Average Error: 12.0 → 8.4
Time: 1.4m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\left(\sin kx\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin ky\right)}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th\]
\[\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}{\sin ky}}\]

Error

Bits error versus kx

Bits error versus ky

Bits error versus th

Derivation

  1. Initial program 12.0

    \[\frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{{\left(\sin kx\right)}^{2} + {\left(\sin ky\right)}^{2}}} \cdot \sin th\]
  2. Simplified8.4

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied add-sqr-sqrt8.7

    \[\leadsto \sin th \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\color{blue}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}}\]
  5. Applied *-un-lft-identity8.7

    \[\leadsto \sin th \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{1 \cdot \sin ky}}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\]
  6. Applied times-frac8.7

    \[\leadsto \sin th \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}} \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right)}\]
  7. Applied associate-*r*8.7

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin th \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right) \cdot \frac{\sin ky}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}}\]
  8. Using strategy rm
  9. Applied div-inv8.8

    \[\leadsto \left(\sin th \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\sin ky \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right)}\]
  10. Applied associate-*r*9.8

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\left(\sin th \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right) \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}}\]
  11. Using strategy rm
  12. Applied pow19.8

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sin th \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right) \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right)}^{1}}\]
  13. Applied pow19.8

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sin th \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right) \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\sin ky\right)}^{1}}\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right)}^{1}\]
  14. Applied pow19.8

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\sin th \cdot \color{blue}{{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right)}^{1}}\right) \cdot {\left(\sin ky\right)}^{1}\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right)}^{1}\]
  15. Applied pow19.8

    \[\leadsto \left(\left(\color{blue}{{\left(\sin th\right)}^{1}} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right)}^{1}\right) \cdot {\left(\sin ky\right)}^{1}\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right)}^{1}\]
  16. Applied pow-prod-down9.8

    \[\leadsto \left(\color{blue}{{\left(\sin th \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right)}^{1}} \cdot {\left(\sin ky\right)}^{1}\right) \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right)}^{1}\]
  17. Applied pow-prod-down9.8

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(\sin th \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right) \cdot \sin ky\right)}^{1}} \cdot {\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right)}^{1}\]
  18. Applied pow-prod-down9.8

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{{\left(\left(\left(\sin th \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right) \cdot \sin ky\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}}\right)}^{1}}\]
  19. Simplified8.4

    \[\leadsto {\color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}{\sin ky}}\right)}}^{1}\]
  20. Final simplification8.4

    \[\leadsto \frac{\sin th}{\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sin kx\right)^2 + \left(\sin ky\right)^2}^*}{\sin ky}}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019089 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (kx ky th)
  :name "Toniolo and Linder, Equation (3b), real"
  (* (/ (sin ky) (sqrt (+ (pow (sin kx) 2) (pow (sin ky) 2)))) (sin th)))