Average Error: 42.5 → 16.0
Time: 21.4s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[100 \cdot \frac{{\left(1 + \frac{i}{n}\right)}^{n} - 1}{\frac{i}{n}}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{{\left(\frac{i}{n} + 1\right)}^{n} - 1}{\frac{i}{n}} \le 0.0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{100 \cdot (e^{\log_* (1 + \frac{i}{n}) \cdot n} - 1)^*}{\frac{i}{n}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\frac{{\left(\frac{i}{n} + 1\right)}^{n} - 1}{\frac{i}{n}} \le 3.5009350877695735 \cdot 10^{-25}:\\ \;\;\;\;100 \cdot (\left({\left(\frac{i}{n}\right)}^{n}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{n}{i}\right) + \left(-\frac{n}{i}\right))_*\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus i

Bits error versus n

Target

Original42.5
Target42.3
Herbie16.0
\[100 \cdot \frac{e^{n \cdot \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;1 + \frac{i}{n} = 1:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{i}{n}\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\frac{i}{n} \cdot \log \left(1 + \frac{i}{n}\right)}{\left(\frac{i}{n} + 1\right) - 1}\\ \end{array}} - 1}{\frac{i}{n}}\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 3 regimes
  2. if (/ (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1) (/ i n)) < 0.0

    1. Initial program 39.8

      \[100 \cdot \frac{{\left(1 + \frac{i}{n}\right)}^{n} - 1}{\frac{i}{n}}\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied add-exp-log39.8

      \[\leadsto 100 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{e^{\log \left({\left(1 + \frac{i}{n}\right)}^{n}\right)}} - 1}{\frac{i}{n}}\]
    4. Applied expm1-def39.8

      \[\leadsto 100 \cdot \frac{\color{blue}{(e^{\log \left({\left(1 + \frac{i}{n}\right)}^{n}\right)} - 1)^*}}{\frac{i}{n}}\]
    5. Simplified6.7

      \[\leadsto 100 \cdot \frac{(e^{\color{blue}{\log_* (1 + \frac{i}{n}) \cdot n}} - 1)^*}{\frac{i}{n}}\]
    6. Using strategy rm
    7. Applied associate-*r/6.7

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{100 \cdot (e^{\log_* (1 + \frac{i}{n}) \cdot n} - 1)^*}{\frac{i}{n}}}\]

    if 0.0 < (/ (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1) (/ i n)) < 3.5009350877695735e-25

    1. Initial program 2.8

      \[100 \cdot \frac{{\left(1 + \frac{i}{n}\right)}^{n} - 1}{\frac{i}{n}}\]
    2. Taylor expanded around inf 57.4

      \[\leadsto 100 \cdot \color{blue}{\frac{\left(e^{\left(\log \left(\frac{1}{n}\right) - \log \left(\frac{1}{i}\right)\right) \cdot n} - 1\right) \cdot n}{i}}\]
    3. Simplified2.7

      \[\leadsto 100 \cdot \color{blue}{(\left({\left(\frac{i}{n}\right)}^{n}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{n}{i}\right) + \left(\frac{-n}{i}\right))_*}\]

    if 3.5009350877695735e-25 < (/ (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1) (/ i n))

    1. Initial program 58.7

      \[100 \cdot \frac{{\left(1 + \frac{i}{n}\right)}^{n} - 1}{\frac{i}{n}}\]
    2. Taylor expanded around 0 49.8

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{0}\]
  3. Recombined 3 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification16.0

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\frac{{\left(\frac{i}{n} + 1\right)}^{n} - 1}{\frac{i}{n}} \le 0.0:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{100 \cdot (e^{\log_* (1 + \frac{i}{n}) \cdot n} - 1)^*}{\frac{i}{n}}\\ \mathbf{elif}\;\frac{{\left(\frac{i}{n} + 1\right)}^{n} - 1}{\frac{i}{n}} \le 3.5009350877695735 \cdot 10^{-25}:\\ \;\;\;\;100 \cdot (\left({\left(\frac{i}{n}\right)}^{n}\right) \cdot \left(\frac{n}{i}\right) + \left(-\frac{n}{i}\right))_*\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;0\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019022 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (i n)
  :name "Compound Interest"

  :herbie-target
  (* 100 (/ (- (exp (* n (if (== (+ 1 (/ i n)) 1) (/ i n) (/ (* (/ i n) (log (+ 1 (/ i n)))) (- (+ (/ i n) 1) 1))))) 1) (/ i n)))

  (* 100 (/ (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1) (/ i n))))

