\[56789 \le a \le 98765 \land 0.0 \le b \le 1 \land 0.0 \le c \le 0.0016773000000000001 \land 0.0 \le d \le 0.0016773000000000001\]

\[a \cdot \left(\left(b + c\right) + d\right)\]

↓

\[\mathsf{fma}\left(d, a, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, a \cdot c\right)\right)\]

a \cdot \left(\left(b + c\right) + d\right)

↓

\mathsf{fma}\left(d, a, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, a \cdot c\right)\right)

double f(double a, double b, double c, double d) {
        double r101440 = a;
        double r101441 = b;
        double r101442 = c;
        double r101443 = r101441 + r101442;
        double r101444 = d;
        double r101445 = r101443 + r101444;
        double r101446 = r101440 * r101445;
        return r101446;
}

↓

double f(double a, double b, double c, double d) {
        double r101447 = d;
        double r101448 = a;
        double r101449 = b;
        double r101450 = c;
        double r101451 = r101448 * r101450;
        double r101452 = fma(r101448, r101449, r101451);
        double r101453 = fma(r101447, r101448, r101452);
        return r101453;
}

Error

The X axis uses an exponential scale — Bits error versus `a`

Original	0.0
Target	0.0
Herbie	0.0

Derivation

Initial program 0.0
\[a \cdot \left(\left(b + c\right) + d\right)\]
Taylor expanded around inf 0.0
\[\leadsto \color{blue}{d \cdot a + \left(a \cdot b + a \cdot c\right)}\]
Simplified0.0
\[\leadsto \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(d, a, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, a \cdot c\right)\right)}\]
Final simplification0.0
\[\leadsto \mathsf{fma}\left(d, a, \mathsf{fma}\left(a, b, a \cdot c\right)\right)\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2020024 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b c d)
  :name "Expression, p14"
  :precision binary64
  :pre (and (<= 56789 a 98765) (<= 0.0 b 1) (<= 0.0 c 0.0016773) (<= 0.0 d 0.0016773))

  :herbie-target
  (+ (* a b) (* a (+ c d)))

  (* a (+ (+ b c) d)))

Error

Target

Derivation

Reproduce