Average Error: 37.1 → 0.4
Time: 17.3s
Precision: 64
Internal Precision: 128
\[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
\[\begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -9.009528554123312 \cdot 10^{-09} \lor \neg \left(\varepsilon \le 7.127013155980482 \cdot 10^{-09}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\left(x + x\right) + \varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Error

Bits error versus x

Bits error versus eps

Try it out

Your Program's Arguments

Results

Enter valid numbers for all inputs

Target

Original37.1
Target15.1
Herbie0.4
\[2 \cdot \left(\cos \left(x + \frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\]

Derivation

  1. Split input into 2 regimes
  2. if eps < -9.009528554123312e-09 or 7.127013155980482e-09 < eps

    1. Initial program 29.9

      \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied sin-sum0.5

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right)} - \sin x\]

    if -9.009528554123312e-09 < eps < 7.127013155980482e-09

    1. Initial program 44.6

      \[\sin \left(x + \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\]
    2. Using strategy rm
    3. Applied diff-sin44.6

      \[\leadsto \color{blue}{2 \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{\left(x + \varepsilon\right) - x}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\left(x + \varepsilon\right) + x}{2}\right)\right)}\]
    4. Simplified0.3

      \[\leadsto 2 \cdot \color{blue}{\left(\cos \left(\frac{\left(x + x\right) + \varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)}\]
  3. Recombined 2 regimes into one program.
  4. Final simplification0.4

    \[\leadsto \begin{array}{l} \mathbf{if}\;\varepsilon \le -9.009528554123312 \cdot 10^{-09} \lor \neg \left(\varepsilon \le 7.127013155980482 \cdot 10^{-09}\right):\\ \;\;\;\;\left(\sin x \cdot \cos \varepsilon + \cos x \cdot \sin \varepsilon\right) - \sin x\\ \mathbf{else}:\\ \;\;\;\;2 \cdot \left(\sin \left(\frac{\varepsilon}{2}\right) \cdot \cos \left(\frac{\left(x + x\right) + \varepsilon}{2}\right)\right)\\ \end{array}\]

Reproduce

herbie shell --seed 2019007 
(FPCore (x eps)
  :name "2sin (example 3.3)"

  :herbie-target
  (* 2 (* (cos (+ x (/ eps 2))) (sin (/ eps 2))))

  (- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x)))

Details

Time bar (total: 15.8s)Debug log

sample235.0ms

Algorithm
intervals

simplify5.0ms

Counts
1 → 1
Calls

1 calls. Slowest were:

4.0ms
(- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x))

prune11.0ms

Pruning

1 alts after pruning (1 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 36.1b

localize27.0ms

Local error

Found 2 expressions with local error:

4.5b
(sin (+ x eps))
1.2b
(- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x))

rewrite14.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
2 → 24
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

10.0ms
(- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x))
3.0ms
(sin (+ x eps))

series425.0ms

Counts
2 → 6
Calls

2 calls. Slowest were:

409.0ms
(- (sin (+ x eps)) (sin x))
15.0ms
(sin (+ x eps))

simplify357.0ms

Counts
13 → 30
Calls

13 calls. Slowest were:

254.0ms
(- eps (+ (* 1/2 (* x (pow eps 2))) (* 1/2 (* (pow x 2) eps))))
37.0ms
(- (+ x eps) (* 1/6 (pow x 3)))
19.0ms
(* (sin (/ (- (+ x eps) x) 2)) (cos (/ (+ (+ x eps) x) 2)))

prune305.0ms

Pruning

4 alts after pruning (4 fresh and 0 done)

Merged error: 0.3b

localize44.0ms

Local error

Found 3 expressions with local error:

4.4b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
0.3b
(* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (sin (/ eps 2)))
0.2b
(/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)

rewrite40.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
3 → 39
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

16.0ms
(* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (sin (/ eps 2)))
14.0ms
(/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)
9.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

series125.0ms

Counts
3 → 9
Calls

3 calls. Slowest were:

69.0ms
(* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (sin (/ eps 2)))
28.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
28.0ms
(/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)

simplify978.0ms

Counts
21 → 48
Calls

21 calls. Slowest were:

243.0ms
(- (* 1/2 eps) (+ (* 1/4 (* x (pow eps 2))) (* 1/4 (* (pow x 2) eps))))
208.0ms
(- (* (+ x x) (+ x x)) (* eps eps))
165.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))

prune565.0ms

Pruning

11 alts after pruning (10 fresh and 1 done)

Merged error: 0.2b

localize32.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

4.4b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
4.4b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
4.4b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
0.4b
(cbrt (* (* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))))

rewrite42.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 32
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

15.0ms
(cbrt (* (* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))))
9.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
9.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

series107.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

27.0ms
(cbrt (* (* (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))) (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))))
27.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
27.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
26.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))

simplify941.0ms

Counts
15 → 44
Calls

15 calls. Slowest were:

209.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))
188.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))
187.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))

prune691.0ms

Pruning

11 alts after pruning (9 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 0.2b

localize26.0ms

Local error

Found 4 expressions with local error:

4.4b
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
0.5b
(log (exp (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))))
0.3b
(* (log (exp (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)))) (sin (/ eps 2)))
0.2b
(/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)

rewrite69.0ms

Algorithm
rewrite-expression-head
Counts
4 → 58
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

23.0ms
(* (log (exp (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)))) (sin (/ eps 2)))
16.0ms
(log (exp (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))))
15.0ms
(/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)

series157.0ms

Counts
4 → 12
Calls

4 calls. Slowest were:

84.0ms
(* (log (exp (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)))) (sin (/ eps 2)))
28.0ms
(log (exp (cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))))
28.0ms
(cos (/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2))
17.0ms
(/ (+ (+ x x) eps) 2)

simplify1.3s

Counts
34 → 70
Calls

34 calls. Slowest were:

306.0ms
(- (* 1/2 eps) (+ (* 1/4 (* x (pow eps 2))) (* 1/4 (* (pow x 2) eps))))
190.0ms
(- (* (+ x x) (+ x x)) (* eps eps))
167.0ms
(- 1 (+ (* 1/2 (* x eps)) (* 1/2 (pow x 2))))

prune753.0ms

Pruning

11 alts after pruning (9 fresh and 2 done)

Merged error: 0.2b

regimes262.0ms

Accuracy

99.5% (0.1b remaining)

Error of 0.4b against oracle of 0.3b and baseline of 15.1b

bsearch327.0ms

end0.0ms

sample8.0s

Algorithm
intervals