Average Error: 0.4 → 0.0
Time: 41.5s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\left(\left(\left(e + d\right) + c\right) + b\right) + a\]
\[\log \left(e^{\log \left(e^{e} \cdot \left(e^{d} \cdot \left(e^{b} \cdot \left(e^{c} \cdot e^{a}\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right)\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Bits error versus d

Bits error versus e

Target

Original0.4
Target0.2
Herbie0.0
\[\left(d + \left(c + \left(a + b\right)\right)\right) + e\]

Derivation

  1. Initial program 0.4

    \[\left(\left(\left(e + d\right) + c\right) + b\right) + a\]
  2. Using strategy rm
  3. Applied add-log-exp0.4

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(e + d\right) + c\right) + b\right) + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{a}\right)}\]
  4. Applied add-log-exp0.4

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(e + d\right) + c\right) + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{b}\right)}\right) + \log \left(e^{a}\right)\]
  5. Applied add-log-exp0.4

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\left(e + d\right) + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{c}\right)}\right) + \log \left(e^{b}\right)\right) + \log \left(e^{a}\right)\]
  6. Applied add-log-exp0.4

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{e + d}\right)} + \log \left(e^{c}\right)\right) + \log \left(e^{b}\right)\right) + \log \left(e^{a}\right)\]
  7. Applied sum-log0.4

    \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{e + d} \cdot e^{c}\right)} + \log \left(e^{b}\right)\right) + \log \left(e^{a}\right)\]
  8. Applied sum-log0.3

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(e^{e + d} \cdot e^{c}\right) \cdot e^{b}\right)} + \log \left(e^{a}\right)\]
  9. Applied sum-log0.2

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\log \left(\left(\left(e^{e + d} \cdot e^{c}\right) \cdot e^{b}\right) \cdot e^{a}\right)}\]
  10. Simplified0.3

    \[\leadsto \log \color{blue}{\left(e^{\left(d + e\right) + \left(\left(c + a\right) + b\right)}\right)}\]
  11. Using strategy rm
  12. Applied add-log-exp0.3

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\left(d + e\right) + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{\left(c + a\right) + b}\right)}}\right)\]
  13. Applied add-log-exp0.3

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{d + e}\right)} + \log \left(e^{\left(c + a\right) + b}\right)}\right)\]
  14. Applied sum-log0.3

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{d + e} \cdot e^{\left(c + a\right) + b}\right)}}\right)\]
  15. Simplified0.2

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\log \color{blue}{\left(e^{e + \left(d + \left(b + \left(a + c\right)\right)\right)}\right)}}\right)\]
  16. Using strategy rm
  17. Applied add-log-exp0.2

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\log \left(e^{e + \left(d + \left(b + \left(a + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{c}\right)}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}\right)\]
  18. Applied add-log-exp0.2

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\log \left(e^{e + \left(d + \left(b + \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{a}\right)} + \log \left(e^{c}\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right)}\right)\]
  19. Applied sum-log0.2

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\log \left(e^{e + \left(d + \left(b + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{a} \cdot e^{c}\right)}\right)\right)}\right)}\right)\]
  20. Applied add-log-exp0.2

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\log \left(e^{e + \left(d + \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{b}\right)} + \log \left(e^{a} \cdot e^{c}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}\right)\]
  21. Applied sum-log0.2

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\log \left(e^{e + \left(d + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{b} \cdot \left(e^{a} \cdot e^{c}\right)\right)}\right)}\right)}\right)\]
  22. Applied add-log-exp0.2

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\log \left(e^{e + \left(\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{d}\right)} + \log \left(e^{b} \cdot \left(e^{a} \cdot e^{c}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}\right)\]
  23. Applied sum-log0.2

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\log \left(e^{e + \color{blue}{\log \left(e^{d} \cdot \left(e^{b} \cdot \left(e^{a} \cdot e^{c}\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}\right)\]
  24. Applied add-log-exp0.2

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\log \left(e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{e}\right)} + \log \left(e^{d} \cdot \left(e^{b} \cdot \left(e^{a} \cdot e^{c}\right)\right)\right)}\right)}\right)\]
  25. Applied sum-log0.0

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\log \left(e^{\color{blue}{\log \left(e^{e} \cdot \left(e^{d} \cdot \left(e^{b} \cdot \left(e^{a} \cdot e^{c}\right)\right)\right)\right)}}\right)}\right)\]
  26. Applied rem-exp-log0.0

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\log \color{blue}{\left(e^{e} \cdot \left(e^{d} \cdot \left(e^{b} \cdot \left(e^{a} \cdot e^{c}\right)\right)\right)\right)}}\right)\]
  27. Final simplification0.0

    \[\leadsto \log \left(e^{\log \left(e^{e} \cdot \left(e^{d} \cdot \left(e^{b} \cdot \left(e^{c} \cdot e^{a}\right)\right)\right)\right)}\right)\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019090 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b c d e)
  :name "Expression 1, p15"
  :pre (<= 1 a 2 b 4 c 8 d 16 e 32)

  :herbie-target
  (+ (+ d (+ c (+ a b))) e)

  (+ (+ (+ (+ e d) c) b) a))