Average Error: 58.1 → 0.7
Time: 18.5s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{e^{x} - e^{-x}}{2}\]
\[\frac{(\frac{1}{60} \cdot \left({x}^{5}\right) + \left(x \cdot (\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) + 2)_*\right))_*}{2}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Derivation

  1. Initial program 58.1

    \[\frac{e^{x} - e^{-x}}{2}\]
  2. Taylor expanded around 0 0.7

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2 \cdot x + \left(\frac{1}{3} \cdot {x}^{3} + \frac{1}{60} \cdot {x}^{5}\right)}}{2}\]
  3. Simplified0.7

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{(\frac{1}{60} \cdot \left({x}^{5}\right) + \left(x \cdot (\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) + 2)_*\right))_*}}{2}\]
  4. Final simplification0.7

    \[\leadsto \frac{(\frac{1}{60} \cdot \left({x}^{5}\right) + \left(x \cdot (\frac{1}{3} \cdot \left(x \cdot x\right) + 2)_*\right))_*}{2}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019091 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (x)
  :name "Hyperbolic sine"
  (/ (- (exp x) (exp (- x))) 2))