Details

Time bar (total: 20.7s)Debug log

sample295.0ms

Algorithm
intervals
Results
112.0ms36×body2560valid
107.0ms73×body1280valid
26.0ms40×body640valid
14.0ms119×body80valid
10.0ms87×body80nan
7.0ms18×body320valid
3.0ms12×body160valid

simplify236.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls
1 calls:
Slowest
236.0ms
(* 100 (/ (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1) (/ i n)))

prune9.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 41.5b

localize34.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

12.2b
(/ (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1) (/ i n))
9.3b
(pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n)
1.6b
(- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1)
0.1b
(* 100 (/ (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1) (/ i n)))

rewrite57.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Rules
48×add-sqr-sqrt
40×times-frac
28×add-cube-cbrt
28×*-un-lft-identity
25×associate-*r*
20×difference-of-sqr-1
16×unpow-prod-down
13×div-inv
add-exp-log
fma-neg
add-cbrt-cube
associate-/l*
pow1
add-log-exp
log1p-expm1-u
associate-/r*
expm1-log1p-u
expm1-def
associate-/l/
flip--
associate-/r/
pow-exp
flip3--
pow-to-exp
*-commutative
associate-*r/
div-exp
div-sub
frac-2neg
pow-pow
sub-neg
clear-num
cbrt-undiv
Counts
4 → 122
Calls
4 calls:
Slowest
29.0ms
(/ (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1) (/ i n))
15.0ms
(- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1)
9.0ms
(* 100 (/ (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1) (/ i n)))
2.0ms
(pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n)

series631.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls
4 calls:
Slowest
195.0ms
(/ (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1) (/ i n))
166.0ms
(* 100 (/ (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1) (/ i n)))
151.0ms
(- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1)
119.0ms
(pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n)

simplify3.3s

Counts
105 → 134
Calls
105 calls:
Slowest
244.0ms
(/ (* (* (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1) (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1)) (- (pow (+ 1 (/ i n)) n) 1)) (* (* (/ i n) (/ i n)) (/ i n)))
241.0ms
(* 100 (/ (* n (- (exp (* n (- (log (/ -1 n)) (log (/ -1 i))))) 1)) i))
235.0ms
(/ (* (- (exp (* (- (log (/ 1 n)) (log (/ 1 i))) n)) 1) n) i)
220.0ms
(* 100 (/ (* (- (exp (* (- (log (/ 1 n)) (log (/ 1 i))) n)) 1) n) i))
175.0ms
(exp (* (- (log (/ 1 n)) (log (/ 1 i))) n))

prune1.2s

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (7 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 11.6b

localize24.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

11.8b
(/ (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n)) (/ i n))
11.7b
(* (log1p (/ i n)) n)
8.0b
(log1p (/ i n))
0.1b
(* 100 (/ (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n)) (/ i n)))

rewrite13.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Rules
24×times-frac
22×add-cube-cbrt
22×*-un-lft-identity
22×add-sqr-sqrt
17×associate-*r*
div-inv
add-exp-log
add-cbrt-cube
expm1-log1p-u
add-log-exp
log1p-expm1-u
associate-/r*
pow1
associate-/l*
associate-*l*
*-commutative
associate-/r/
expm1-udef
associate-*r/
log1p-expm1
div-exp
div-sub
frac-2neg
clear-num
log1p-udef
cbrt-undiv
Counts
4 → 87
Calls
4 calls:
Slowest
5.0ms
(/ (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n)) (/ i n))
4.0ms
(* (log1p (/ i n)) n)
2.0ms
(* 100 (/ (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n)) (/ i n)))
0.0ms
(log1p (/ i n))

series524.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls
4 calls:
Slowest
208.0ms
(/ (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n)) (/ i n))
204.0ms
(* 100 (/ (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n)) (/ i n)))
64.0ms
(* (log1p (/ i n)) n)
48.0ms
(log1p (/ i n))

simplify1.6s

Counts
65 → 99
Calls
65 calls:
Slowest
312.0ms
(/ (* (- (exp (* (- (log (/ 1 n)) (log (/ 1 i))) n)) 1) n) i)
238.0ms
(* 100 (/ (* n (- (exp (* n (- (log (/ -1 n)) (log (/ -1 i))))) 1)) i))
221.0ms
(* 100 (/ (* (- (exp (* (- (log (/ 1 n)) (log (/ 1 i))) n)) 1) n) i))
179.0ms
(/ (* (* (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n)) (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n))) (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n))) (* (* (/ i n) (/ i n)) (/ i n)))
142.0ms
(/ (* n (- (exp (* n (- (log (/ -1 n)) (log (/ -1 i))))) 1)) i)

prune784.0ms

Pruning

10 alts after pruning (10 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 11.5b

localize5.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

11.8b
(/ (* 100 (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n))) (/ i n))
11.7b
(* (log1p (/ i n)) n)
8.0b
(log1p (/ i n))
0.1b
(* 100 (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n)))

