Average Error: 58.6 → 3.0
Time: 28.8s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\frac{\varepsilon \cdot \left(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right)}{\left(e^{a \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot \left(e^{b \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right)}\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -1.0077585081869481 \cdot 10^{-76}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*} \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}}{\sqrt[3]{(e^{b \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*} \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{b \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}} \cdot \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{(e^{a \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*} \cdot \frac{\sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}}{\sqrt[3]{(e^{b \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus a

Bits error versus b

Bits error versus eps

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original58.6
Target14.4
Herbie3.0
\[\frac{a + b}{a \cdot b}\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if eps < -1.0077585081869481e-76

    1. Initial program 50.9

      \[\frac{\varepsilon \cdot \left(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right)}{\left(e^{a \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot \left(e^{b \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right)}\]
    2. Simplified7.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*} \cdot \frac{\varepsilon}{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot a} - 1)^*}}\]
    3. Using strategy rm
    4. Applied add-cube-cbrt8.1

      \[\leadsto \frac{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*} \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*}}} \cdot \frac{\varepsilon}{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot a} - 1)^*}\]
    5. Applied add-cube-cbrt8.0

      \[\leadsto \frac{\color{blue}{\left(\sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*} \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}}}{\left(\sqrt[3]{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*} \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*}\right) \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*}} \cdot \frac{\varepsilon}{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot a} - 1)^*}\]
    6. Applied times-frac8.0

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*} \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}}{\sqrt[3]{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*} \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*}} \cdot \frac{\sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}}{\sqrt[3]{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*}}\right)} \cdot \frac{\varepsilon}{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot a} - 1)^*}\]
    7. Applied associate-*l*7.7

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{\sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*} \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}}{\sqrt[3]{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*} \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*}} \cdot \left(\frac{\sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}}{\sqrt[3]{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*}} \cdot \frac{\varepsilon}{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot a} - 1)^*}\right)}\]

    if -1.0077585081869481e-76 < eps

    1. Initial program 59.5

      \[\frac{\varepsilon \cdot \left(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right)}{\left(e^{a \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right) \cdot \left(e^{b \cdot \varepsilon} - 1\right)}\]
    2. Simplified29.9

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot b} - 1)^*} \cdot \frac{\varepsilon}{(e^{\varepsilon \cdot a} - 1)^*}}\]
    3. Taylor expanded around 0 2.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b}}\]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification3.0

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -1.0077585081869481 \cdot 10^{-76}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{\sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*} \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}}{\sqrt[3]{(e^{b \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*} \cdot \sqrt[3]{(e^{b \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}} \cdot \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{(e^{a \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*} \cdot \frac{\sqrt[3]{(e^{\left(a + b\right) \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}}{\sqrt[3]{(e^{b \cdot \varepsilon} - 1)^*}}\right)\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{a}\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019007 +o rules:numerics
(FPCore (a b eps)
  :name "expq3 (problem 3.4.2)"
  :pre (and (< -1 eps) (< eps 1))

  :herbie-target
  (/ (+ a b) (* a b))

  (/ (* eps (- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)) (* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (- (exp (* b eps)) 1))))

Details

Time bar (total: 28.0s)Debug log

sample646.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify446.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

446.0ms
(/ (* eps (- (exp (* (+ a b) eps)) 1)) (* (- (exp (* a eps)) 1) (- (exp (* b eps)) 1)))

prune12.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 27.3b

localize27.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

17.1b
(/ eps (expm1 (* eps a)))
10.3b
(/ (expm1 (* (+ a b) eps)) (expm1 (* eps b)))
4.8b
(* (/ (expm1 (* (+ a b) eps)) (expm1 (* eps b))) (/ eps (expm1 (* eps a))))
0.1b
(expm1 (* (+ a b) eps))

rewrite12.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 91
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

6.0ms
(* (/ (expm1 (* (+ a b) eps)) (expm1 (* eps b))) (/ eps (expm1 (* eps a))))
3.0ms
(/ (expm1 (* (+ a b) eps)) (expm1 (* eps b)))
1.0ms
(/ eps (expm1 (* eps a)))

series588.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

407.0ms
(* (/ (expm1 (* (+ a b) eps)) (expm1 (* eps b))) (/ eps (expm1 (* eps a))))
88.0ms
(/ (expm1 (* (+ a b) eps)) (expm1 (* eps b)))
55.0ms
(expm1 (* (+ a b) eps))
37.0ms
(/ eps (expm1 (* eps a)))

simplify2.4s

Counts
67 → 103
Calls

67 calls. Slowest were:

