Average Error: 0.0 → 0.0
Time: 1.2s
Precision: 64
\[56789 \le a \le 98765 \land 0.0 \le b \le 1 \land 0.0 \le c \le 0.0016773000000000001 \land 0.0 \le d \le 0.0016773000000000001\]
\[a \cdot \left(\left(b + c\right) + d\right)\]
\[\mathsf{fma}\left(d, a, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, a \cdot c\right)\right)\]
a \cdot \left(\left(b + c\right) + d\right)
\mathsf{fma}\left(d, a, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, a \cdot c\right)\right)
double f(double a, double b, double c, double d) {
        double r95651 = a;
        double r95652 = b;
        double r95653 = c;
        double r95654 = r95652 + r95653;
        double r95655 = d;
        double r95656 = r95654 + r95655;
        double r95657 = r95651 * r95656;
        return r95657;
}

double f(double a, double b, double c, double d) {
        double r95658 = d;
        double r95659 = a;
        double r95660 = b;
        double r95661 = c;
        double r95662 = r95659 * r95661;
        double r95663 = fma(r95659, r95660, r95662);
        double r95664 = fma(r95658, r95659, r95663);
        return r95664;
}

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Bits error versus d

Target

Original0.0
Target0.0
Herbie0.0
\[a \cdot b + a \cdot \left(c + d\right)\]

Derivation

  1. Initial program 0.0

    \[a \cdot \left(\left(b + c\right) + d\right)\]
  2. Taylor expanded around inf 0.0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{d \cdot a + \left(a \cdot b + a \cdot c\right)}\]
  3. Simplified0.0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(d, a, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, a \cdot c\right)\right)}\]
  4. Final simplification0.0

    \[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(d, a, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, a \cdot c\right)\right)\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2020060 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b c d)
  :name "Expression, p14"
  :precision binary64
  :pre (and (<= 56789 a 98765) (<= 0.0 b 1) (<= 0.0 c 0.0016773) (<= 0.0 d 0.0016773))

  :herbie-target
  (+ (* a b) (* a (+ c d)))

  (* a (+ (+ b c) d)))