5% saved)

simplify116.0ms (0.8%)

Algorithm

1×	egg-herbie

Rules

423×	`div-sub_binary64`
397×	`distribute-rgt-neg-in_binary64`
302×	`unswap-sqr_binary64`
295×	`times-frac_binary64`
289×	`distribute-neg-frac_binary64`

Counts

96 → 55

Iterations

Useful iterations: 2 (0.0ms)

Iter	Nodes	Cost
0	174	2266
1	366	2163
2	896	2151
3	3050	2151
4	4705	2151
5	5487	2151

prune26.0ms (0.2%)

Pruning

8 alts after pruning (8 fresh and 0 done)

	Pruned	Kept	Total
New	48	7	55
Fresh	0	1	1
Picked	1	0	1
Done	0	0	0
Total	49	8	57

Error

1.4b

Counts

57 → 8

Alt Table

Status	Error	Program
	34.1b	(/.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base)) (.f64 (atan2.f64 im re) 0)) (+.f64 (.f64 (log.f64 base) (log.f64 base)) (.f64 0 0)))
	46.6b	(.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im))))) (/.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (*.f64 im im))))) (log.f64 base)))
	34.3b	(cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base)) 3))
	34.1b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (.f64 (fabs.f64 (cbrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (sqrt.f64 (cbrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (*.f64 im im)))))) (log.f64 base))
	62.4b	(/.f64 (log.f64 re) (log.f64 base))
▶	29.4b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base))
	33.9b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 im (.f64 1/2 (/.f64 (.f64 re re) im)))) (log.f64 base))
	34.5b	(.f64 (.f64 (cbrt.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im))))) (cbrt.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))))) (/.f64 (cbrt.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im))))) (log.f64 base)))

Compiler

Compiled 954 to 426 computations (55.3% saved)

localize6.0ms (0%)

Local error

Found 1 expressions with local error:

0.3b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base))

rewrite29.0ms (0.2%)

Algorithm

1×	rewrite-expression-head

Error

1.3b

Rules

16×	`times-frac_binary64`
11×	`*-un-lft-identity_binary64`
11×	`add-sqr-sqrt_binary64`
11×	`add-cube-cbrt_binary64`
11×	`pow1_binary64`

Counts

1 → 36

Calls

1 calls:

3.0ms

(/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base))

Compiler

Compiled 370 to 89 computations (75.9% saved)

series34.0ms (0.3%)

Error

1.4b

Counts

1 → 6

Calls

1 calls:

31.0ms

(/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base))

Compiler

Compiled 201 to 158 computations (21.4% saved)

simplify84.0ms (0.6%)

Algorithm

1×	egg-herbie

Rules

587×	`neg-sub0_binary64`
554×	`neg-mul-1_binary64`
512×	`distribute-lft-neg-out_binary64`
494×	`unsub-neg_binary64`
460×	`distribute-frac-neg_binary64`

Counts

42 → 20

Iterations

Useful iterations: 4 (0.0ms)

Iter	Nodes	Cost
0	74	745
1	132	676
2	255	676
3	588	676
4	2344	675
5	3572	675
6	4930	675

prune18.0ms (0.1%)

Pruning

11 alts after pruning (10 fresh and 1 done)

	Pruned	Kept	Total
New	16	4	20
Fresh	1	6	7
Picked	0	1	1
Done	0	0	0
Total	17	11	28

Error

1.3b

Counts

28 → 11

Alt Table

Status	Error	Program
	29.6b	(log.f64 (pow.f64 (neg.f64 re) (/.f64 1 (log.f64 base))))
	34.3b	(cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base)) 3))
	39.4b	(*.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re))) (/.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re))) (log.f64 base)))
	62.4b	(/.f64 (log.f64 re) (log.f64 base))
	34.1b	(/.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base)) (.f64 (atan2.f64 im re) 0)) (+.f64 (.f64 (log.f64 base) (log.f64 base)) (.f64 0 0)))
	46.6b	(.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im))))) (/.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (*.f64 im im))))) (log.f64 base)))
	34.1b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (.f64 (fabs.f64 (cbrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (sqrt.f64 (cbrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (*.f64 im im)))))) (log.f64 base))
✓	29.4b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base))
	33.9b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 im (.f64 1/2 (/.f64 (.f64 re re) im)))) (log.f64 base))
	29.9b	(.f64 (.f64 (cbrt.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re))) (cbrt.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)))) (/.f64 (cbrt.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re))) (log.f64 base)))
▶	29.6b	(cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base)) 3))

