Average Error: 14.0 → 8.3
Time: 3.4m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}}\]
\[\sqrt{1 - \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right) \cdot h\right)\right)} \cdot w0\]

Error

Bits error versus w0

Bits error versus M

Bits error versus D

Bits error versus h

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus d

Derivation

  1. Initial program 14.0

    \[w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}}\]
  2. Simplified12.6

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{1 - \left(\frac{h}{\ell} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right) \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}} \cdot w0}\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied add-cube-cbrt12.7

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{1 - \left(\frac{h}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}}} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right) \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}} \cdot w0\]
  5. Applied *-un-lft-identity12.7

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{1 - \left(\frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot h}}{\left(\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right) \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}} \cdot w0\]
  6. Applied times-frac12.7

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{1 - \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}} \cdot \frac{h}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right) \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}} \cdot w0\]
  7. Applied associate-*l*9.5

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}} \cdot \left(\frac{h}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}} \cdot w0\]
  8. Using strategy rm
  9. Applied div-inv9.5

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{1 - \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}} \cdot \left(\color{blue}{\left(h \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right)} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)\right) \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}} \cdot w0\]
  10. Applied associate-*l*8.3

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{1 - \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(h \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)\right)}\right) \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}} \cdot w0\]
  11. Final simplification8.3

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{1 - \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\ell} \cdot \sqrt[3]{\ell}} \cdot \left(\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{\ell}}\right) \cdot h\right)\right)} \cdot w0\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019091 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (w0 M D h l d)
  :name "Henrywood and Agarwal, Equation (9a)"
  (* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))))