Average Error: 34.0 → 9.3
Time: 7.5s
Precision: 64
\[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \le -8.5069461462218695 \cdot 10^{125}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot \left(\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 2.2742398392973687 \cdot 10^{-86}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 9.16799708835065593 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array}\]
\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;b \le -8.5069461462218695 \cdot 10^{125}:\\
\;\;\;\;1 \cdot \left(\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\right)\\

\mathbf{elif}\;b \le 2.2742398392973687 \cdot 10^{-86}:\\
\;\;\;\;\left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2 \cdot a}\\

\mathbf{elif}\;b \le 9.16799708835065593 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}{2 \cdot a}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}\\

\end{array}
double f(double a, double b, double c) {
        double r77083 = b;
        double r77084 = -r77083;
        double r77085 = r77083 * r77083;
        double r77086 = 4.0;
        double r77087 = a;
        double r77088 = r77086 * r77087;
        double r77089 = c;
        double r77090 = r77088 * r77089;
        double r77091 = r77085 - r77090;
        double r77092 = sqrt(r77091);
        double r77093 = r77084 + r77092;
        double r77094 = 2.0;
        double r77095 = r77094 * r77087;
        double r77096 = r77093 / r77095;
        return r77096;
}

double f(double a, double b, double c) {
        double r77097 = b;
        double r77098 = -8.50694614622187e+125;
        bool r77099 = r77097 <= r77098;
        double r77100 = 1.0;
        double r77101 = c;
        double r77102 = r77101 / r77097;
        double r77103 = a;
        double r77104 = r77097 / r77103;
        double r77105 = r77102 - r77104;
        double r77106 = r77100 * r77105;
        double r77107 = 2.2742398392973687e-86;
        bool r77108 = r77097 <= r77107;
        double r77109 = -r77097;
        double r77110 = r77097 * r77097;
        double r77111 = 4.0;
        double r77112 = r77111 * r77103;
        double r77113 = r77112 * r77101;
        double r77114 = r77110 - r77113;
        double r77115 = sqrt(r77114);
        double r77116 = r77109 + r77115;
        double r77117 = 1.0;
        double r77118 = 2.0;
        double r77119 = r77118 * r77103;
        double r77120 = r77117 / r77119;
        double r77121 = r77116 * r77120;
        double r77122 = 9.167997088350656e-07;
        bool r77123 = r77097 <= r77122;
        double r77124 = 0.0;
        double r77125 = r77103 * r77101;
        double r77126 = r77111 * r77125;
        double r77127 = r77124 + r77126;
        double r77128 = r77109 - r77115;
        double r77129 = r77127 / r77128;
        double r77130 = r77129 / r77119;
        double r77131 = -1.0;
        double r77132 = r77131 * r77102;
        double r77133 = r77123 ? r77130 : r77132;
        double r77134 = r77108 ? r77121 : r77133;
        double r77135 = r77099 ? r77106 : r77134;
        return r77135;
}

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original34.0
Target20.6
Herbie9.3
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \lt 0.0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{c}{a \cdot \frac{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}}\\ \end{array}\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 4 regimes
  2. if b < -8.50694614622187e+125

    1. Initial program 53.3

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Taylor expanded around -inf 2.7

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \frac{c}{b} - 1 \cdot \frac{b}{a}}\]
    3. Simplified2.7

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\right)}\]

    if -8.50694614622187e+125 < b < 2.2742398392973687e-86

    1. Initial program 12.3

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied div-inv12.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2 \cdot a}}\]

    if 2.2742398392973687e-86 < b < 9.167997088350656e-07

    1. Initial program 38.3

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied flip-+38.3

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(-b\right) \cdot \left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c} \cdot \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    4. Simplified18.8

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}{2 \cdot a}\]

    if 9.167997088350656e-07 < b

    1. Initial program 55.8

      \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
    2. Taylor expanded around inf 5.7

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}}\]
  3. Recombined 4 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification9.3

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;b \le -8.5069461462218695 \cdot 10^{125}:\\ \;\;\;\;1 \cdot \left(\frac{c}{b} - \frac{b}{a}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 2.2742398392973687 \cdot 10^{-86}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}\right) \cdot \frac{1}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;b \le 9.16799708835065593 \cdot 10^{-7}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{0 + 4 \cdot \left(a \cdot c\right)}{\left(-b\right) - \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}}{2 \cdot a}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;-1 \cdot \frac{c}{b}\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2020003 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "The quadratic formula (r1)"
  :precision binary64

  :herbie-target
  (if (< b 0.0) (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)) (/ c (* a (/ (- (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))))

  (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))