\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\sin \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \left(\sin \phi_1 \cdot \cos \phi_2\right) \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}\tan^{-1}_* \frac{\left(\cos \lambda_2 \cdot \sin \lambda_1 - \cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right) \cdot \cos \phi_2}{\cos \phi_1 \cdot \sin \phi_2 - \left(\left(\cos \lambda_2 \cdot \cos \lambda_1\right) \cdot \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) + \left(\cos \phi_2 \cdot \sin \phi_1\right) \cdot \log \left(e^{\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2}\right)\right)}(FPCore (lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2) :precision binary64 (atan2 (* (sin (- lambda1 lambda2)) (cos phi2)) (- (* (cos phi1) (sin phi2)) (* (* (sin phi1) (cos phi2)) (cos (- lambda1 lambda2))))))
(FPCore (lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2)
:precision binary64
(atan2
(*
(- (* (cos lambda2) (sin lambda1)) (* (cos lambda1) (sin lambda2)))
(cos phi2))
(-
(* (cos phi1) (sin phi2))
(+
(* (* (cos lambda2) (cos lambda1)) (* (cos phi2) (sin phi1)))
(*
(* (cos phi2) (sin phi1))
(log (exp (* (sin lambda1) (sin lambda2)))))))))double code(double lambda1, double lambda2, double phi1, double phi2) {
return ((double) atan2(((double) (((double) sin(((double) (lambda1 - lambda2)))) * ((double) cos(phi2)))), ((double) (((double) (((double) cos(phi1)) * ((double) sin(phi2)))) - ((double) (((double) (((double) sin(phi1)) * ((double) cos(phi2)))) * ((double) cos(((double) (lambda1 - lambda2))))))))));
}
double code(double lambda1, double lambda2, double phi1, double phi2) {
return ((double) atan2(((double) (((double) (((double) (((double) cos(lambda2)) * ((double) sin(lambda1)))) - ((double) (((double) cos(lambda1)) * ((double) sin(lambda2)))))) * ((double) cos(phi2)))), ((double) (((double) (((double) cos(phi1)) * ((double) sin(phi2)))) - ((double) (((double) (((double) (((double) cos(lambda2)) * ((double) cos(lambda1)))) * ((double) (((double) cos(phi2)) * ((double) sin(phi1)))))) + ((double) (((double) (((double) cos(phi2)) * ((double) sin(phi1)))) * ((double) log(((double) exp(((double) (((double) sin(lambda1)) * ((double) sin(lambda2))))))))))))))));
}



Bits error versus lambda1



Bits error versus lambda2



Bits error versus phi1



Bits error versus phi2
Results
Initial program 13.1
rmApplied sin-diff_binary646.4
Simplified6.4
rmApplied cos-diff_binary640.2
Applied distribute-lft-in_binary640.2
Simplified0.2
Simplified0.2
rmApplied add-log-exp_binary640.2
Final simplification0.2
herbie shell --seed 2020205
(FPCore (lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2)
:name "Bearing on a great circle"
:precision binary64
(atan2 (* (sin (- lambda1 lambda2)) (cos phi2)) (- (* (cos phi1) (sin phi2)) (* (* (sin phi1) (cos phi2)) (cos (- lambda1 lambda2))))))