Average Error: 44.0 → 0.2
Time: 18.1s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
\[-2 \cdot \frac{c}{b + \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus c

Derivation

  1. Initial program 44.0

    \[\frac{\left(-b\right) + \sqrt{b \cdot b - \left(4 \cdot a\right) \cdot c}}{2 \cdot a}\]
  2. Simplified44.0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b}{2 \cdot a}}\]
  3. Using strategy rm
  4. Applied flip--44.0

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}}{2 \cdot a}\]
  5. Applied associate-/l/44.0

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} \cdot \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} - b \cdot b}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}}\]
  6. Simplified0.4

    \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c}}{\left(2 \cdot a\right) \cdot \left(\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b\right)}\]
  7. Using strategy rm
  8. Applied times-frac0.2

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{a \cdot -4}{2 \cdot a} \cdot \frac{c}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}}\]
  9. Simplified0.2

    \[\leadsto \color{blue}{-2} \cdot \frac{c}{\sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*} + b}\]
  10. Final simplification0.2

    \[\leadsto -2 \cdot \frac{c}{b + \sqrt{(\left(a \cdot -4\right) \cdot c + \left(b \cdot b\right))_*}}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019007 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b c)
  :name "Quadratic roots, medium range"
  :pre (and (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 a 9007199254740992.0) (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 b 9007199254740992.0) (< 1.1102230246251565e-16 c 9007199254740992.0))
  (/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a)))

Details

Time bar (total: 17.3s)Debug log

sample242.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify73.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

73.0ms
(/ (+ (- b) (sqrt (- (* b b) (* (* 4 a) c)))) (* 2 a))

prune10.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 45.7b

localize30.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

40.0b
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
0.2b
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

rewrite43.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 67
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

29.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
10.0ms
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
2.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

series274.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

113.0ms
(/ (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (* 2 a))
65.0ms
(- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
59.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
37.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify1.4s

Counts
34 → 79
Calls

34 calls. Slowest were:

636.0ms
(- (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (* b b))
154.0ms
(- (pow (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) 3) (pow b 3))
74.0ms
(/ (* (* (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (- (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (* (* (* 2 a) (* 2 a)) (* 2 a)))

prune704.0ms

Pruning

3 alts after pruning (3 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.4b

localize25.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.3b
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
0.1b
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))

rewrite46.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 70
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

20.0ms
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
16.0ms
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
8.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)

series332.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

125.0ms
(/ (* (* a -4) c) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
98.0ms
(* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
77.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
31.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify3.3s

Counts
37 → 82
Calls

37 calls. Slowest were:

663.0ms
(/ (* (* (* (* a -4) c) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))) (* (* 2 a) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))
609.0ms
(- (log (* (* a -4) c)) (+ (log (* 2 a)) (log (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))
599.0ms
(/ (* (* (* (* a -4) c) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* a -4) c)) (* (* (* (* 2 a) (* 2 a)) (* 2 a)) (* (* (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)) (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))))

prune901.0ms

Pruning

6 alts after pruning (6 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize9.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
0.1b
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
0.1b
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

rewrite11.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 59
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

5.0ms
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
4.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
1.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))

series273.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

143.0ms
(/ c (+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b))
50.0ms
(sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))
50.0ms
(+ (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)
30.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify577.0ms

Counts
26 → 71
Calls

26 calls. Slowest were:

228.0ms
(+ (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (- (* b b) (* (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b))) b)))
49.0ms
(- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))
44.0ms
(- (pow b 2) (* 4 (* a c)))

prune757.0ms

Pruning

5 alts after pruning (4 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0b

localize14.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

0.2b
(fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b)
0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
0.1b
(/ c (fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b))

rewrite3.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 45
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

1.0ms
(/ c (fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b))
0.0ms
(fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b)
0.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

series675.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

311.0ms
(/ c (fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b))
284.0ms
(fma (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) (sqrt (sqrt (fma (* a -4) c (* b b)))) b)
50.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))
30.0ms
(fma (* a -4) c (* b b))

simplify1.2s

Counts
15 → 57
Calls

15 calls. Slowest were:

330.0ms
(+ (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ 1 a)) (log (/ 1 c)))))) 2) b)
211.0ms
(- (/ c b) (+ (* 1/4 (/ (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ -1 c)) (log (/ -1 a)))))) 4) (* a b))) (/ (* c (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ -1 c)) (log (/ -1 a)))))) 2)) (pow b 2))))
162.0ms
(- (/ c b) (+ (/ (* (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ 1 a)) (log (/ 1 c)))))) 2) c) (pow b 2)) (* 1/4 (/ (pow (exp (* 1/4 (- (log -4) (+ (log (/ 1 a)) (log (/ 1 c)))))) 4) (* a b)))))

prune783.0ms

Pruning

5 alts after pruning (3 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 0b

regimes208.0ms

Accuracy

0% (0.1b remaining)

Error of 0.2b against oracle of 0.0b and baseline of 0.2b

bsearch3.0ms

end0.0ms

sample5.5s

Algorithm
intervals