Average Error: 28.3 → 0.3
Time: 6.4s
Precision: 64
\[1.05367121277235087 \cdot 10^{-8} \lt a \lt 94906265.6242515594 \land 1.05367121277235087 \cdot 10^{-8} \lt b \lt 94906265.6242515594 \land 1.05367121277235087 \cdot 10^{-8} \lt c \lt 94906265.6242515594\]
\[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
↓
\[\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{a}}{-\left(b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(b, b, -\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)}\right)}\]
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}
↓
\frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{a}}{-\left(b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(b, b, -\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)}\right)}
double f(double a, double b, double c) {
        double r38285 = b;
        double r38286 = -r38285;
        double r38287 = r38285 * r38285;
        double r38288 = 4.0;
        double r38289 = a;
        double r38290 = r38288 * r38289;
        double r38291 = c;
        double r38292 = r38290 * r38291;
        double r38293 = r38287 - r38292;
        double r38294 = sqrt(r38293);
        double r38295 = r38286 + r38294;
        double r38296 = 2.0;
        double r38297 = r38296 * r38289;
        double r38298 = r38295 / r38297;
        return r38298;
}
↓
double f(double a, double b, double c) {
        double r38299 = 1.0;
        double r38300 = 2.0;
        double r38301 = r38299 / r38300;
        double r38302 = 4.0;
        double r38303 = a;
        double r38304 = c;
        double r38305 = r38303 * r38304;
        double r38306 = r38302 * r38305;
        double r38307 = r38306 / r38303;
        double r38308 = b;
        double r38309 = r38302 * r38303;
        double r38310 = r38309 * r38304;
        double r38311 = -r38310;
        double r38312 = fma(r38308, r38308, r38311);
        double r38313 = sqrt(r38312);
        double r38314 = r38308 + r38313;
        double r38315 = -r38314;
        double r38316 = r38307 / r38315;
        double r38317 = r38301 * r38316;
        return r38317;
}

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Derivation

  1. Initial program 28.3

    \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
  2. Using strategy rm

  3. Applied flip-+28.4

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) \cdot \left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c} \cdot \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}}{2 \cdot a}\]

  4. Simplified0.5

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
  5. Using strategy rm

  6. Applied add-cbrt-cube0.5

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{\color{blue}{\sqrt[3]{\left(\left(b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)\right) \cdot \left(b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)}}}}}{2 \cdot a}\]

  7. Simplified0.5

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{\sqrt[3]{\color{blue}{{\left(b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)}^{3}}}}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
  8. Using strategy rm

  9. Applied *-un-lft-identity0.5

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{\sqrt[3]{{\left(b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)}^{3}}}\right)}}}{2 \cdot a}\]

  10. Applied *-un-lft-identity0.5

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)\right)}}{1 \cdot \left(\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{\sqrt[3]{{\left(b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)}^{3}}}\right)}}{2 \cdot a}\]

  11. Applied times-frac0.5

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{1}{1} \cdot \frac{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{\sqrt[3]{{\left(b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)}^{3}}}}}}{2 \cdot a}\]

  12. Applied times-frac0.5

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{1}{1}}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{\sqrt[3]{{\left(b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)}^{3}}}}}{a}}\]

  13. Simplified0.5

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot \frac{\frac{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{\sqrt[3]{{\left(b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)}^{3}}}}}{a}\]

  14. Simplified0.4

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{a}}{-\left(b + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right)}}\]
  15. Using strategy rm

  16. Applied fma-neg0.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{a}}{-\left(b + \sqrt{\color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(b, b, -\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)}}\right)}\]

  17. Final simplification0.3

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{\frac{4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{a}}{-\left(b + \sqrt{\mathsf{fma}\left(b, b, -\left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c\right)}\right)}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2020025 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "Quadratic roots, narrow range"
  :precision binary64
  :pre (and (< 1.0536712127723509e-08 a 94906265.62425156) (< 1.0536712127723509e-08 b 94906265.62425156) (< 1.0536712127723509e-08 c 94906265.62425156))
  (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))