348.0ms
(* (* (* (/ (expm1 (* (+ a b) eps)) (expm1 (* eps b))) (/ (expm1 (* (+ a b) eps)) (expm1 (* eps b)))) (/ (expm1 (* (+ a b) eps)) (expm1 (* eps b)))) (* (* (/ eps (expm1 (* eps a))) (/ eps (expm1 (* eps a)))) (/ eps (expm1 (* eps a)))))
300.0ms
(+ (- (log (expm1 (* (+ a b) eps))) (log (expm1 (* eps b)))) (log (/ eps (expm1 (* eps a)))))
190.0ms
(+ (log (/ (expm1 (* (+ a b) eps)) (expm1 (* eps b)))) (log (/ eps (expm1 (* eps a)))))

prune1.1s

Pruning

4 alts after pruning (4 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

localize13.0ms

Local error

Found 1 expressions with local error:

0.0b
(+ (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))

rewrite7.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
1 → 22
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

7.0ms
(+ (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))

series12.0ms

Counts
1 → 3
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

12.0ms
(+ (/ 1 a) (/ 1 b))

simplify35.0ms

Counts
12 → 25
Calls

12 calls. Slowest were:

6.0ms
(* (exp (/ 1 a)) (exp (/ 1 b)))
4.0ms
(+ (* 1 b) (* a 1))
4.0ms
(* (cbrt (/ 1 a)) (cbrt (/ 1 a)))

prune181.0ms

Pruning

4 alts after pruning (3 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

localize36.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

17.1b
(/ eps (expm1 (* eps a)))
15.0b
(cbrt (expm1 (* eps b)))
15.0b
(cbrt (expm1 (* eps b)))
15.0b
(cbrt (expm1 (* eps b)))

rewrite5.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 54
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

1.0ms
(cbrt (expm1 (* eps b)))
1.0ms
(cbrt (expm1 (* eps b)))
1.0ms
(cbrt (expm1 (* eps b)))

series341.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

111.0ms
(cbrt (expm1 (* eps b)))
99.0ms
(cbrt (expm1 (* eps b)))
92.0ms
(cbrt (expm1 (* eps b)))
38.0ms
(/ eps (expm1 (* eps a)))

simplify780.0ms

Counts
24 → 66
Calls

24 calls. Slowest were:

227.0ms
(+ (exp (* 1/3 (+ (log eps) (log b)))) (+ (* 1/36 (* (exp (* 1/3 (+ (log eps) (log b)))) (* (pow eps 2) (pow b 2)))) (* 1/6 (* (exp (* 1/3 (+ (log eps) (log b)))) (* eps b)))))
199.0ms
(+ (exp (* 1/3 (+ (log eps) (log b)))) (+ (* 1/36 (* (exp (* 1/3 (+ (log eps) (log b)))) (* (pow eps 2) (pow b 2)))) (* 1/6 (* (exp (* 1/3 (+ (log eps) (log b)))) (* eps b)))))
196.0ms
(+ (exp (* 1/3 (+ (log eps) (log b)))) (+ (* 1/36 (* (exp (* 1/3 (+ (log eps) (log b)))) (* (pow eps 2) (pow b 2)))) (* 1/6 (* (exp (* 1/3 (+ (log eps) (log b)))) (* eps b)))))

prune1.0s

Pruning

4 alts after pruning (2 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

localize10.0ms

Local error

Found 3 expressions with local error:

0.1b
(fma (sqrt (/ 1 a)) (sqrt (/ 1 a)) (/ 1 b))
0.0b
(sqrt (/ 1 a))
0.0b
(sqrt (/ 1 a))

rewrite3.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
3 → 42
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

1.0ms
(sqrt (/ 1 a))
1.0ms
(sqrt (/ 1 a))
0.0ms
(fma (sqrt (/ 1 a)) (sqrt (/ 1 a)) (/ 1 b))

series66.0ms

Counts
3 → 9
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

44.0ms
(fma (sqrt (/ 1 a)) (sqrt (/ 1 a)) (/ 1 b))
11.0ms
(sqrt (/ 1 a))
10.0ms
(sqrt (/ 1 a))

simplify20.0ms

Counts
21 → 51
Calls

21 calls. Slowest were:

2.0ms
(sqrt (* (cbrt (/ 1 a)) (cbrt (/ 1 a))))
2.0ms
(sqrt (* (cbrt (/ 1 a)) (cbrt (/ 1 a))))
2.0ms
(sqrt (sqrt (/ 1 a)))

prune409.0ms

Pruning

4 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 3 done)

Merged error: 0.0b

regimes150.0ms

Accuracy

9.3% (3.0b remaining)

Error of 3.0b against oracle of 0.0b and baseline of 3.3b

bsearch531.0ms

end0.0ms

sample19.2s

Algorithm
intervals