Average Error: 20.1 → 4.9
Time: 2.1s
Precision: binary64
\[0 < x \land x < 1 \land y < 1\]
\[\frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}\]
↓
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.3534529294603233 \cdot 10^{+154}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq -1.5469202841278558 \cdot 10^{-162}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}{x \cdot x - y \cdot y}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.5816817489251754 \cdot 10^{-162}:\\ \;\;\;\;1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(y + x\right)}{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}\\ \end{array}\]
\frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}
↓
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.3534529294603233 \cdot 10^{+154}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1\\

\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq -1.5469202841278558 \cdot 10^{-162}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}{x \cdot x - y \cdot y}}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.5816817489251754 \cdot 10^{-162}:\\
\;\;\;\;1\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(y + x\right)}{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}\\

\end{array}
(FPCore (x y) :precision binary64 (/ (* (- x y) (+ x y)) (+ (* x x) (* y y))))
↓
(FPCore (x y)
 :precision binary64
 (if (<= y -1.3534529294603233e+154)
   -1.0
   (if (<= y -1.5469202841278558e-162)
     (/ 1.0 (/ (+ (* x x) (* y y)) (- (* x x) (* y y))))
     (if (<= y 1.5816817489251754e-162)
       1.0
       (/ (* (- x y) (+ y x)) (+ (* x x) (* y y)))))))
double code(double x, double y) {
	return ((x - y) * (x + y)) / ((x * x) + (y * y));
}
↓
double code(double x, double y) {
	double tmp;
	if (y <= -1.3534529294603233e+154) {
		tmp = -1.0;
	} else if (y <= -1.5469202841278558e-162) {
		tmp = 1.0 / (((x * x) + (y * y)) / ((x * x) - (y * y)));
	} else if (y <= 1.5816817489251754e-162) {
		tmp = 1.0;
	} else {
		tmp = ((x - y) * (y + x)) / ((x * x) + (y * y));
	}
	return tmp;
}

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus y

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original20.1
Target0.0
Herbie4.9
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;0.5 < \left|\frac{x}{y}\right| \land \left|\frac{x}{y}\right| < 2:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 - \frac{2}{1 + \frac{x}{y} \cdot \frac{x}{y}}\\ \end{array}\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 4 regimes

  2. if y < -1.35345292946032327e154

    1. Initial program 64.0

      \[\frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}\]

    2. Taylor expanded around 0 0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1}\]

    if -1.35345292946032327e154 < y < -1.54692028412785578e-162

    1. Initial program 0.0

      \[\frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}\]
    2. Using strategy rm

    3. Applied clear-num_binary64_14410.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(x + y\right)}}}\]

    4. Simplified0.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{1}{\color{blue}{\frac{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}{x \cdot x - y \cdot y}}}\]

    if -1.54692028412785578e-162 < y < 1.58168174892517543e-162

    1. Initial program 30.3

      \[\frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}\]

    2. Taylor expanded around inf 15.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1}\]

    if 1.58168174892517543e-162 < y

    1. Initial program 0.0

      \[\frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(x + y\right)}{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}\]
  3. Recombined 4 regimes into one program.

  4. Final simplification4.9

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;y \leq -1.3534529294603233 \cdot 10^{+154}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq -1.5469202841278558 \cdot 10^{-162}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}{x \cdot x - y \cdot y}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;y \leq 1.5816817489251754 \cdot 10^{-162}:\\ \;\;\;\;1\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(x - y\right) \cdot \left(y + x\right)}{x \cdot x + y \cdot y}\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2020343 
(FPCore (x y)
  :name "Kahan p9 Example"
  :precision binary64
  :pre (and (< 0.0 x 1.0) (< y 1.0))

  :herbie-target
  (if (< 0.5 (fabs (/ x y)) 2.0) (/ (* (- x y) (+ x y)) (+ (* x x) (* y y))) (- 1.0 (/ 2.0 (+ 1.0 (* (/ x y) (/ x y))))))

  (/ (* (- x y) (+ x y)) (+ (* x x) (* y y))))