Average Error: 0.1 → 0.1
Time: 30.5s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\left(a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}\right)}} \cdot rand\right)\]
↓
\[\frac{a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}}{\sqrt{\left(a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}\right) \cdot 9}} \cdot rand + \left(a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}\right)\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus rand

Derivation

  1. Initial program 0.1

    \[\left(a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}\right) \cdot \left(1 + \frac{1}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}\right)}} \cdot rand\right)\]

  2. Simplified0.1

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{rand \cdot \frac{a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}}{\sqrt{9 \cdot \left(a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}\right)}} + \left(a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}\right)}\]
  3. Using strategy rm

  4. Applied *-commutative0.1

    \[\leadsto rand \cdot \frac{a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}}{\sqrt{\color{blue}{\left(a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}\right) \cdot 9}}} + \left(a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}\right)\]

  5. Final simplification0.1

    \[\leadsto \frac{a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}}{\sqrt{\left(a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}\right) \cdot 9}} \cdot rand + \left(a - \frac{1.0}{3.0}\right)\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019051 
(FPCore (a rand)
  :name "Octave 3.8, oct_fill_randg"
  (* (- a (/ 1.0 3.0)) (+ 1 (* (/ 1 (sqrt (* 9 (- a (/ 1.0 3.0))))) rand))))