Average Error: 0.6 → 1.0
Time: 12.5s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 320
\[\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{1}{x}\]
\[\frac{\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} + \frac{1}{x}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{1}{x}\right)}{\frac{1}{x + 1} + \frac{1}{x}}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Derivation

  1. Initial program 0.6

    \[\left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{\left(\frac{x}{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}\right)}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{x}\right)\]
  2. Using strategy rm
  3. Applied p16-flip--1.3

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\left(\left(\left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{\left(\frac{x}{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{\left(\frac{x}{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}\right)}\right)\right) - \left(\left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{x}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{x}\right)\right)\right)}{\left(\frac{\left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{\left(\frac{x}{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{x}\right)}\right)}}\]
  4. Using strategy rm
  5. Applied difference-of-squares1.0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\left(\frac{\left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{\left(\frac{x}{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{x}\right)}\right) \cdot \left(\left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{\left(\frac{x}{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}\right)}\right) - \left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{x}\right)\right)\right)}}{\left(\frac{\left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{\left(\frac{x}{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}\right)}\right)}{\left(\frac{\left(real->posit(1)\right)}{x}\right)}\right)}\]
  6. Final simplification1.0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} + \frac{1}{x}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{1}{x}\right)}{\frac{1}{x + 1} + \frac{1}{x}}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019053 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (x)
  :name "2frac (problem 3.3.1)"
  (-.p16 (/.p16 (real->posit16 1) (+.p16 x (real->posit16 1))) (/.p16 (real->posit16 1) x)))