Average Error: 40.6 → 0.3
Time: 22.4s
Precision: 64
\[\frac{e^{x} - 1}{x}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \le -9.8136436745457 \cdot 10^{-05}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-1 + e^{3 \cdot x}}{e^{x} \cdot \left(e^{x} + 1\right) + 1}}{x}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot \frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{2}\right) + 1\\ \end{array}\]
\frac{e^{x} - 1}{x}
\begin{array}{l}
\mathbf{if}\;x \le -9.8136436745457 \cdot 10^{-05}:\\
\;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-1 + e^{3 \cdot x}}{e^{x} \cdot \left(e^{x} + 1\right) + 1}}{x}\\

\mathbf{else}:\\
\;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot \frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{2}\right) + 1\\

\end{array}
double f(double x) {
        double r7061022 = x;
        double r7061023 = exp(r7061022);
        double r7061024 = 1.0;
        double r7061025 = r7061023 - r7061024;
        double r7061026 = r7061025 / r7061022;
        return r7061026;
}

double f(double x) {
        double r7061027 = x;
        double r7061028 = -9.8136436745457e-05;
        bool r7061029 = r7061027 <= r7061028;
        double r7061030 = -1.0;
        double r7061031 = 3.0;
        double r7061032 = r7061031 * r7061027;
        double r7061033 = exp(r7061032);
        double r7061034 = r7061030 + r7061033;
        double r7061035 = exp(r7061027);
        double r7061036 = 1.0;
        double r7061037 = r7061035 + r7061036;
        double r7061038 = r7061035 * r7061037;
        double r7061039 = r7061038 + r7061036;
        double r7061040 = r7061034 / r7061039;
        double r7061041 = r7061040 / r7061027;
        double r7061042 = 0.16666666666666666;
        double r7061043 = r7061027 * r7061042;
        double r7061044 = 0.5;
        double r7061045 = r7061043 + r7061044;
        double r7061046 = r7061027 * r7061045;
        double r7061047 = r7061046 + r7061036;
        double r7061048 = r7061029 ? r7061041 : r7061047;
        return r7061048;
}

Error

Bits error versus x

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original40.6
Target39.7
Herbie0.3
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \lt 1 \land x \gt -1:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{e^{x} - 1}{\log \left(e^{x}\right)}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{e^{x} - 1}{x}\\ \end{array}\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < -9.8136436745457e-05

    1. Initial program 0.1

      \[\frac{e^{x} - 1}{x}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied flip3--0.1

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{{\left(e^{x}\right)}^{3} - {1}^{3}}{e^{x} \cdot e^{x} + \left(1 \cdot 1 + e^{x} \cdot 1\right)}}}{x}\]
    4. Simplified0.1

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{\color{blue}{-1 + e^{3 \cdot x}}}{e^{x} \cdot e^{x} + \left(1 \cdot 1 + e^{x} \cdot 1\right)}}{x}\]
    5. Simplified0.1

      \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{-1 + e^{3 \cdot x}}{\color{blue}{\left(e^{x} + 1\right) \cdot e^{x} + 1}}}{x}\]

    if -9.8136436745457e-05 < x

    1. Initial program 60.1

      \[\frac{e^{x} - 1}{x}\]
    2. Taylor expanded around 0 0.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot x + \left(\frac{1}{6} \cdot {x}^{2} + 1\right)}\]
    3. Simplified0.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 + x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{6} \cdot x\right)}\]
    4. Using strategy rm
    5. Applied +-commutative0.4

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{6} \cdot x\right) + 1}\]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification0.3

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \le -9.8136436745457 \cdot 10^{-05}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{-1 + e^{3 \cdot x}}{e^{x} \cdot \left(e^{x} + 1\right) + 1}}{x}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;x \cdot \left(x \cdot \frac{1}{6} + \frac{1}{2}\right) + 1\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019158 
(FPCore (x)
  :name "Kahan's exp quotient"

  :herbie-target
  (if (and (< x 1) (> x -1)) (/ (- (exp x) 1) (log (exp x))) (/ (- (exp x) 1) x))

  (/ (- (exp x) 1) x))