Average Error: 33.8 → 28.0
Time: 3.7m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om} \cdot 2\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right) \le 0.0:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot \left(\left(t - \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}} \cdot 2\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om} \cdot 2\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right) \le 2.356509511520617 \cdot 10^{+295}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}} \cdot 2\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}} \cdot 2\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U} \cdot \sqrt{\left(t - \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}} \cdot 2\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)}\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus n

Bits error versus U

Bits error versus t

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus Om

Bits error versus U*

Derivation

  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (* (* (* 2 n) U) (- (- t (* 2 (/ (* l l) Om))) (* (* n (pow (/ l Om) 2)) (- U U*)))) < 0.0

    1. Initial program 57.4

      \[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied associate-/l*55.8

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    4. Using strategy rm
    5. Applied associate-*l*41.6

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}}\]

    if 0.0 < (* (* (* 2 n) U) (- (- t (* 2 (/ (* l l) Om))) (* (* n (pow (/ l Om) 2)) (- U U*)))) < 2.356509511520617e+295

    1. Initial program 1.8

      \[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied associate-/l*1.8

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    4. Using strategy rm
    5. Applied add-sqr-sqrt2.2

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}}}\]

    if 2.356509511520617e+295 < (* (* (* 2 n) U) (- (- t (* 2 (/ (* l l) Om))) (* (* n (pow (/ l Om) 2)) (- U U*))))

    1. Initial program 59.8

      \[\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied associate-/l*53.3

      \[\leadsto \sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}\]
    4. Using strategy rm
    5. Applied sqrt-prod51.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U} \cdot \sqrt{\left(t - 2 \cdot \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}}\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)}}\]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification28.0

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om} \cdot 2\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right) \le 0.0:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot \left(U \cdot \left(\left(t - \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}} \cdot 2\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)\right)}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - \frac{\ell \cdot \ell}{Om} \cdot 2\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right) \le 2.356509511520617 \cdot 10^{+295}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}} \cdot 2\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}} \cdot \sqrt{\sqrt{\left(\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U\right) \cdot \left(\left(t - \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}} \cdot 2\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)\right)}}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\sqrt{\left(2 \cdot n\right) \cdot U} \cdot \sqrt{\left(t - \frac{\ell}{\frac{Om}{\ell}} \cdot 2\right) - \left(n \cdot {\left(\frac{\ell}{Om}\right)}^{2}\right) \cdot \left(U - U*\right)}\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019053 
(FPCore (n U t l Om U*)
  :name "Toniolo and Linder, Equation (13)"
  (sqrt (* (* (* 2 n) U) (- (- t (* 2 (/ (* l l) Om))) (* (* n (pow (/ l Om) 2)) (- U U*))))))