Average Error: 13.2 → 8.7
Time: 32.0s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}}\]
\[\sqrt{1 - \frac{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \left(h \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}{\ell}} \cdot w0\]

Error

Bits error versus w0

Bits error versus M

Bits error versus D

Bits error versus h

Bits error versus l

Bits error versus d

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Derivation

  1. Initial program 13.2

    \[w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot \frac{h}{\ell}}\]
  2. Using strategy rm
  3. Applied div-inv13.2

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - {\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot \color{blue}{\left(h \cdot \frac{1}{\ell}\right)}}\]
  4. Applied associate-*r*10.1

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\left({\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}^{2} \cdot h\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\ell}}}\]
  5. Using strategy rm
  6. Applied unpow210.1

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \left(\color{blue}{\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)} \cdot h\right) \cdot \frac{1}{\ell}}\]
  7. Applied associate-*l*8.7

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h\right)\right)} \cdot \frac{1}{\ell}}\]
  8. Using strategy rm
  9. Applied un-div-inv8.7

    \[\leadsto w0 \cdot \sqrt{1 - \color{blue}{\frac{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \left(\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot h\right)}{\ell}}}\]
  10. Final simplification8.7

    \[\leadsto \sqrt{1 - \frac{\frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d} \cdot \left(h \cdot \frac{M \cdot D}{2 \cdot d}\right)}{\ell}} \cdot w0\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019007 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (w0 M D h l d)
  :name "Henrywood and Agarwal, Equation (9a)"
  (* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))))

Details

Time bar (total: 30.8s)Debug log

sample151.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify65.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

64.0ms
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))

prune9.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 14.3b

localize27.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

12.4b
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))
4.2b
(sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))
3.8b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
1.0b
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))

rewrite19.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 80
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

7.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))
6.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))
3.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

series445.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

226.0ms
(* w0 (sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l)))))
137.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))
55.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))
27.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify4.8s

Counts
47 → 92
Calls

47 calls. Slowest were:

767.0ms
(sqrt (+ 1 (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) (/ h l))))
398.0ms
(+ (* (- (log (* M D)) (log (* 2 d))) 2) (log (/ h l)))
367.0ms
(+ (log (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2)) (log (/ h l)))

prune1.5s

Pruning

7 alts after pruning (7 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 7.0b

localize36.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

5.3b
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)
5.0b
(* (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) (/ 1 l))
4.2b
(sqrt (- 1 (* (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) (/ 1 l))))
3.8b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

rewrite37.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 72
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

18.0ms
(* (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) (/ 1 l))
8.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)
6.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

series329.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

156.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (* (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) (/ 1 l))))
87.0ms
(* (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h) (/ 1 l))
57.0ms
(* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)
28.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify3.9s

Counts
38 → 84
Calls

38 calls. Slowest were:

537.0ms
(+ (log (* (pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2) h)) (log (/ 1 l)))
333.0ms
(* 1/4 (/ (* (pow M 2) (* (pow D 2) h)) (pow d 2)))
281.0ms
(pow (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) 2)

prune1.3s

Pruning

6 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 6.2b

localize20.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

5.2b
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)
5.0b
(* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (/ 1 l))
4.2b
(sqrt (- 1 (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (/ 1 l))))
3.8b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

rewrite40.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 80
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

26.0ms
(* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (/ 1 l))
5.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))
4.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)

series283.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

110.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (/ 1 l))))
95.0ms
(* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (/ 1 l))
60.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)
17.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify7.7s

Counts
49 → 92
Calls

49 calls. Slowest were:

945.0ms
(+ (+ (log (/ (* M D) (* 2 d))) (log (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h))) (log (/ 1 l)))
861.0ms
(* (* (/ (* (* (* M D) (* M D)) (* M D)) (* (* (* 2 d) (* 2 d)) (* 2 d))) (* (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h))) (* (* (/ 1 l) (/ 1 l)) (/ 1 l)))
669.0ms
(* (* (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (/ (* M D) (* 2 d))) (/ (* M D) (* 2 d))) (* (* (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h))) (* (* (/ 1 l) (/ 1 l)) (/ 1 l)))

prune1.4s

Pruning

10 alts after pruning (10 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 6.2b

localize11.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

5.2b
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)
5.0b
(/ (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) l)
4.2b
(sqrt (- 1 (/ (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) l)))
3.8b
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

rewrite34.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 65
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

20.0ms
(/ (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) l)
8.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)
3.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

series244.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

108.0ms
(sqrt (- 1 (/ (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) l)))
80.0ms
(/ (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) l)
32.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)
24.0ms
(/ (* M D) (* 2 d))

simplify3.4s

Counts
31 → 77
Calls

31 calls. Slowest were:

612.0ms
(* (* M D) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h))
582.0ms
(* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (* M D) h))
265.0ms
(sqrt (- (pow 1 3) (pow (/ (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) (* (/ (* M D) (* 2 d)) h)) l) 3)))

prune780.0ms

Pruning

10 alts after pruning (9 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 6.2b

regimes1.5s

Accuracy

0% (1.8b remaining)

Error of 8.7b against oracle of 6.9b and baseline of 8.7b

bsearch4.0ms

end0.0ms

sample2.7s

Algorithm
intervals