Average Error: 0.9 → 0.3
Time: 10.7s
Precision: 64
\[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \sin \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}{\cos \phi_1 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}\]
↓
\[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_2, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \lambda_1, \cos \lambda_2, \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right), \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}^{3}}}\]
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \sin \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}{\cos \phi_1 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}
↓
\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_2, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \lambda_1, \cos \lambda_2, \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right), \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}^{3}}}
double f(double lambda1, double lambda2, double phi1, double phi2) {
        double r59403 = lambda1;
        double r59404 = phi2;
        double r59405 = cos(r59404);
        double r59406 = lambda2;
        double r59407 = r59403 - r59406;
        double r59408 = sin(r59407);
        double r59409 = r59405 * r59408;
        double r59410 = phi1;
        double r59411 = cos(r59410);
        double r59412 = cos(r59407);
        double r59413 = r59405 * r59412;
        double r59414 = r59411 + r59413;
        double r59415 = atan2(r59409, r59414);
        double r59416 = r59403 + r59415;
        return r59416;
}
↓
double f(double lambda1, double lambda2, double phi1, double phi2) {
        double r59417 = lambda1;
        double r59418 = phi2;
        double r59419 = cos(r59418);
        double r59420 = sin(r59417);
        double r59421 = lambda2;
        double r59422 = cos(r59421);
        double r59423 = r59420 * r59422;
        double r59424 = cos(r59417);
        double r59425 = sin(r59421);
        double r59426 = r59424 * r59425;
        double r59427 = r59423 - r59426;
        double r59428 = r59419 * r59427;
        double r59429 = r59420 * r59425;
        double r59430 = fma(r59424, r59422, r59429);
        double r59431 = phi1;
        double r59432 = cos(r59431);
        double r59433 = fma(r59419, r59430, r59432);
        double r59434 = 3.0;
        double r59435 = pow(r59433, r59434);
        double r59436 = cbrt(r59435);
        double r59437 = atan2(r59428, r59436);
        double r59438 = r59417 + r59437;
        return r59438;
}

Error

Bits error versus lambda1

Bits error versus lambda2

Bits error versus phi1

Bits error versus phi2

Derivation

  1. Initial program 0.9

    \[\lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \sin \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}{\cos \phi_1 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}\]
  2. Using strategy rm

  3. Applied sin-diff0.8

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}}{\cos \phi_1 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \cos \left(\lambda_1 - \lambda_2\right)}\]
  4. Using strategy rm

  5. Applied cos-diff0.2

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}{\cos \phi_1 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}}\]
  6. Using strategy rm

  7. Applied add-cbrt-cube0.3

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}{\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\left(\cos \phi_1 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)\right) \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)\right)\right) \cdot \left(\cos \phi_1 + \cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\cos \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 + \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)\right)}}}\]

  8. Simplified0.3

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}{\sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_2, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \lambda_1, \cos \lambda_2, \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right), \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}^{3}}}}\]

  9. Final simplification0.3

    \[\leadsto \lambda_1 + \tan^{-1}_* \frac{\cos \phi_2 \cdot \left(\sin \lambda_1 \cdot \cos \lambda_2 - \cos \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right)}{\sqrt[3]{{\left(\mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \phi_2, \mathsf{fma}\left(\cos \lambda_1, \cos \lambda_2, \sin \lambda_1 \cdot \sin \lambda_2\right), \cos \phi_1\right)\right)}^{3}}}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2020060 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (lambda1 lambda2 phi1 phi2)
  :name "Midpoint on a great circle"
  :precision binary64
  (+ lambda1 (atan2 (* (cos phi2) (sin (- lambda1 lambda2))) (+ (cos phi1) (* (cos phi2) (cos (- lambda1 lambda2)))))))