Average Error: 25.6 → 13.5
Time: 5.6m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;h \le 5.158864624532383 \cdot 10^{-251}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot \left(\frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot h\right)\right)}{\ell}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}} \cdot \left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|\right) + \left({\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;h \le 3.3229519572709604 \cdot 10^{-90}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 - \frac{h}{\ell} \cdot \left({\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{d \cdot 2}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left({\left(\frac{\sqrt{d}}{\sqrt{h}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt{d}}{\sqrt{h}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left({\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}\right) + \left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot \left(\frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot M\right)\right)}{\ell \cdot \frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}} \cdot \left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus d

Bits error versus h

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus M

Bits error versus D

Derivation

  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if h < 5.158864624532383e-251

    1. Initial program 26.7

      \[\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied add-cube-cbrt27.0

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    4. Applied add-cube-cbrt27.1

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{d} \cdot \sqrt[3]{d}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{d}}}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    5. Applied times-frac27.1

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d} \cdot \sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    6. Applied unpow-prod-down23.1

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d} \cdot \sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    7. Simplified22.8

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|} \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    8. Using strategy rm
    9. Applied add-cube-cbrt22.9

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    10. Applied *-un-lft-identity22.9

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot d}}{\left(\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    11. Applied times-frac22.9

      \[\leadsto \left({\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}} \cdot \frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    12. Applied unpow-prod-down16.9

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    13. Simplified16.9

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    14. Using strategy rm
    15. Applied sub-neg16.9

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\right)}\]
    16. Applied distribute-rgt-in16.9

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + \left(-\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right)}\]
    17. Simplified14.7

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}} \cdot \left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot \left(\frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot \frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}}\right)\right)}{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right)\right)}\]
    18. Using strategy rm
    19. Applied associate-*r*12.8

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}} \cdot \left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\left(h \cdot \frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}}\right) \cdot \frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}}\right)}}{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right)\right)\]

    if 5.158864624532383e-251 < h < 3.3229519572709604e-90

    1. Initial program 28.4

      \[\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied add-cube-cbrt28.6

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    4. Applied add-cube-cbrt28.7

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{d} \cdot \sqrt[3]{d}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{d}}}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    5. Applied times-frac28.7

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d} \cdot \sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    6. Applied unpow-prod-down24.2

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d} \cdot \sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    7. Simplified23.3

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|} \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    8. Using strategy rm
    9. Applied add-sqr-sqrt23.3

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{h} \cdot \sqrt{h}}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    10. Applied add-sqr-sqrt23.4

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\sqrt{d} \cdot \sqrt{d}}}{\sqrt{h} \cdot \sqrt{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    11. Applied times-frac23.4

      \[\leadsto \left({\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt{d}}{\sqrt{h}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt{d}}{\sqrt{h}}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    12. Applied unpow-prod-down11.6

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{\sqrt{d}}{\sqrt{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt{d}}{\sqrt{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]

    if 3.3229519572709604e-90 < h

    1. Initial program 22.7

      \[\left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\ell}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied add-cube-cbrt23.0

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    4. Applied add-cube-cbrt23.1

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{d} \cdot \sqrt[3]{d}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{d}}}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    5. Applied times-frac23.1

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d} \cdot \sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    6. Applied unpow-prod-down19.4

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d} \cdot \sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    7. Simplified19.4

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{h}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|} \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    8. Using strategy rm
    9. Applied add-cube-cbrt19.5

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{d}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    10. Applied *-un-lft-identity19.5

      \[\leadsto \left({\left(\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot d}}{\left(\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    11. Applied times-frac19.5

      \[\leadsto \left({\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}} \cdot \frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    12. Applied unpow-prod-down17.8

      \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)} \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    13. Simplified17.8

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\]
    14. Using strategy rm
    15. Applied sub-neg17.8

      \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(1 + \left(-\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right)\right)}\]
    16. Applied distribute-rgt-in17.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{1 \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + \left(-\left(\frac{1}{2} \cdot {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right)}\]
    17. Simplified14.1

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + \color{blue}{\left(\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}} \cdot \left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot \left(\frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot \frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}}\right)\right)}{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right)\right)}\]
    18. Using strategy rm
    19. Applied associate-*r/15.0

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}} \cdot \left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}}}\right)}{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right)\right)\]
    20. Applied associate-*r/15.6

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}} \cdot \left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{h \cdot \left(\frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot M\right)}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}}}}{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right)\right)\]
    21. Applied associate-*r/15.6

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}} \cdot \left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot \left(\frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot \left(\frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot M\right)\right)}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}}}}{\ell} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right)\right)\]
    22. Applied associate-/l/15.3

      \[\leadsto 1 \cdot \left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot {\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}\right)\right) + \left(\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}} \cdot \left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot \left(\frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot M\right)\right)}{\ell \cdot \frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right)\right)\]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification13.5

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;h \le 5.158864624532383 \cdot 10^{-251}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\left(\sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot \frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(\frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot \left(\frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot h\right)\right)}{\ell}\right) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}}\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}} \cdot \left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|\right) + \left({\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\\ \mathbf{elif}\;h \le 3.3229519572709604 \cdot 10^{-90}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left(1 - \frac{h}{\ell} \cdot \left({\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{d \cdot 2}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{1}{2}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\left({\left(\frac{\sqrt{d}}{\sqrt{h}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt{d}}{\sqrt{h}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}\right)\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\left({\left(\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right) \cdot \left(\left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right| \cdot {\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}\right) + \left(\sqrt{\frac{d}{\sqrt[3]{h}}} \cdot \left(\frac{\frac{-1}{2} \cdot \left(h \cdot \left(\frac{M}{\frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot M\right)\right)}{\ell \cdot \frac{2}{\frac{D}{d}}} \cdot \sqrt{\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{h} \cdot \sqrt[3]{h}}}\right)\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}} \cdot \left|\frac{\sqrt[3]{d}}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right|\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019091 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (d h l M D)
  :name "Henrywood and Agarwal, Equation (12)"
  (* (* (pow (/ d h) (/ 1 2)) (pow (/ d l) (/ 1 2))) (- 1 (* (* (/ 1 2) (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2)) (/ h l)))))