math.cos on complex, imaginary part

Average Error: 43.3 → 0.8

Time: 30.1s

Precision: 64

Math

\[\left(0.5 \cdot \sin re\right) \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right)\]

↓

\[-\mathsf{fma}\left({im}^{5}, \sin re \cdot 0.008333333333333333217685101601546193705872, \sin re \cdot \left({im}^{3} \cdot 0.1666666666666666574148081281236954964697 + im \cdot 1\right)\right)\]

C

double f(double re, double im) {
        double r145772 = 0.5;
        double r145773 = re;
        double r145774 = sin(r145773);
        double r145775 = r145772 * r145774;
        double r145776 = im;
        double r145777 = -r145776;
        double r145778 = exp(r145777);
        double r145779 = exp(r145776);
        double r145780 = r145778 - r145779;
        double r145781 = r145775 * r145780;
        return r145781;
}

↓

double f(double re, double im) {
        double r145782 = im;
        double r145783 = 5.0;
        double r145784 = pow(r145782, r145783);
        double r145785 = re;
        double r145786 = sin(r145785);
        double r145787 = 0.008333333333333333;
        double r145788 = r145786 * r145787;
        double r145789 = 3.0;
        double r145790 = pow(r145782, r145789);
        double r145791 = 0.16666666666666666;
        double r145792 = r145790 * r145791;
        double r145793 = 1.0;
        double r145794 = r145782 * r145793;
        double r145795 = r145792 + r145794;
        double r145796 = r145786 * r145795;
        double r145797 = fma(r145784, r145788, r145796);
        double r145798 = -r145797;
        return r145798;
}

Error

Bits error versus re

Bits error versus im

Target

Original	43.3
Target	0.2
Herbie	0.8

\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left|im\right| \lt 1:\\ \;\;\;\;-\sin re \cdot \left(\left(im + \left(\left(0.1666666666666666574148081281236954964697 \cdot im\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot im\right) + \left(\left(\left(\left(0.008333333333333333217685101601546193705872 \cdot im\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot im\right) \cdot im\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(0.5 \cdot \sin re\right) \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Derivation

1. Initial program 43.3

   \[\left(0.5 \cdot \sin re\right) \cdot \left(e^{-im} - e^{im}\right)\]

2. Taylor expanded around 0 0.8

   \[\leadsto \left(0.5 \cdot \sin re\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(-\left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot {im}^{3} + \left(\frac{1}{60} \cdot {im}^{5} + 2 \cdot im\right)\right)\right)}\]

3. Simplified 0.8

   \[\leadsto \left(0.5 \cdot \sin re\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\mathsf{fma}\left(\frac{-1}{3}, {im}^{3}, \mathsf{fma}\left(im, -2, {im}^{5} \cdot \frac{-1}{60}\right)\right)}\]

4. Taylor expanded around inf 0.8

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\left(0.1666666666666666574148081281236954964697 \cdot \left(\sin re \cdot {im}^{3}\right) + \left(1 \cdot \left(\sin re \cdot im\right) + 0.008333333333333333217685101601546193705872 \cdot \left(\sin re \cdot {im}^{5}\right)\right)\right)}\]

5. Simplified 0.8

   \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-\mathsf{fma}\left({im}^{5}, \sin re \cdot 0.008333333333333333217685101601546193705872, \sin re \cdot \left({im}^{3} \cdot 0.1666666666666666574148081281236954964697 + im \cdot 1\right)\right)}\]

6. Final simplification 0.8

   \[\leadsto -\mathsf{fma}\left({im}^{5}, \sin re \cdot 0.008333333333333333217685101601546193705872, \sin re \cdot \left({im}^{3} \cdot 0.1666666666666666574148081281236954964697 + im \cdot 1\right)\right)\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019325 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (re im)
  :name "math.cos on complex, imaginary part"
  :precision binary64

  :herbie-target
  (if (< (fabs im) 1) (- (* (sin re) (+ (+ im (* (* (* 0.16666666666666666 im) im) im)) (* (* (* (* (* 0.008333333333333333 im) im) im) im) im)))) (* (* 0.5 (sin re)) (- (exp (- im)) (exp im))))

  (* (* 0.5 (sin re)) (- (exp (- im)) (exp im))))