Compiler

Compiled 466 to 272 computations (41.6% saved)

localize10.0ms (0.1%)

Local error

Found 3 expressions with local error:

0.3b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base))
0.4b	(cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base)) 3))
0.5b	(pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base)) 3)

rewrite84.0ms (0.6%)

Algorithm

1×	rewrite-expression-head

Error

1.3b

Rules

80×	`times-frac_binary64`
51×	`*-un-lft-identity_binary64`
51×	`add-sqr-sqrt_binary64`
51×	`add-cube-cbrt_binary64`
46×	`cbrt-prod_binary64`

Counts

3 → 152

Calls

3 calls:

5.0ms	(cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base)) 3))
5.0ms	(pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base)) 3)
3.0ms	(/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base))

Compiler

Compiled 1554 to 558 computations (64.1% saved)

series113.0ms (0.8%)

Error

1.3b

Counts

3 → 18

Calls

3 calls:

41.0ms	(pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base)) 3)
34.0ms	(/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base))
29.0ms	(cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base)) 3))

Compiler

Compiled 741 to 603 computations (18.6% saved)

simplify133.0ms (1%)

Algorithm

1×	egg-herbie

Rules

750×	`associate-/l*_binary64`
482×	`log-div_binary64`
326×	`unswap-sqr_binary64`
280×	`associate-/l/_binary64`
172×	`associate-/r/_binary64`

Counts

170 → 134

Iterations

Useful iterations: 2 (0.0ms)

Iter	Nodes	Cost
0	163	3570
1	379	3090
2	1210	3029
3	4622	3029
4	5311	3029

prune43.0ms (0.3%)

Pruning

14 alts after pruning (13 fresh and 1 done)

	Pruned	Kept	Total
New	128	6	134
Fresh	2	7	9
Picked	1	0	1
Done	0	1	1
Total	131	14	145

Error

1.3b

Counts

145 → 14

Alt Table

Status	Error	Program
	29.6b	(log.f64 (pow.f64 (neg.f64 re) (/.f64 1 (log.f64 base))))
	34.3b	(cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base)) 3))
▶	29.6b	(cbrt.f64 (neg.f64 (/.f64 (pow.f64 (log.f64 (/.f64 -1 re)) 3) (pow.f64 (log.f64 base) 3))))
	33.9b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 im (.f64 1/2 (/.f64 (.f64 re re) im)))) (log.f64 base))
	34.1b	(/.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base)) (.f64 (atan2.f64 im re) 0)) (+.f64 (.f64 (log.f64 base) (log.f64 base)) (.f64 0 0)))
	39.4b	(cbrt.f64 (*.f64 (pow.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re))) 3) (pow.f64 (/.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re))) (log.f64 base)) 3)))
	46.6b	(.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im))))) (/.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (*.f64 im im))))) (log.f64 base)))
	34.1b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (.f64 (fabs.f64 (cbrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (sqrt.f64 (cbrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (*.f64 im im)))))) (log.f64 base))
	62.4b	(/.f64 (log.f64 re) (log.f64 base))
✓	29.4b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base))
	30.0b	(cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (*.f64 (cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (cbrt.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re))) 6)) (/.f64 (cbrt.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re))) (log.f64 base))) 3))
	29.7b	(.f64 (cbrt.f64 (/.f64 1 (.f64 (log.f64 base) (log.f64 base)))) (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (cbrt.f64 (log.f64 base))))
	29.7b	(*.f64 (cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base)) 2)) (cbrt.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base))))
	29.7b	(cbrt.f64 (cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base)) 3) 3)))

