Average Error: 9.7 → 0.1
Time: 1.2m
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1}\]
\[\frac{\frac{2}{x - 1}}{\left(x + 1\right) \cdot x}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Target

Original9.7
Target0.2
Herbie0.1
\[\frac{2}{x \cdot \left(x \cdot x - 1\right)}\]

Derivation

  1. Initial program 9.7

    \[\left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right) + \frac{1}{x - 1}\]
  2. Using strategy rm
  3. Applied +-commutative9.7

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{x - 1} + \left(\frac{1}{x + 1} - \frac{2}{x}\right)}\]
  4. Using strategy rm
  5. Applied frac-sub25.8

    \[\leadsto \frac{1}{x - 1} + \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot x - \left(x + 1\right) \cdot 2}{\left(x + 1\right) \cdot x}}\]
  6. Applied frac-add25.0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1 \cdot \left(\left(x + 1\right) \cdot x\right) + \left(x - 1\right) \cdot \left(1 \cdot x - \left(x + 1\right) \cdot 2\right)}{\left(x - 1\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + 1\right) \cdot x\right)}}\]
  7. Simplified25.1

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{x \cdot \left(\left(x + 1\right) + \left(x - 1\right)\right) - \left(\left(x - 1\right) \cdot \left(x + 1\right)\right) \cdot 2}}{\left(x - 1\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + 1\right) \cdot x\right)}\]
  8. Taylor expanded around -inf 0.2

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{2}}{\left(x - 1\right) \cdot \left(\left(x + 1\right) \cdot x\right)}\]
  9. Using strategy rm
  10. Applied associate-/r*0.1

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{2}{x - 1}}{\left(x + 1\right) \cdot x}}\]
  11. Final simplification0.1

    \[\leadsto \frac{\frac{2}{x - 1}}{\left(x + 1\right) \cdot x}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019050 
(FPCore (x)
  :name "3frac (problem 3.3.3)"

  :herbie-target
  (/ 2 (* x (- (* x x) 1)))

  (+ (- (/ 1 (+ x 1)) (/ 2 x)) (/ 1 (- x 1))))