rewrite10.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Rules
add-cube-cbrt
*-un-lft-identity
add-sqr-sqrt
add-exp-log
add-cbrt-cube
expm1-log1p-u
add-log-exp
log1p-expm1-u
times-frac
associate-/r*
pow1
div-inv
associate-*l*
associate-*r*
*-commutative
associate-/l*
associate-/r/
log1p-expm1
div-exp
frac-2neg
clear-num
log1p-udef
cbrt-undiv
Counts
4 → 61
Calls
4 calls:
Slowest
5.0ms
(/ (* 100 (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n))) (/ i n))
3.0ms
(* (log1p (/ i n)) n)
1.0ms
(* 100 (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n)))
0.0ms
(log1p (/ i n))

series431.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls
4 calls:
Slowest
189.0ms
(/ (* 100 (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n))) (/ i n))
142.0ms
(* 100 (expm1 (* (log1p (/ i n)) n)))
55.0ms
(* (log1p (/ i n)) n)
45.0ms
(log1p (/ i n))

simplify1.2s

Counts
32 → 73
Calls
32 calls:
Slowest
221.0ms
(* 100 (/ (* n (- (exp (* n (- (log (/ -1 n)) (log (/ -1 i))))) 1)) i))
202.0ms
(* 100 (/ (* (- (exp (* (- (log (/ 1 n)) (log (/ 1 i))) n)) 1) n) i))
176.0ms
(* 100 (- (exp (* (- (log (/ 1 n)) (log (/ 1 i))) n)) 1))
175.0ms
(+ (* 100 i) (+ (* 50 (pow i 2)) (* 50/3 (pow i 3))))
117.0ms
(* 100 (- (exp (* n (- (log (/ -1 n)) (log (/ -1 i))))) 1))

prune606.0ms

Pruning

10 alts after pruning (9 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 11.5b

localize25.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

11.8b
(/ (expm1 (* (expm1 (log1p (log1p (/ i n)))) n)) (/ i n))
11.7b
(* (expm1 (log1p (log1p (/ i n)))) n)
8.0b
(log1p (/ i n))
0.4b
(expm1 (log1p (log1p (/ i n))))

rewrite15.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Rules
14×add-cube-cbrt
14×*-un-lft-identity
14×add-sqr-sqrt
12×times-frac
add-exp-log
add-cbrt-cube
div-inv
expm1-log1p-u
add-log-exp
log1p-expm1-u
associate-/r*
pow1
associate-/l*
associate-*l*
expm1-udef
*-commutative
associate-/r/
log1p-expm1
div-exp
div-sub
frac-2neg
clear-num
expm1-log1p
log1p-udef
cbrt-undiv
Counts
4 → 70
Calls
4 calls:
Slowest
8.0ms
(* (expm1 (log1p (log1p (/ i n)))) n)
5.0ms
(/ (expm1 (* (expm1 (log1p (log1p (/ i n)))) n)) (/ i n))
0.0ms
(log1p (/ i n))
0.0ms
(expm1 (log1p (log1p (/ i n))))

series475.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls
4 calls:
Slowest
261.0ms
(/ (expm1 (* (expm1 (log1p (log1p (/ i n)))) n)) (/ i n))
95.0ms
(* (expm1 (log1p (log1p (/ i n)))) n)
68.0ms
(expm1 (log1p (log1p (/ i n))))
50.0ms
(log1p (/ i n))

simplify1.1s

Counts
49 → 82
Calls
49 calls:
Slowest
279.0ms
(/ (* (- (exp (* (- (log (/ 1 n)) (log (/ 1 i))) n)) 1) n) i)
191.0ms
(/ (* (* (expm1 (* (expm1 (log1p (log1p (/ i n)))) n)) (expm1 (* (expm1 (log1p (log1p (/ i n)))) n))) (expm1 (* (expm1 (log1p (log1p (/ i n)))) n))) (* (* (/ i n) (/ i n)) (/ i n)))
147.0ms
(/ (* n (- (exp (* n (- (log (/ -1 n)) (log (/ -1 i))))) 1)) i)
56.0ms
(- (log (/ -1 n)) (log (/ -1 i)))
51.0ms
(- (log (/ -1 n)) (log (/ -1 i)))

prune681.0ms

Pruning

10 alts after pruning (8 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 11.5b

regimes258.0ms

Accuracy

41% (6.3b remaining)

Error of 16.0b against oracle of 9.8b and baseline of 20.4b

bsearch7.0ms

end0.0ms

sample7.2s

Algorithm
intervals
Results
2.9s2459×body1280valid
2.3s987×body2560valid
928.0ms1636×body640valid
335.0ms828×body320valid
276.0ms3073×body80valid
210.0ms2182×body80nan
90.0ms453×body160valid
7.0msbody5120valid