Compiler

Compiled 1129 to 583 computations (48.4% saved)

localize14.0ms (0.1%)

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.2b	(/.f64 (pow.f64 (log.f64 (/.f64 -1 re)) 3) (pow.f64 (log.f64 base) 3))
0.4b	(cbrt.f64 (neg.f64 (/.f64 (pow.f64 (log.f64 (/.f64 -1 re)) 3) (pow.f64 (log.f64 base) 3))))
0.5b	(pow.f64 (log.f64 (/.f64 -1 re)) 3)
0.7b	(pow.f64 (log.f64 base) 3)

rewrite1.0s (7.5%)

Algorithm

1×	rewrite-expression-head

Error

1.3b

Rules

588×	`times-frac_binary64`
404×	`cbrt-prod_binary64`
352×	`cube-prod_binary64`
352×	`unpow-prod-down_binary64`
271×	`*-un-lft-identity_binary64`

Counts

4 → 707

Calls

4 calls:

25.0ms	(cbrt.f64 (neg.f64 (/.f64 (pow.f64 (log.f64 (/.f64 -1 re)) 3) (pow.f64 (log.f64 base) 3))))
9.0ms	(/.f64 (pow.f64 (log.f64 (/.f64 -1 re)) 3) (pow.f64 (log.f64 base) 3))
2.0ms	(pow.f64 (log.f64 base) 3)
2.0ms	(pow.f64 (log.f64 (/.f64 -1 re)) 3)

Compiler

Compiled 9063 to 6815 computations (24.8% saved)

series145.0ms (1.1%)

Error

1.3b

Counts

4 → 18

Calls

4 calls:

57.0ms	(cbrt.f64 (neg.f64 (/.f64 (pow.f64 (log.f64 (/.f64 -1 re)) 3) (pow.f64 (log.f64 base) 3))))
54.0ms	(/.f64 (pow.f64 (log.f64 (/.f64 -1 re)) 3) (pow.f64 (log.f64 base) 3))
16.0ms	(pow.f64 (log.f64 (/.f64 -1 re)) 3)
11.0ms	(pow.f64 (log.f64 base) 3)

Compiler

Compiled 779 to 679 computations (12.8% saved)

simplify693.0ms (5.1%)

Algorithm

1×	egg-herbie

Rules

570×	`div-sub_binary64`
462×	`times-frac_binary64`
415×	`log-prod_binary64`
327×	`cancel-sign-sub-inv_binary64`
320×	`exp-prod_binary64`

Counts

725 → 696

Iterations

Useful iterations: 2 (0.0ms)

Iter	Nodes	Cost
0	549	22710
1	607	21009
2	2904	19152
3	3998	19152
4	5003	19152

prune89.0ms (0.7%)

Pruning

15 alts after pruning (14 fresh and 1 done)

	Pruned	Kept	Total
New	693	3	696
Fresh	1	11	12
Picked	1	0	1
Done	0	1	1
Total	695	15	710

