jeff quadratic root 2

Average Error: 19.2 → 6.4

Time: 15.9s

Precision: binary64

Cost: 8387

Math

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

↓

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -2.0262717151588954 \cdot 10^{+150}:\\ \;\;\;\;\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 6.946559789455752 \cdot 10^{+104}:\\ \;\;\;\;\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - b}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

FPCore

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (>= b 0.0)
   (/ (* 2.0 c) (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c)))))
   (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c)))) (* 2.0 a))))

↓

(FPCore (a b c)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= b -2.0262717151588954e+150)
   (if (>= b 0.0)
     (/ (* 2.0 c) (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* c (* 4.0 a))))))
     (/ (- (- b) b) (* 2.0 a)))
   (if (<= b 6.946559789455752e+104)
     (if (>= b 0.0)
       (/ (* 2.0 c) (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* c (* 4.0 a))))))
       (/ (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* c (* 4.0 a)))) b) (* 2.0 a)))
     (if (>= b 0.0)
       (/ (* 2.0 c) (- (- b) b))
       (/ (- (sqrt (- (* b b) (* c (* 4.0 a)))) b) (* 2.0 a))))))

C

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b >= 0.0) {
		tmp = (2.0 * c) / (-b - sqrt((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c)));
	} else {
		tmp = (-b + sqrt((b * b) - ((4.0 * a) * c))) / (2.0 * a);
	}
	return tmp;
}

↓

double code(double a, double b, double c) {
	double tmp;
	if (b <= -2.0262717151588954e+150) {
		double tmp_1;
		if (b >= 0.0) {
			tmp_1 = (2.0 * c) / (-b - sqrt((b * b) - (c * (4.0 * a))));
		} else {
			tmp_1 = (-b - b) / (2.0 * a);
		}
		tmp = tmp_1;
	} else if (b <= 6.946559789455752e+104) {
		double tmp_2;
		if (b >= 0.0) {
			tmp_2 = (2.0 * c) / (-b - sqrt((b * b) - (c * (4.0 * a))));
		} else {
			tmp_2 = (sqrt((b * b) - (c * (4.0 * a))) - b) / (2.0 * a);
		}
		tmp = tmp_2;
	} else if (b >= 0.0) {
		tmp = (2.0 * c) / (-b - b);
	} else {
		tmp = (sqrt((b * b) - (c * (4.0 * a))) - b) / (2.0 * a);
	}
	return tmp;
}

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Alternatives

Alternative 1
Error	30.9
Cost	34497

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\sqrt{{b}^{6} - {\left(c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)\right)}^{3}}}{\sqrt{{b}^{4} + 4 \cdot \left(\left(b \cdot b + c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)\right) \cdot \left(c \cdot a\right)\right)}} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 2
Error	19.4
Cost	27585

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \left|\sqrt[3]{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}\right| \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt[3]{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 3
Error	19.3
Cost	27585

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 4
Error	19.3
Cost	27521

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 5
Error	19.4
Cost	21121

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt[3]{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 6
Error	27.5
Cost	20865

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt[3]{\left(c \cdot a\right) \cdot -4} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 7
Error	24.6
Cost	20609

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt[3]{{\left(\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}\right)}^{3}}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 8
Error	24.7
Cost	20545

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b\right)}^{3}}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 9
Error	30.5
Cost	20545

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{\sqrt[3]{{\left(b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)\right)}^{3}}} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 10
Error	20.5
Cost	20545

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - e^{\log \left(\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 11
Error	24.5
Cost	20545

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}\right)}^{3}} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 12
Error	20.4
Cost	20481

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{e^{\log \left(\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 13
Error	28.9
Cost	8129

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 14
Error	34.3
Cost	8065

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\frac{c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 15
Error	19.2
Cost	7745

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 16
Error	21.2
Cost	7745

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 17
Error	27.7
Cost	7745

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{a \cdot \left(c \cdot -4\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 18
Error	37.3
Cost	7745

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{b - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 19
Error	19.2
Cost	7681

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;-2 \cdot \frac{c}{b + \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 20
Error	21.0
Cost	7681

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - b}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 21
Error	30.3
Cost	7681

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{a \cdot \left(c \cdot -4\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Alternative 22
Error	61.6
Cost	64

\[1\]

Alternative 23
Error	56.0
Cost	64

\[0\]

Alternative 24
Error	61.6
Cost	64

\[-1\]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if b < -2.02627171515889543e150

   1. Initial program 62.3

      \[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

   2. Taylor expanded around -inf 2.7

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + -1 \cdot b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

   3. Simplified 2.7

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \left(-b\right)}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

   4. Simplified 2.7

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}}\]

   if -2.02627171515889543e150 < b < 6.94655978945575157e104

   1. Initial program 8.6

      \[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

   2. Simplified 8.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}}\]

   if 6.94655978945575157e104 < b

   1. Initial program 29.8

      \[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

   2. Taylor expanded around inf 2.0

      \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \color{blue}{b}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

   3. Simplified 2.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - b}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}}\]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 6.4

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \leq -2.0262717151588954 \cdot 10^{+150}:\\ \;\;\;\;\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \leq 6.946559789455752 \cdot 10^{+104}:\\ \;\;\;\;\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \geq 0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{2 \cdot c}{\left(-b\right) - b}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt{b \cdot b - c \cdot \left(4 \cdot a\right)} - b}{2 \cdot a}\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2021042 
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "jeff quadratic root 2"
  :precision binary64
  (if (>= b 0.0) (/ (* 2.0 c) (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c))))) (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4.0 a) c)))) (* 2.0 a))))