Average Error: 14.6 → 0.0
Time: 9.3s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{x}{x \cdot x + 1}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \le -50863695362470.164:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{x} + \left(\frac{1}{{x}^{5}} - \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{x}}{x}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \le 428.8199870746682:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) - 1} \cdot \left(x \cdot x - 1\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{x} + \left(\frac{1}{{x}^{5}} - \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{x}}{x}\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Target

Original14.6
Target0.1
Herbie0.0
\[\frac{1}{x + \frac{1}{x}}\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if x < -50863695362470.164 or 428.8199870746682 < x

    1. Initial program 30.6

      \[\frac{x}{x \cdot x + 1}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied flip-+48.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{x}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) - 1 \cdot 1}{x \cdot x - 1}}}\]
    4. Applied associate-/r/48.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) - 1 \cdot 1} \cdot \left(x \cdot x - 1\right)}\]
    5. Taylor expanded around -inf 0.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{x}^{5}} + \frac{1}{x}\right) - \frac{1}{{x}^{3}}}\]
    6. Simplified0.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{{x}^{5}} - \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{x}}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x}}\]

    if -50863695362470.164 < x < 428.8199870746682

    1. Initial program 0.0

      \[\frac{x}{x \cdot x + 1}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied flip-+0.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{x}{\color{blue}{\frac{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) - 1 \cdot 1}{x \cdot x - 1}}}\]
    4. Applied associate-/r/0.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{x}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) - 1 \cdot 1} \cdot \left(x \cdot x - 1\right)}\]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification0.0

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;x \le -50863695362470.164:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{x} + \left(\frac{1}{{x}^{5}} - \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{x}}{x}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;x \le 428.8199870746682:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{x}{\left(x \cdot x\right) \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) - 1} \cdot \left(x \cdot x - 1\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{x} + \left(\frac{1}{{x}^{5}} - \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{x}}{x}\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019093 
(FPCore (x)
  :name "x / (x^2 + 1)"

  :herbie-target
  (/ 1 (+ x (/ 1 x)))

  (/ x (+ (* x x) 1)))