Average Error: 34.3 → 6.5
Time: 7.0s
Precision: 64
\[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \le -7.6038168240882645 \cdot 10^{144}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot \left(\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le -3.2731438419880699 \cdot 10^{-203}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 2.1125387673008883 \cdot 10^{122}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\frac{1}{\frac{2}{4}}}{\frac{1}{c}}}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array}\]
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \le -7.6038168240882645 \cdot 10^{144}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 \cdot \left(\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\right)\\

\mathbf{elif}\;b \le -3.2731438419880699 \cdot 10^{-203}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}{2 \cdot a}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;b \le 2.1125387673008883 \cdot 10^{122}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\frac{1}{\frac{2}{4}}}{\frac{1}{c}}}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}\\

\end{array}
double f(double a, double b, double c) {
        double r268604 = b;
        double r268605 = -r268604;
        double r268606 = r268604 * r268604;
        double r268607 = 4.0;
        double r268608 = a;
        double r268609 = r268607 * r268608;
        double r268610 = c;
        double r268611 = r268609 * r268610;
        double r268612 = r268606 - r268611;
        double r268613 = sqrt(r268612);
        double r268614 = r268605 + r268613;
        double r268615 = 2.0;
        double r268616 = r268615 * r268608;
        double r268617 = r268614 / r268616;
        return r268617;
}

double f(double a, double b, double c) {
        double r268618 = b;
        double r268619 = -7.603816824088264e+144;
        bool r268620 = r268618 <= r268619;
        double r268621 = 1.0;
        double r268622 = c;
        double r268623 = r268622 / r268618;
        double r268624 = a;
        double r268625 = r268618 / r268624;
        double r268626 = r268623 - r268625;
        double r268627 = r268621 * r268626;
        double r268628 = -3.27314384198807e-203;
        bool r268629 = r268618 <= r268628;
        double r268630 = -r268618;
        double r268631 = r268618 * r268618;
        double r268632 = 4.0;
        double r268633 = r268632 * r268624;
        double r268634 = r268633 * r268622;
        double r268635 = r268631 - r268634;
        double r268636 = sqrt(r268635);
        double r268637 = sqrt(r268636);
        double r268638 = r268637 * r268637;
        double r268639 = r268630 + r268638;
        double r268640 = 2.0;
        double r268641 = r268640 * r268624;
        double r268642 = r268639 / r268641;
        double r268643 = 2.1125387673008883e+122;
        bool r268644 = r268618 <= r268643;
        double r268645 = 1.0;
        double r268646 = r268640 / r268632;
        double r268647 = r268645 / r268646;
        double r268648 = r268645 / r268622;
        double r268649 = r268647 / r268648;
        double r268650 = r268630 - r268636;
        double r268651 = r268649 / r268650;
        double r268652 = -1.0;
        double r268653 = r268652 * r268623;
        double r268654 = r268644 ? r268651 : r268653;
        double r268655 = r268629 ? r268642 : r268654;
        double r268656 = r268620 ? r268627 : r268655;
        return r268656;
}

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original34.3
Target21.2
Herbie6.5
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \lt 0.0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{a \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}}\\ \end{array}\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 4 regimes
  2. if b < -7.603816824088264e+144

    1. Initial program 61.2

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Taylor expanded around -inf 2.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{c}{b} - 1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}}\]
    3. Simplified2.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\right)}\]

    if -7.603816824088264e+144 < b < -3.27314384198807e-203

    1. Initial program 7.1

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied add-sqr-sqrt7.1

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c} \cdot \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    4. Applied sqrt-prod7.4

      \[\leadsto \frac{\left(-b\right) + \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}}{2 \cdot a}\]

    if -3.27314384198807e-203 < b < 2.1125387673008883e+122

    1. Initial program 29.8

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied flip-+29.9

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) \cdot \left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c} \cdot \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    4. Simplified16.2

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    5. Using strategy rm
    6. Applied *-un-lft-identity16.2

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right)}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    7. Applied *-un-lft-identity16.2

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)\right)}}{1 \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    8. Applied times-frac16.2

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{1} \cdot \frac{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    9. Applied associate-/l*16.3

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{1}}{\frac{2 \cdot a}{\frac{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}}}\]
    10. Simplified15.5

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{1}{1}}{\color{blue}{\frac{2 \cdot a}{4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)} \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right)}}\]
    11. Using strategy rm
    12. Applied associate-/r*15.3

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{\frac{1}{1}}{\frac{2 \cdot a}{4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}\]
    13. Simplified9.5

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{\frac{2}{4}}}{\frac{1}{c}}}}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}\]

    if 2.1125387673008883e+122 < b

    1. Initial program 61.1

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Taylor expanded around inf 2.1

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}}\]
  3. Recombined 4 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification6.5

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \le -7.6038168240882645 \cdot 10^{144}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot \left(\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le -3.2731438419880699 \cdot 10^{-203}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 2.1125387673008883 \cdot 10^{122}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{\frac{1}{\frac{2}{4}}}{\frac{1}{c}}}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2020036 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "The quadratic formula (r1)"
  :precision binary64

  :herbie-target
  (if (< b 0.0) (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)) (/ c (* a (/ (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))))

  (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))