Average Error: 39.9 → 0.4
Time: 16.6s
Precision: 64
\[\frac{e^{x}}{e^{x} - 1}\]
↓
\[\frac{e^{x}}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(x\right)}\]
\frac{e^{x}}{e^{x} - 1}
↓
\frac{e^{x}}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(x\right)}
double f(double x) {
        double r2736106 = x;
        double r2736107 = exp(r2736106);
        double r2736108 = 1.0;
        double r2736109 = r2736107 - r2736108;
        double r2736110 = r2736107 / r2736109;
        return r2736110;
}
↓
double f(double x) {
        double r2736111 = x;
        double r2736112 = exp(r2736111);
        double r2736113 = expm1(r2736111);
        double r2736114 = r2736112 / r2736113;
        return r2736114;
}

Error

Bits error versus x

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Results

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Target

Original39.9
Target39.6
Herbie0.4
\[\frac{1}{1 - e^{-x}}\]

Derivation

  1. Initial program 39.9

    \[\frac{e^{x}}{e^{x} - 1}\]
  2. Using strategy rm

  3. Applied expm1-log1p-u39.9

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{x}}{\color{blue}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\mathsf{log1p}\left(e^{x} - 1\right)\right)}}\]

  4. Simplified0.4

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{x}}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(\color{blue}{x}\right)}\]

  5. Final simplification0.4

    \[\leadsto \frac{e^{x}}{\mathsf{expm1}\left(x\right)}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019138 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (x)
  :name "expq2 (section 3.11)"

  :herbie-target
  (/ 1 (- 1 (exp (- x))))

  (/ (exp x) (- (exp x) 1)))