Average Error: 37.6 → 15.7
Time: 17.8s
Precision: 64
\[\tan \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \tan x\]
↓
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -4.6784667043225302 \cdot 10^{-32}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\left(\tan x + \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(1 + \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)\right) \cdot \cos x - \left(1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)\right) \cdot \sin x}{\left(1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)\right) \cdot \cos x}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\varepsilon \le 1.04782928541883701 \cdot 10^{-23}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x \cdot \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\varepsilon + x\right) + \varepsilon\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{1 - \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon}{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}} - \tan x\\ \end{array}\]
\tan \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \tan x
↓
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -4.6784667043225302 \cdot 10^{-32}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\left(\tan x + \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(1 + \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)\right) \cdot \cos x - \left(1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)\right) \cdot \sin x}{\left(1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)\right) \cdot \cos x}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;\varepsilon \le 1.04782928541883701 \cdot 10^{-23}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(x \cdot \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\varepsilon + x\right) + \varepsilon\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{1 - \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon}{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}} - \tan x\\

\end{array}
double f(double x, double eps) {
        double r533 = x;
        double r534 = eps;
        double r535 = r533 + r534;
        double r536 = tan(r535);
        double r537 = tan(r533);
        double r538 = r536 - r537;
        return r538;
}
↓
double f(double x, double eps) {
        double r539 = eps;
        double r540 = -4.67846670432253e-32;
        bool r541 = r539 <= r540;
        double r542 = x;
        double r543 = tan(r542);
        double r544 = tan(r539);
        double r545 = r543 + r544;
        double r546 = 1.0;
        double r547 = r543 * r544;
        double r548 = r546 + r547;
        double r549 = r545 * r548;
        double r550 = cos(r542);
        double r551 = r549 * r550;
        double r552 = r547 * r547;
        double r553 = r546 - r552;
        double r554 = sin(r542);
        double r555 = r553 * r554;
        double r556 = r551 - r555;
        double r557 = r553 * r550;
        double r558 = r556 / r557;
        double r559 = 1.047829285418837e-23;
        bool r560 = r539 <= r559;
        double r561 = r542 * r539;
        double r562 = r539 + r542;
        double r563 = r561 * r562;
        double r564 = r563 + r539;
        double r565 = r546 - r547;
        double r566 = r565 / r545;
        double r567 = r546 / r566;
        double r568 = r567 - r543;
        double r569 = r560 ? r564 : r568;
        double r570 = r541 ? r558 : r569;
        return r570;
}

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus eps

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original37.6
Target15.4
Herbie15.7
\[\frac{\sin \varepsilon}{\cos x \cdot \cos \left(x + \varepsilon\right)}\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 3 regimes

  2. if eps < -4.67846670432253e-32

    1. Initial program 31.0

      \[\tan \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \tan x\]
    2. Using strategy rm

    3. Applied tan-sum2.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}{1 - \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon}} - \tan x\]
    4. Using strategy rm

    5. Applied flip--2.8

      \[\leadsto \frac{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}{\color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot 1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)}{1 + \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon}}} - \tan x\]

    6. Applied associate-/r/2.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}{1 \cdot 1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)} - \tan x\]

    7. Simplified2.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}{1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)}} \cdot \left(1 + \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) - \tan x\]
    8. Using strategy rm

    9. Applied tan-quot2.9

      \[\leadsto \frac{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}{1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)} \cdot \left(1 + \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) - \color{blue}{\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}}\]

    10. Applied associate-*l/2.9

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\tan x + \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(1 + \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)}{1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)}} - \frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\]

    11. Applied frac-sub2.9

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\tan x + \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(1 + \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)\right) \cdot \cos x - \left(1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)\right) \cdot \sin x}{\left(1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)\right) \cdot \cos x}}\]

    if -4.67846670432253e-32 < eps < 1.047829285418837e-23

    1. Initial program 46.1

      \[\tan \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \tan x\]
    2. Using strategy rm

    3. Applied tan-sum46.1

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}{1 - \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon}} - \tan x\]

    4. Taylor expanded around 0 32.3

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot {\varepsilon}^{2} + \left(\varepsilon + {x}^{2} \cdot \varepsilon\right)}\]

    5. Simplified32.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(x \cdot \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\varepsilon + x\right) + \varepsilon}\]

    if 1.047829285418837e-23 < eps

    1. Initial program 30.1

      \[\tan \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \tan x\]
    2. Using strategy rm

    3. Applied tan-sum1.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}{1 - \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon}} - \tan x\]
    4. Using strategy rm

    5. Applied clear-num1.7

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{\frac{1 - \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon}{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}}} - \tan x\]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.

  4. Final simplification15.7

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -4.6784667043225302 \cdot 10^{-32}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(\left(\tan x + \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(1 + \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)\right) \cdot \cos x - \left(1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)\right) \cdot \sin x}{\left(1 - \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon\right)\right) \cdot \cos x}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\varepsilon \le 1.04782928541883701 \cdot 10^{-23}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(x \cdot \varepsilon\right) \cdot \left(\varepsilon + x\right) + \varepsilon\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{\frac{1 - \tan x \cdot \tan \varepsilon}{\tan x + \tan \varepsilon}} - \tan x\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2020025 
(FPCore (x eps)
  :name "2tan (problem 3.3.2)"
  :precision binary64

  :herbie-target
  (/ (sin eps) (* (cos x) (cos (+ x eps))))

  (- (tan (+ x eps)) (tan x)))