Average Error: 16.9 → 12.7
Time: 7.7s
Precision: 64
\[\pi \cdot \ell - \frac{1}{F \cdot F} \cdot \tan \left(\pi \cdot \ell\right)\]
↓
\[\pi \cdot \ell - \frac{1}{F} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{F} \cdot \tan \left(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}}\right) \cdot \ell\right)\right)\right)\]
\pi \cdot \ell - \frac{1}{F \cdot F} \cdot \tan \left(\pi \cdot \ell\right)
↓
\pi \cdot \ell - \frac{1}{F} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{F} \cdot \tan \left(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}}\right) \cdot \ell\right)\right)\right)
double code(double F, double l) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) * l) - ((1.0 / (F * F)) * tan((((double) M_PI) * l))));
}
↓
double code(double F, double l) {
	return ((((double) M_PI) * l) - ((1.0 / F) * ((1.0 / F) * tan(((sqrt(sqrt(((double) M_PI))) * sqrt(sqrt(((double) M_PI)))) * ((sqrt(sqrt(((double) M_PI))) * sqrt(sqrt(((double) M_PI)))) * l))))));
}

Error

Bits error versus F

Bits error versus l

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Derivation

  1. Initial program 16.9

    \[\pi \cdot \ell - \frac{1}{F \cdot F} \cdot \tan \left(\pi \cdot \ell\right)\]
  2. Using strategy rm

  3. Applied *-un-lft-identity16.9

    \[\leadsto \pi \cdot \ell - \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot 1}}{F \cdot F} \cdot \tan \left(\pi \cdot \ell\right)\]

  4. Applied times-frac16.9

    \[\leadsto \pi \cdot \ell - \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{F} \cdot \frac{1}{F}\right)} \cdot \tan \left(\pi \cdot \ell\right)\]

  5. Applied associate-*l*12.7

    \[\leadsto \pi \cdot \ell - \color{blue}{\frac{1}{F} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{F} \cdot \tan \left(\pi \cdot \ell\right)\right)}\]
  6. Using strategy rm

  7. Applied add-sqr-sqrt12.7

    \[\leadsto \pi \cdot \ell - \frac{1}{F} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{F} \cdot \tan \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\pi} \cdot \sqrt{\pi}\right)} \cdot \ell\right)\right)\]

  8. Applied associate-*l*12.7

    \[\leadsto \pi \cdot \ell - \frac{1}{F} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{F} \cdot \tan \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\pi} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\pi} \cdot \ell\right)\right)}\right)\]
  9. Using strategy rm

  10. Applied add-sqr-sqrt12.7

    \[\leadsto \pi \cdot \ell - \frac{1}{F} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{F} \cdot \tan \left(\sqrt{\pi} \cdot \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\pi} \cdot \sqrt{\pi}}} \cdot \ell\right)\right)\right)\]

  11. Applied sqrt-prod12.7

    \[\leadsto \pi \cdot \ell - \frac{1}{F} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{F} \cdot \tan \left(\sqrt{\pi} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}}\right)} \cdot \ell\right)\right)\right)\]
  12. Using strategy rm

  13. Applied add-sqr-sqrt12.7

    \[\leadsto \pi \cdot \ell - \frac{1}{F} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{F} \cdot \tan \left(\sqrt{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\pi} \cdot \sqrt{\pi}}} \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}}\right) \cdot \ell\right)\right)\right)\]

  14. Applied sqrt-prod12.7

    \[\leadsto \pi \cdot \ell - \frac{1}{F} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{F} \cdot \tan \left(\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}}\right)} \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}}\right) \cdot \ell\right)\right)\right)\]

  15. Final simplification12.7

    \[\leadsto \pi \cdot \ell - \frac{1}{F} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{F} \cdot \tan \left(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\pi}}\right) \cdot \ell\right)\right)\right)\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2020102 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (F l)
  :name "VandenBroeck and Keller, Equation (6)"
  :precision binary64
  (- (* PI l) (* (/ 1 (* F F)) (tan (* PI l)))))