Error

1.3b

Counts

710 → 15

Alt Table

Status	Error	Program
	29.6b	(log.f64 (pow.f64 (neg.f64 re) (/.f64 1 (log.f64 base))))
	34.3b	(cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base)) 3))
	29.7b	(.f64 (cbrt.f64 (/.f64 1 (.f64 (log.f64 base) (log.f64 base)))) (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (cbrt.f64 (log.f64 base))))
	29.7b	(*.f64 (log.f64 (/.f64 -1 re)) (cbrt.f64 (/.f64 -1 (pow.f64 (log.f64 base) 3))))
	34.1b	(/.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im)))) (log.f64 base)) (.f64 (atan2.f64 im re) 0)) (+.f64 (.f64 (log.f64 base) (log.f64 base)) (.f64 0 0)))
	39.4b	(cbrt.f64 (*.f64 (pow.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re))) 3) (pow.f64 (/.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re))) (log.f64 base)) 3)))
	46.6b	(.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (.f64 im im))))) (/.f64 (sqrt.f64 (log.f64 (sqrt.f64 (+.f64 (.f64 re re) (*.f64 im im))))) (log.f64 base)))
	62.4b	(/.f64 (log.f64 re) (log.f64 base))
	29.4b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base))
	33.9b	(/.f64 (log.f64 (+.f64 im (.f64 1/2 (/.f64 (.f64 re re) im)))) (log.f64 base))
	29.6b	(cbrt.f64 (neg.f64 (/.f64 (neg.f64 (pow.f64 (log.f64 (/.f64 -1 re)) 3)) (pow.f64 (neg.f64 (log.f64 base)) 3))))
	30.0b	(cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (*.f64 (cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (cbrt.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re))) 6)) (/.f64 (cbrt.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re))) (log.f64 base))) 3))
	29.7b	(*.f64 (cbrt.f64 (/.f64 -1 (log.f64 base))) (cbrt.f64 (/.f64 (pow.f64 (log.f64 (/.f64 -1 re)) 3) (pow.f64 (log.f64 base) 2))))
	29.7b	(*.f64 (cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base)) 2)) (cbrt.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base))))
	29.7b	(cbrt.f64 (cbrt.f64 (pow.f64 (pow.f64 (/.f64 (log.f64 (neg.f64 re)) (log.f64 base)) 3) 3)))

Compiler

Compiled 2199 to 1633 computations (25.7% saved)

regimes7.6s (55.7%)

Accuracy

Total 5.7b remaining (77%)

Threshold costs 0b (0%)

Compiler

Compiled 42899 to 32168 computations (25% saved)

bsearch145.0ms (1.1%)

Steps

Iters	Range		Point
6	-1.2846918356931174e-145	-1.2557744530640157e-146	-1.2637342420410735e-145
4	-1.3148297201800246e+98	-6.905769674678538e+97	-1.2172902275687481e+98

Compiler

Compiled 4 to 3 computations (25% saved)

simplify6.0ms (0%)

Algorithm

1×	egg-herbie

Rules

9×	`+-commutative_binary64`
9×	`*-commutative_binary64`
8×	`sub-neg_binary64`
8×	`neg-sub0_binary64`
5×	`neg-mul-1_binary64`

Iterations

Useful iterations: 0 (0.0ms)

Iter	Nodes	Cost
0	34	70
1	44	70
2	53	70
3	68	70
4	81	70
5	88	70
6	90	70
7	89	70

end9.0ms (0.1%)

Compiler: Compiled 141 to 114 computations (19.1% saved)

sample2.1s (15.3%)

Algorithm

1×

intervals

Results

1.1s	8000×	body	128	valid
142.0ms	983×	body	128	nan

Compiler

Compiled 351 to 253 computations (27.9% saved)

Details

analyze760.0ms (5.6%)

sample71.0ms (0.5%)

simplify111.0ms (0.8%)

prune4.0ms (0%)

localize10.0ms (0.1%)

rewrite74.0ms (0.5%)

series102.0ms (0.8%)

simplify116.0ms (0.8%)

prune26.0ms (0.2%)

localize6.0ms (0%)

rewrite29.0ms (0.2%)

series34.0ms (0.3%)

simplify84.0ms (0.6%)

prune18.0ms (0.1%)

localize10.0ms (0.1%)

rewrite84.0ms (0.6%)

series113.0ms (0.8%)

simplify133.0ms (1%)

prune43.0ms (0.3%)

localize14.0ms (0.1%)

rewrite1.0s (7.5%)

series145.0ms (1.1%)

simplify693.0ms (5.1%)

prune89.0ms (0.7%)

regimes7.6s (55.7%)

bsearch145.0ms (1.1%)

simplify6.0ms (0%)

end9.0ms (0.1%)

sample2.1s (15.3%)

Profiling