quadp (p42, positive)

Average Error: 34.5 → 10.1

Time: 5.0s

Precision: binary64

Math

\[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\]

↓

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \le -7.0188375781974588 \cdot 10^{139}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot \left(\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 2.44645656585831535 \cdot 10^{-86}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Target

Original	34.5
Target	21.2
Herbie	10.1

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \lt 0.0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{a \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}}\\ \end{array}\]

Derivation

1. Split input into 3 regimes

2. if b < -7.0188375781974588e139

   1. Initial program 58.4

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\]

   2. Taylor expanded around -inf 2.9

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{c}{b} - 1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}}\]

   3. Simplified 2.9

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\right)}\]

   if -7.0188375781974588e139 < b < 2.44645656585831535e-86

   1. Initial program 12.3

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\]
   2. Using strategy rm

   3. Applied div-inv 12.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2 \cdot a}}\]

   if 2.44645656585831535e-86 < b

   1. Initial program 53.1

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\]

   2. Taylor expanded around inf 9.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}}\]
3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

4. Final simplification 10.1

   \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \le -7.0188375781974588 \cdot 10^{139}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot \left(\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 2.44645656585831535 \cdot 10^{-86}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2020162 
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "quadp (p42, positive)"
  :precision binary64

  :herbie-target
  (if (< b 0.0) (/ (+ (neg b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c))))) (* 2.0 a)) (/ c (* a (/ (- (neg b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c))))) (* 2.0 a)))))

  (/ (+ (neg b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* 4.0 (* a c))))) (* 2.0 a)))